Cui Qi

Cui Qi

Cui Qi, born in Baofeng County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province, is the sixth Chinese American to win the Nobel Prize. He is a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a founding member of the Hong Kong Academy of Sciences, and a Chinese American scientist.

He graduated from Peizheng middle school in 1957. In 1958, he went to the United States for further study and studied at Augustana college, Illinois; in 1967, he received a doctor's degree in physics from the University of Chicago. Professor, Department of electronic engineering, Princeton University since 1982. In 1984, he won the Buckley prize for physics of condensed matter. In 1998, he explained the special phenomenon of electron quantum fluid and won the Nobel Prize in physics. He was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2000. In 2004, he was elected to the National Academy of engineering. In 2005, he was employed as honorary professor of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Professor Cui Qi has made a series of groundbreaking achievements in low dimensional electronic system physics, integer and fractional quantum Hall effect (iqhe,; FQHE), strongly correlated electronic system physics and quantum devices.

Character experience

Born in Baofeng County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province on February 28, 1939, he graduated from primary school and went to Peizheng middle school in Hong Kong.

In 1957, he graduated from Peizheng middle school.

In 1958, he went to the United States for further study. In 1967, he received a doctor's degree in physics from the University of Chicago, and then worked in Bell laboratory. Since 1982, he has been a professor at Princeton University, engaged in the research of basic properties of electronic materials. Cui Qi is the sixth Chinese American Nobel laureate after Li Zhengdao, Yang Zhenning, Ding Zhaozhong, Li Yuanzhe and Chu Diwen. Childhood and his mother's profound influence on him: "when I was a child, I was farming, mowing and herding cattle in the countryside. I was lucky to graduate from middle school, but my mother was farsighted and illiterate, but she insisted that I go to school." Cui Qi's mother Wang Shuangxian is a native of Xiaoqi Township, Baofeng County, Henan Province.

At that time, the Wang family was a well-known rich family nearby, with hundreds of acres of fertile land. The former residence of the Wang family covers several acres from the gate building to the backyard. Wang Shuangxian is the only girl in the family. She has been gentle and kind since she was a child. She doesn't like to compete with others in everything. She loves to work alone and quietly. Originally, Wang Shuangxian had plenty of opportunities for reading and writing. However, her father insisted on the old adage that "a woman without talent is virtue" and refused to let her and her three brothers go to a private school for education. Wang Shuangxian doesn't know many words, but it doesn't affect her broad vision and broad mind.

In the autumn of 1961, he entered the Department of physics at the University of Chicago for postgraduate study.

In 1967, he received a doctor's degree in physics from the University of Chicago, and then worked in the famous Bell laboratory.

In 1968, he worked in the solid state electronics laboratory of Murray Hill Bell laboratory, New Jersey, USA.

Since 1982, he has been a professor in the Department of electronic engineering of Princeton University, mainly engaged in the research of basic properties of electronic materials. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.

In 1984, he was elected to the American Academy of Sciences and won the Buckley prize for condensed matter physics in the same year.

On October 13, 1998, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that the 1998 Nobel Prize in physics would be awarded to Cui Qi, German scientist Horst steimer and American scientist Robert Laughlin for their discovery and explanation of the special phenomenon of electronic quantum fluid. In the same year, he won the Benjamin Franklin prize in physics.

In 1999, he received the honorary doctor of Science degree from the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

In June 2000, Cui Qi was elected a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In 2004, he was elected to the National Academy of engineering.

In 2005, he was employed as honorary professor of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Cui Qi's main academic interest is to study the properties of electrons in metals and semiconductors. His research will be applied to the development of more powerful computers and more advanced communication equipment.

In 2015, he was elected a founding member of the Hong Kong Academy of Sciences.

Main achievements

Achievements in scientific research

On October 13, 1998, Cui Qi, a Chinese American scientist, discovered that the interaction of electrons in a strong magnetic field and ultra-low temperature can form a kind of quantum fluid with special properties (many electrochemical processes occur at the solid electrolyte interface, while corrosion often occurs at the solid gas and solid liquid interfaces, so interface physics and surface physics have great practical significance as well).

The discovery of electron quantum fluid phenomenon is a major breakthrough in the field of quantum physics, which has made an important contribution to the development of new theories in many branches of modern physics. Cui Qi won the famous Franklin prize in the United States. Cui Qi said on his own website on the Internet that his main academic interest is to study the properties of electrons in metals and semiconductors. His research will be applied to the development of more powerful computers and more advanced communication equipment.

Professor Cui Qi is very concerned about the development of science and technology in China. At the beginning of the reform and opening up, he visited China to give lectures, introduced the latest research hotspots of science and technology in the world, suggested that China should carry out the research of two-dimensional electronic system physics and low dimensional quantum system physics, and actively promote the implementation of the Sino US memorandum of cooperation on atomic, molecular and condensed matter physics.

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Award winning record

Honorary recognition

He was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2000.

Personal life

home education

When Cui Qi was born, her mother was 41 years old and her father was 42 years old. Cui Qi ranks the fourth with three sisters: Cui Ying (later renamed Huiqiu), Cui Ke and Cui Lu. At that time, the concept of "there are three kinds of unfilial deeds, and having no future is the greatest" was still deeply rooted. Moreover, Cui Qi's father Cui Changsheng was the eldest in the Cui family. Therefore, Cui Qi's birth brought endless joy to the family. Even so, the mother didn't coddle her only son. Cui Qi helped her family when she was a little older. He helped his father to work in the fields, spreading fertilizer, hoeing and watering during the busy farming season. In the slack farming season, he mowed the donkeys at home, and then went to the nearby woods to collect firewood, or helped his father clean up the courtyard walls. Mother knows that people must be able to bear hardships and love labor, otherwise they will grow up to be lazy. At the same time, his mother also taught him to be modest no matter when and where he went and how capable he was. Only in this way can he get respect from others. The mother demonstrated for her son. She always treats people with sincerity and treats all her neighbors equally. Young Cui Qi is brilliant and versatile. When he was ten years old, he would not be able to write a triangle or a trapezoid. At that time, there was a famous old accountant with a radius of tens of miles, who deliberately found a piece of land (equivalent to irregular triangle) nicknamed "yiganqi" to be difficult for him. As soon as the data of each side is measured, Cui Qi will tell the result, and everyone will stick out his tongue.

Emotional marriage

Cui Qi's wife, Linda, is a Norwegian American. They met at Augustana college and later met again at the University of Chicago. Both of their daughters have studied Chinese since childhood.

Character evaluation

Cui Qi is also a person with wide interests and all-round development. He is interested in many things. At that time, he not only did well in physics, biology, chemistry, Chinese and English, but also loved playing basketball and singing. When graduating from University, a classmate commented on Cui Qi as follows: "six feet tall, gifted, intelligent, good at homework, and good at country, English and mathematics, but confused about everyday things, five cents should be one.". When writing, the ink is flying, the handwriting is like grass, conducting music, and fighting. The singing is moving, and the posture is beautiful and graceful. (online review of Chinese papers)

Cui Qi, on the one hand, is rigorous and dedicated to his favorite physics research career. He likes doing physics experiments, and often devotes himself to research when necessary. Sometimes, for the need of experimental research, he can go all over Boston and Florida to find a strong magnetic field to carry out his "quantum liquid experiment", and he works very hard He paid little attention to other things around him, so that his research work was excellent and efficient. (Dahe online review)

Chinese PinYin : Cui Qi