Xu Chongqing

Xu Chongqing

Xu Chongqing (1888-1969), born in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, is a famous statesman, educator and cousin of Xu Chongzhi. In his early years, he studied in Japan, joined the China alliance led by Dr. Sun Yat Sen, and graduated from Imperial University of Tokyo. Participated in the drafting of the declaration of the first National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang. He has successively served as director of Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of education, director of Guangdong Provincial Department of education, and President of Sun Yat sen University. After 1949, Xu Chongqing successively served as vice governor of Guangdong Province, President of Sun Yat sen University and member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. During the cultural revolution, Xu Chongqing was attacked and criticized several times. In 1969, he fell down on his way home and died of a heart attack.

join the revolutionary ranks

Xu Chongqing (1888-1969), born in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, is a famous statesman, educator and cousin of Xu Chongzhi. In his early years, he went to study in Japan. When he was studying in Japan, he engaged in revolutionary activities against the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty. He was introduced by Mr. Song Jiaoren to join the Chinese League led by Dr. Sun Yat Sen, and he once retired from school and returned to participate in the revolution of 1911. In 1923, Xu Chongqing was introduced by Mr. Liao Zhongkai to join the Chinese Kuomintang. He was trusted by Dr. Sun Yat Sen and Mr. Liao Zhongkai and appointed Xu Chongqing to participate in the reorganization of the Chinese Kuomintang. Xu Chongqing is one of the persons in charge of drafting the Manifesto of the first National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang. In the process of Dr. Sun Yat Sen's policy of uniting Russia and the Communist Party, Mr. Xu Chongqing tried his best to help him. Comrade Liao Chengzhi praised Xu Chongqing as "the witness of history". In 1925, Dr. Sun Yat Sen died of illness. The national government decided to organize the National Sun Yat sen University. Mr. Xu Chongqing was the preparatory committee member. During the great revolution of the first cooperation between the KMT and the CPC, Mr. Xu Chongqing cooperated closely with the Chinese Communists and actively carried out education reform. Xu Chongqing clearly put forward the educational task of anti imperialism and anti feudalism, emphasized the connection between education and revolutionary practice and national construction, and the educational policy should be consistent with the revolutionary policy. Mr. Xu Chongqing has done two great things with amazing revolutionary courage, and has written a glorious chapter in the history of modern Chinese education. First, in 1924, when Xu Chongqing was the director of the Department of education of Guangdong Province, he launched a movement to withdraw the management power of foreigners in church schools and prohibit preaching in schools, which spread throughout the country. Second, from 1933 to 1934, Xu Chongqing was the director of the Department of education of Guangdong Province. Chen Jitang advocated the feudal morality and forced schools at all levels to teach filial piety. Xu Chongqing firmly opposed the so-called feudal morality, It has aroused strong repercussions in South China and has been warmly supported by the majority of education circles and young students. Xu Chongqing is a glorious banner of the educational circles in South China. Mr. Xu Chongqing is proficient in many languages and is the first scholar to introduce Einstein's theory of relativity to China.

Attach importance to education

Mr. Xu Chongqing is loyal to Dr. Sun Yat Sen's career and policy, adheres to the direction of progress, and does his best to do work beneficial to people. Xu Chongqing has presided over the education administration of Guangdong Province for many times, actively advocating literacy education for workers, developing rural education and social education, and developing normal education and vocational and technical education. At the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, wartime education was carried out with outstanding achievements. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, Mr. Xu Chongqing served as president of Sun Yat sen University twice, both of which were rejected by the opposition forces. After the outbreak of the September 18th Incident in 1931, the Anti Japanese patriotic movement rose all over the country. Xu Chongqing advocated Anti Japanese and sympathized with the patriotic movement of students in Sun Yat sen University. He was dissatisfied with the southwest warlords and was transferred from the post of president. In 1940, Xu Chongqing took over the post of acting president of Sun Yat sen University and presided over the arduous task of moving Sun Yat sen University from Shujiang, Yunnan Province to Pingshi, northern Guangdong Province, contributing to the cultivation of talents in South China. In July 1941, he was removed from the post of acting president. Although Xu Chongqing did not serve as the president of CUHK twice for a long time, his attitude towards the students' patriotic movement was open-minded. He not only respected talents, vigorously welcomed famous scholars, advocated academic research, but also personally taught dialectical materialism and historical materialism, which opened up the atmosphere of progress and freedom in sun Yat sen University. Therefore, his influence was far-reaching. For example, in 1931, Xu Chongqing set up a department of Sociology in the school of Arts of Sun Yat sen University. He Sijing, Zhou Gucheng, Hu tiqian, Deng chumin, Xiao Junying and others first and later taught in the Department. In 1940, Xu Chongqing hired Wang Yanan, Li Da, Hong Shen and other progressive professors to teach in CUHK, which played an important role in cultivating the young generation in South China and promoting the development of progressive culture. During the second Sino Japanese War, Mr. Xu Chongqing's political attitude was clear-cut and firm. Xu Chongqing was in favor of the Anti Japanese national united front of the Communist Party of China, and supported the unity and cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to resist Japan and save the country. Xu Chongqing advocated political democracy and insisted on progress. He was a representative of the progressive forces of the Chinese Kuomintang and was respected and supported by the Chinese Communists and patriots. In July 1941, Xu Chongqing left Pingshi and returned to Shaoguan with great indignation at the diehards of the Chinese Kuomintang. He continued to preside over the work of the seventh theater Compilation Committee. Xu Chongqing devoted himself to the research of educational philosophy. He attached great importance to Studying Comrade Mao Zedong's on new democracy. Relying on a member of the Communist Party of China and progressive cultural workers, Xu Chongqing published four publications, namely new construction, new era of education, Wenhui in the array and Xueyuan. He set up a new construction publishing house, printed and distributed progressive books, and publicized the war of resistance against Japan, democratic unity and Dr. Sun Yat Sen's revolutionary Three democracies to the vast number of intellectuals, young students and the Kuomintang army The introduction of Marxist philosophy of education played a very good role in the Anti Japanese War, the democratic movement and the enlightenment education of Marxism in South China at that time. Mr. Xu Chongqing is the cultural standard bearer of South China in the desert areas where the Rightists of the Chinese Nationalist Party practice cultural confinement. After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, Mr. Xu Chongqing continued to teach in Sun Yat sen University and served as a professor in Jiangsu Institute of social education. Xu Chongqing insisted on teaching philosophy of education and introduction to Philosophy of dialectical materialism. He was very dissatisfied with the fascist policy of the national government and the civil war. He wrote an article criticizing autocracy and calling for political democracy. Xu Chongqing sympathized with and supported the patriotic and democratic student movement led by the Communist Party of China. He was informed by KMT agents that Xu Chongqing left Guangzhou and left Hong Kong in early 1949. During his stay in Hong Kong, he worked hard to study the principles and policies of the Communist Party of China, deeply studied Marxist educational theory, published educational papers with independent opinions, and prepared for the birth of new China and the construction of new educational cause. In October 1949, at the meeting of Hong Kong and Kowloon educators celebrating the founding of the people's Republic of China, Mr. Xu Chongqing warmly called on educators in South China to "resolutely unite with the people and fight for the construction of a unified, independent, prosperous and democratic new China.". After the liberation of Guangzhou, Mr. Xu Chongqing returned to Guangzhou and was warmly welcomed by the party and the people's government. In 1951, Xu Chongqing returned to Sun Yat sen University as president. Xu Chongqing said affectionately: "China's cultural and educational undertakings are really the cultivation of talents and the development of academic undertakings. Only by devoting myself to education can I really realize my dream. " Mr. Xu Chongqing has devoted his whole life to improving the cultural and educational level of the people of the motherland and cultivating talents. He has a high reputation and is famous all over the world. Mr. Xu Chongqing's life is a glorious one.

Education pioneer

After 1949, Mr. Xu Chongqing participated in the takeover of Guangzhou University and became president of Sun Yat sen University in January 1951. He has worked hard for China's socialist higher education for 20 years and made great contributions to the reform and development of Sun Yat sen University. Xu Chongqing is one of the founders of higher education in New China. In January 1951, the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's government appointed Mr. Xu Chongqing as president of Sun Yat sen University and Comrade Feng Naichao as vice president. Xu Chongqing and Feng Naichao, two presidents, enjoy high reputation in the academic circles of Chinese culture and education. All the teachers, students and staff of the university are jubilant. Patriots and alumni at home and abroad also deeply celebrate the success of Sun Yat sen University. President Xu Chongqing and President Feng Naichao have made great efforts to implement the principles and policies of the party and the people's government, unite all the teachers, students and staff, stabilize the teaching order, carry out adjustment and reform, and successfully complete the task of University adjustment, laying a foundation for the progress and development of the discipline. Xu Chongqing worked hard for Sun Yat sen University until the last breath. His school running ideas and responsible spirit are examples for us to learn from. Mr. Xu Chongqing returned to Sun Yat sen University with the wish of dedicating himself to the cause of people's education. As Xu Chongqing has great respect for Dr. Sun Yat Sen, he has deep feelings for the university founded and commemorated by Dr. Sun Yat Sen. With a high sense of responsibility, Xu Chongqing is determined to run Sun Yat sen University well. Mr. Xu Chongqing often talks about the historical background of Dr. Sun Yat Sen's founding of Guangdong University and his participation in the preparation of Sun Yat sen University. He still remembers a couplet in the auditorium of the old campus of Wenming Road: "catch up with the world culture head on and save the Chinese nation from its roots." Xu Chongqing said that this is the purpose and direction of our school. He often encourages young students to learn from Dr. Sun Yat Sen. In 1956, Xu Chongqing read out the commemorative article "Sun Yat Sen the great revolutionary son of the Chinese people" written by Vice Chairman Song Qingling at the meeting marking the 90th anniversary of the birth of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. "In memory of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, we should carry forward his revolutionary spirit of being loyal to the revolution and truth, and learn from his constant enthusiasm for the motherland, the people and the revolutionary cause," he said He asked all teachers, students and staff to encourage each other and work together to cultivate thousands of loyal students

Chinese PinYin : Xu Chong Qing