Qi zhuanggong

Qi zhuanggong

Qi Zhuang Gong (?)? (731 BC), surnamed Jiang, surnamed LV, minggou, the 12th king of Qi, who was in power for 64 years, was the grandson of Duke Wen of Qi and the son of Duke Cheng of Qi.

During the 64 year reign of Duke Zhuang of Qi, the state of Qi gradually strengthened, which laid a solid foundation for his grandson Duke Huan of Qi to dominate the Central Plains. He was the longest monarch in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. Because he was in power for a long time, the Qi State, which had just experienced nearly 70 years of civil strife, was able to recover its vitality under the condition of long-term stability.

In his later years, Lu Gou basically placed Qi in a small hegemony position, laying a political and economic foundation for the princesses of the princess League of Qi Fu, the Duke of Qi Xiang's revenge for the destruction of the kingdom of Ji, and the Duke of Qi Huan's Jiuhe. Lu Gou is the founder of Qi's hegemony and the leader of the resurgence in Qi's history.

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Lu purchase, surnamed Jiang, surnamed Lu, also known as Qi zhuanggong. The 12th monarch of Qi State in the era of Chinese feudal lords fighting for hegemony. His grandfather was Lu Chi, the tenth monarch of Qi, and his father was Lu Tuo, the eleventh monarch of Qi.

In the ninth year of Qi Chenggong (Bingwu, 795 BC), after Qi Chenggong died, his son Lu Mai succeeded to the throne and became Qi zhuanggong. The succession of Zhuang Gong to the throne in the former period of Qi led to unrest in the internal court of Qi, and the capital (Bogu and Linzi) was moved twice, which greatly damaged the vitality of Qi. During the period of Qi zhuanggong, the state of Qi began to recuperate. During his reign, the state of Qi gradually strengthened, which laid a solid foundation for his grandson Duke Huan of Qi to dominate the Central Plains.

In the 64th year of the reign of the Duke of Qizhuang (Gengshu, 731 BC), the Duke of Qizhuang died. His son Lu Lu Fu succeeded to the throne and became the Duke of Qifu.

Life of the characters

In the spring and Autumn period, Duke Huan of Qi was honored as the first tyrant. However, before Duke Huan, Zhuang Fu was known as a small tyrant. The small tyrant of Zhuang Fu of Qi started in the late years of Duke Zhuang before Qi, and LV Mai was in power for 64 years. Because he was in power for a long time, the state of Qi rose rapidly from the decline under his development, laying a foundation for Duke Huan of Qi and Qi Xiang to open their territory and lay a foundation for Duke Huan of Qi to dominate the Central Plains The foundation.

In Chinese history, hegemony must be backed by a strong military strength and economic foundation, so the prosperity of the country is the foundation of hegemony. Qi was an early developed country among the vassal states in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which laid an economic and military foundation for the small hegemony.

（1） Zhuang and Fu both followed Jiang Taigong's strategy of governing the country

According to historical records, since the founding of Qi by Taigong, the state of Qi has been following Jiang Taigong's policy of governing the country, that is, "due to the customs, simple etiquette", "respecting the virtuous and respecting the meritorious", "connecting the business and industry", "facilitating the benefits of fish and salt". Sima Qian said in the historical records that "the Duke of Tai went to the state to repair politics, because of his custom, simplicity and propriety, and through trade and industry, he benefited from fish and salt, and most of the people came together, and Qi was a big country.". He also said: "Taigong was granted a place in Yingqiu, where the people were few. So Taigong advised his female workers to use fish and salt with great skill.". The state of Qi was founded in the uncultivated grassland and saline alkali areas with a small population. Taigong developed fish and salt industry, textile and handicraft industry and commercial development according to local conditions. Due to the pragmatism and openness of the basic policy, "more people come together.". Qi's population is growing rapidly and its economy is developing rapidly. During the reign of Duke Zhuang and Duke Fu of Qi, these advantages were brought into full play to gather talents from all over the world and open up the source of a rich country. So that the economy of Qi developed rapidly and prospered, and the country was strong.

（2） Long term stability is a favorable condition for economic development

Only when the country is unified and the society is stable can the economy develop rapidly. Political instability and social unrest will inevitably affect economic development. There were more than one hundred years before and after Qi zhuanggong and Fu Gong came to power. Zhuang Gong was the longest monarch in power of Qi for 64 years. He was a wise, promising and capable monarch. With his stable policy, he created a great development environment for Qi. Since then, his son Fu Gong ascended the throne and has been following his road of governing the country. His father and son successively ruled the state of Qi for nearly a hundred years. In this relatively stable period, they seized the opportunity of development, developed their economy and strengthened their national strength. They had relatively strong strength among the vassal states and laid a solid economic foundation for hegemony.

（3） The increase of free citizens has promoted the development of economy

With the development of economy, the free people came into being. The free people of Qi came from two aspects. First, because the policy of Qi was relatively open, the surrounding free people came to Qi to do business, work and farm. Second, in the process of economic development, slaves constantly struggle for freedom. In Jiang Taigong's "due to custom and simple etiquette" during the founding of the people's Republic of China, some slave owners retained the old custom of using slaves. According to Yang Xiangkui's textual research, "Zhou Li" was written by Qi people according to the original archives of Qi state. It describes the well field system. Before the well field system, the land was cultivated by slaves. During the implementation of the well field system, the land was gradually divided into blocks and distributed to the serfs for farming, so that the original slaves gained relatively greater freedom. "Zhou Li · little situ" says: "Naijun land There are seven in Shangdi family, three in Zhongdi family, five in Zhongdi family and five in xiadi family It shows that the well field has been cultivated by households. The new relations of production will inevitably promote the development of production. At that time, agriculture was called "the industry", so the development of agriculture will inevitably promote the development of Commerce, handicraft, fish, salt and other industries, thus greatly increasing Qi's national strength and laying an economic foundation.

Historical evaluation

Shi Bo: "if the country is big and virtuous, it will prosper. Qin Zhong and Qi Hou (LV Gou), Jiang and Ying Zhijun are also big. Will they prosper?"

Zuo Qiuming: "at the end of King Ping, the Qin, Jin, Qi and Chu dynasties flourished, Qin Jing and Xiang took the land of Zhou, the Marquis Wenhou of Jin decided the emperor, Qizhuang and Fu (lvgou and lvlufu) became the little uncle, and chugumao became the first PU."

Chinese PinYin : Qi Zhuang Gong