Huang Gonglue

Huang Gonglue

Huang Gonglue (1898-1931), a native of Xiangxiang, Hunan Province, was a general of the Red Army, a militarist, and one of the early leaders of the Communist Party of China.

Huang Gonglue studied in Huangpu Military Academy and took part in the northern expedition after graduation. In the same year, he joined the Huangpu senior military academy. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1927. In the same year, he participated in Guangzhou Uprising. In 1928, he took part in leading the Pingjiang uprising. He once served as deputy commander of the Fifth Army and commander of the third army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army. In the three anti "encirclement and suppression" campaigns in the central revolutionary base, he has repeatedly made war achievements. He was wounded and killed in the battle in September 1931.

In 2009, Huang Gonglue was rated as "100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China" by 11 departments including the Central Propaganda Department and the central organization department. Together with Lin Biao and Wu Zhonghao, he was known as Mao Zedong's "three valiant generals" during the Jinggangshan struggle.

Life of the characters

Childhood

Huang Gonglue, formerly known as hanhun, was born on January 24, 1898 in Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province. His father, Huang Xiufeng, was a private school teacher. Huang Gonglue studied with his father when he was young. He entered Dongshan primary school at the age of 10. After graduation, he entered Yongfeng primary school. After graduation, he went back to his hometown to teach in private schools in 1914.

Revolutionary years

In 1915, Huang Gonglue joined the Xiang army under the banner of protecting the law. He once worked as a clerical, Chinese teacher and platoon leader in the Xiang army. In the autumn of 1922, Huang Gonglue, together with Li can and Peng Dehuai, was admitted to the Military Academy of Hunan army. After graduating in August 1923, he returned to the 6th regiment of the 3rd Brigade of the 2nd division of Hunan army as the deputy company commander and company commander. In July 1926, the 2nd division of the Xiang army was reorganized into the 1st division of the 8th Army of the national revolutionary army. Because of his bravery in the northern expedition, Huang Gonglue was promoted to major and deputy of the 30th regiment of the 2nd division. In January 1927, Huang Gonglue was admitted to the third senior class of Huangpu Military Academy. In December, Huang Gonglue participated in the Guangzhou uprising led by Zhang Tailei, Ye Jianying and Ye Ting. He joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. In March 1928, Huang Gonglue returned to Hunan Province to serve as the vice principal of the independent 5th division of the National Revolutionary Army and the commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 3rd regiment. He publicized revolutionary ideas among the officers and soldiers. In July, he led the Pingjiang uprising with Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan, and served as the party representative of the 4th regiment of the 13th division of the 5th army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army and a member of the Military Commission of the 5th Red Army of the Communist Party of China. Later, he served as the leader of the 2nd brigade and the 2nd column of the 5th Red Army. In November of the same year, after Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan led the main forces of the five armies to Jinggangshan, he led his troops to stay in Pingjiang and Liuyang to mobilize the masses, launch guerrilla war, and create the Hunan Hubei Jiangxi Soviet area. He organized and launched riots in Maotian, lujiawan, laowuyu, Jinkeng and other places successively, commanded battles in Baisha, Dasheng, Yonghe, eliminated a large number of Kuomintang garrisons and door-to-door groups, and opened up several base areas in Pingjiang, Liuyang, Xiushui, Tonggu and other counties. In April 1929, Huang Gonglue served as the leader of the Red Army detachment on the border of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi. In early September, Peng Dehuai led his troops to return to the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi border region and reorganized with the Red Army detachment into the fifth Red Army. He served as the deputy commander. They participated in the formulation and command of the operations of the red 5 army in opening up the southeast of Hubei to the north and connecting with the Hunan Jiangxi Soviet area to the south, thus expanding the Hunan Hubei Jiangxi Soviet area. In January 1930, Huang Gonglue was transferred to the post of commander of the 6th Red Army. He led his troops in southwest Jiangxi to mobilize the masses, develop the revolutionary armed forces, establish the Soviet regime, and connect the scattered guerrilla areas into large revolutionary bases. In June of the same year, he served as the commander of the 6th army of the 1st Red Army, member of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Committee, and later led his troops to fight in Wenjia City, Changsha, Ji'an, etc. In July of the same year, Mao Zedong led the 4th and 12th Red Army to southwest Jiangxi again, joined the 3rd Red Army and established the 1st Red Army of Chinese workers and peasants. Huang Gonglue's headquarters directly accepted the command of Mao Zedong and Zhu De. In the first to third counter "encirclement and suppression" campaigns in the Central Soviet Area, Huang Gonglue carried out the strategic policy of luring the enemy in depth, commanding the Red Army 3 to fight bravely and repeatedly made contributions. In the battle of Longgang, we repulsed the successive attacks of the 18th division of the Chinese Kuomintang army. In the battle of Futian, we cooperated with our brother troops to annihilate most of the 28th division and one brigade of the 47th division of the Chinese Kuomintang army. In the battle of laoyingpan, we annihilated the independent Brigade of the 9th division of the Kuomintang army.

Heroic sacrifice

On September 15, 1931, Huang Gonglue led his troops to take part in the fangshiling pursuit war and annihilated the 52nd division of the Chinese Kuomintang army. Huang Gonglue was attacked by enemy planes in liudu'ao, Donggu, Ji'an, on the way of transferring his command forces. He was shot several times and died at the age of 33.

Character achievement

Huang Gonglue, Peng Dehuai and other generals launched and led the Pingjiang uprising, which effectively promoted the development of the revolutionary struggle on the border between Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, and established the revolutionary base in southwest Jiangxi, laying the foundation for the establishment of the Central Soviet area. The Red Army under the command of Huang Gonglue played an important role in the first anti encirclement and suppression campaign, which made the first anti encirclement and suppression campaign arranged by Chiang Kai Shek a complete failure. In the second anti "encirclement and suppression" campaign, it disrupted the command system of the Kuomintang army, annihilated the third division of the Kuomintang Industrial Company, and won the first victory of the next five battles and five victories.

member of family

Anecdotes and allusions

punish one 's own relations in the cause of justice

In the summer of 1931, after the second "encirclement and suppression" of the Chinese Kuomintang army was smashed by the Red Army, Chiang Kai Shek appointed Huang Hanxiang, the cousin of Huang Gonglue, as the Xuanfu envoy to the Soviet area to "appease" and split the Red Army. Huang Hanxiang sent Huang meizhuang, Huang Gonglue's elder brother, as a lobbyist, and gave him a personal letter from Chiang Kai Shek to Huang Gonglue, asking them to go to the Soviet area to persuade Huang Gonglue to surrender. Huang Gonglue, without hesitation, broke with Huang meizhuang, and requested that Huang meizhuang be sentenced to death. Huang's confession should be printed and distributed to all the armies in order to educate the troops to be more alert to the revolution.

Capture Zhang huizan alive

On December 28, 1930, Zhang huizan led the 18th division, known as "Iron Army division", to Longgang, preparing to invade Junbu, which was more than 30 li away from Longgang. Huang Gonglue led the third Red Army to attack from the front, facing the leading troops of the 18th division led by Zhang huizan. At dawn on the 30th, the 7th, 8th and 9th divisions of the 3rd Red Army were hiding in the HUANGZHULING area of Longgang, ready to attack the enemy head-on. In the early morning, Zhang huizan led 8000 troops from the 52nd and 53rd brigades and divisions to invade Junbu from Longgang secretly. Huang Gonglue gave an order, and the sleeping mountains were boiling up. The Red Army soon forced the Kuomintang troops to the river. Some of the Kuomintang troops were killed and some were drowned, which immediately caused chaos. The desperate Zhang huizan hid himself in the grass and was captured by the Red Army. All the officers and men of Zhang huizan's guard battalion surrendered.

Chairman's inscription

In 1930, Huang Gonglue led the Red Army to carry out guerrilla war in the vast areas of Southwest Jiangxi. By the end of 1930, 34 counties in southwest Jiangxi had established red political power. The red area expanded from Nanxiong, Guangdong to Yongxin, Jiangxi, from Xunwu to Xiajiang, 400 Li in length and 300 Li in width. There were more than 30000 party members and 4 million red people. From the original sporadic red separatist area, it developed into a unified leadership area A large red revolutionary base area. Mao Zedong praised it very much, and wrote down the word "butterfly loves flower · from Tingzhou to Changsha": "in June, the heavenly soldiers were fighting against corruption, and the long tassels were trying to bind Kunpeng. On the other side of Ganshui River, there is a red corner, and the teacher relies on Huang Gonglue. Millions of workers and peasants enthusiastically swept through Jiangxi and directly attacked Hunan and Hubei. An international elegy, the wind falls from the sky for me.

Character evaluation

In the summer of 1931, Huang Gonglue led the Red Army to win the battle of Baiyun Mountain. Mao Zedong praised Huang Gonglue as "flying general" in his poems. In September 1931, Mao Zedong commented on Huang Gonglue's life at his memorial service: "the uprising in Guangzhou did not die, the uprising in Pingjiang did not die, but now he died. He hated the disaster from heaven. He made great contributions to the revolutionary war and guerrilla war. He worked hard all his life to teach future generations to follow him." In 2009, Huang Gonglue was rated as "100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China" by 11 departments including the Central Propaganda Department and the central organization department.

Commemoration of later generations

Huang Gonglue's former residence

Huang Gonglue's former residence is gaomuchong, Chaoyang village, Guihua Township, Xiangxiang City, 44 kilometers away from Xiangxiang City. In 1983, Hunan Provincial People's government announced that it was a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit. The former residence is located on the tiger mountain, covering an area of 1200 square meters. It is a ten thousand shaped bungalow with green walls and tiles. It was built by Huang Gonglue's grandfather. In 1896, Huang Gonglue got five houses, 113 square meters. In 1986, the Hunan Provincial People's government funded the restoration of the former residence, which was destroyed. The former residence was displayed according to its original condition, and two auxiliary exhibition rooms were added to introduce Huang Gonglue's life and achievements. 81 photos, 4 paintings and 31 objects were displayed. Yang Shangkun inscribed the plaque of "former residence of Comrade Huang Gonglue". Nie Rongzhen, Wang Zhen, Deng Yingchao, Yang Dezhi, Zhang Aiping, Pu anxiou, Guo Moruo, Li Jukui, etc. wrote inscriptions for their former residences, which attracted many visitors.

Gonglue Infantry School

In the autumn of 1931, the fifth Cadet of the Red Army University, the headquarters of the first front army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, began training in Ducheng county. In October of the next year, in order to strengthen the construction of the Red Army's military cadre team and quickly train more red army commanders at the grass-roots level to meet the needs of the rapidly growing Red Army, the headquarters of the Red Army decided to expand the number of cadets and set up a military school on the basis of the fifth Cadet regiment of the Red Army University. According to the establishment at that time, this school was the second Infantry School of the Red Army. Soon after, in memory of Huang Gonglue, commander of the third Red Army, who died in the battle, he was named the Red Army Gonglue Infantry School. The school is located in Changcun primary school in Ducheng county (now the old campus of Chengguan primary school). Its principal is Lin Ye, its political commissar is Chen Tiesheng, Zhang Jichun and Li Fangyuan, and its training minister is Han Jizhen. Its education and training

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