Xu Shu
Xu Shu
Xu Shu? (about 230's), character straight, Yingchuan people (now in Changge City, Henan Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei was a counselor under his account, and later returned to Cao Cao.
Xu Shu's real name is Xu Fu, a son of a poor family. In his early years, he avenged others and changed his name to Xu Shu after being rescued. Later, he took refuge in Jingzhou with Shi Guangyuan of Tongjun County, and had close contacts with Sima Hui, Zhuge Liang and Cuizhou. When Liu Bei settled in Xinye, Xu Shu went to join him and recommended Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei. When Xu Shu went south, he bid farewell to Liu Bei because his mother was won by Cao Cao and entered Cao Ying. Later, the story was artistically processed into allegorical sayings such as "Xu Shu entered caoying without saying a word", which was widely spread. Xu Shu was praised as a model of filial son. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Wei Dynasty, Xu Shu Guan went to youzhonglang general and Yushi Zhongcheng.
Life of the characters
Xu Shu's real name is Xu Fu. He was a poor man.
In the sixth year of Zhongping (189), Xu Shu took revenge on others. Then he spread his hair on his face and ran away. He was caught by the officials. When the official asked Xu Shu what his name was, Xu Shu didn't say a word. So the official tied Xu Shu to a pillar to make it look like he was ready to be dismembered. He drummed the people in the market around him to identify him, but they didn't dare to say they knew him. Later Xu Shu's party members came together to rescue him (later, Xu Fu's real name was still used in Wei Lue, a historical book of the state of Wei). Xu Shu was very grateful, so he stopped dancing guns and sticks, and changed his usual integrity to study.
In 191, Dong Zhuo caused chaos in the capital, which led to the rise of soldiers in Zhongzhou. In order to avoid the chaos, Xu Shu and Shi Tao of Tongjun went south to live in Jingzhou. After arriving in Jingzhou, Xu Shu met Zhuge Liang and had a friendly relationship.
In the sixth year of Jian'an (201), Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao and attached to Liu Biao. Liu Biao stationed Liu Bei in Xinye to resist Cao Cao. Xu Shu took Liu Bei as the imperial relative of the Han Dynasty, and wrote about his faith all over the world. Liu Bei took Xu Shu seriously when he saw him.
In 207, Xu Shu said to Liu Bei, "ZHUGE Kongming is Wolong. Is general willing to see him?" "You can come with him," Liu said Xu Shu said: "this man can be seen, but he can't be wronged. The general should put down his identity and go to see him in person." Therefore, Liu Bei, at the suggestion of Xu Shu, looked at the thatched cottage and sought Zhuge Liang.
In 208, Cao Cao led the army to the south. Liu Biao died. His second son Liu Cong took over Jingzhou and sent envoys to surrender to Cao Cao. Xu Shu and Liu Bei lived in Fancheng at that time. After hearing about this, Liu Bei led a group of people to the south. Xu Shu and his family fled with Liu Bei together with Zhuge Liang. They were overtaken by Cao Cao's army on Changbanpo in Dangyang. Xu Shu's mother was captured by Cao Cao's army. In order to protect his mother, Xu Shu said goodbye to Liu Bei and went to caoying.
In the first year of Yankang (220), Xu Shu was listed in Cao Pi's list of persuasion in the name of Xu Fu
In 223, Xu Shu was appointed youzhonglang general and censor Zhongcheng in the state of Wei.
In the second year of Taihe (228), Zhuge Liang led the northern expedition. When he heard that Xu Shu and Shi Tao (sheriff and Diannong Xiaowei) were not very high in official positions, he exclaimed, "is it because there are too many counsellors in Wei state? Why don't they reuse Xu Shu and Shi Tao?"
A few years later, Xu Shu died and a stele was found in Pengcheng.
Anecdotes and allusions
Compromise learning
When he was young, Xu Shu liked to practice swordsmanship and uphold justice. Later, he was arrested by the government for revenge. After escaping, he changed his name and went to the Confucian school to study Confucianism. But all the students in tongshe disliked Xu Shu's previous behavior as a thief and refused to work with him. Xu Shu got up very early every day. He cleaned up by himself. No matter what he did, he asked others' opinions first and studied Confucianism seriously. Gradually, Xu Shu was very proficient in Confucian classics and righteousness, and he got to know Shi Tao of the same county. They were like each other and later became officials in the state of Wei.
VS process
In 208, Xu Shu fled with Liu Bei. His mother was captured by Cao Cao. Xu Shu said goodbye to Liu Bei, but Liu Bei couldn't bear it. Xu Shu said to Liu Bei, "I wanted to create a king's career with the general, but now my mother is captured by Cao Cao. I'm in a mess, and it's not helpful for the general, so I'm afraid that's why I ask to say goodbye to you from now on. " Liu Bei had no choice but to agree, so Xu Shu went to Cao Ying to save his mother, and Shi Tao of the same county went with him.
not to utter a single word
"Xu Shu entered caoying without saying a word", the allusion comes from the literary work romance of the Three Kingdoms. Xu Shu became Liu Bei's military adviser by way of self recommendation, but he was cheated by Cao Cao's counselor Cheng Yu. Later, Cao Cao's troops attacked Fancheng, where Liu Bei was stationed, in eight ways. At Liu Ye's suggestion, Cao Cao sent Xu Shu to Fancheng to persuade Liu Bei to surrender. However, Xu Shu told Liu Bei that the army was coming and asked Liu Bei to prepare early. Liu Bei wanted to stay with Xu Shu, but Xu Shu was afraid that people would laugh at him. He refused on the ground that Liu Bei had Zhuge Liang to help him. He told Liu Bei that although he was in Cao Cao's camp, he vowed not to offer a plan for Cao Cao.
After "Xu Shu entered caoying" and "Guan Yu came down to caoying", it evolved into the idiom "body in caoying, heart in Han".
Living in seclusion in fairyland
It is said that there is an island called guziyang in the Northeast sea of Lingshan mountain. There is a kind of white winter flower on the island, which is as big as the two hands. A good man went to pick up this kind of flower. On his way back, he met an old man in a boat, wearing a Taoist robe with sandals. The old man asked him, "what do you do?" The good man answered truthfully, and the old man immediately scolded, "this is not a common thing in the world. It can be left for people to resist the cold in winter." The old man told him, "there is a Taoist named Hu Yiyang in Jimo. You can greet him for me." Then the old man disappeared. The good man was very surprised, so he set up a bamboo raft to return. But suddenly there was a strong wind, and it didn't stop until the man threw away all the flowers he had picked. Later, the man went to Hu Yiyang and told him what he had seen and heard. Hu Yiyang told him, "that man was Xu Shu in the Three Kingdoms period. He has lived in seclusion in guziyang for a long time."
Character evaluation
Zhuge Liang: first, those who take part in the contract should gather all the people's thoughts and be loyal and beneficial. If it's too far away, it's hard to go against it. If you disobey it, you will get it. If you abandon it, you will get it. However, the bitterness of people's heart can not be exhausted, but Xu Yuanzhi is not confused. In addition, Dong Youzai had been in the office for seven years, but there was nothing wrong. As for the ten evils, he came to inform us. Gouneng's admiration for the eleventh year of Yuanzhi's reign, and Qingqu's devotion to the country, can be less than liang's. ② In the past, when I first met Zhou Ping, I often heard about the gains and losses. Later, I paid Yuan Zhi and frequently saw Qi Jiao.
Yin Yishang: Xu Yuanzhi's counselor in Western Shu, Guan Yunchang's powerful general in Liu's family, must be sent immediately after returning. He knows how to rebel against Fu Zhui. What's the difference between today's and ancient times?
Xi Zhengya: looking at Longzhong in the west, I want to sing the song of Wolong; looking at Baisha in the East, I think of the voice of Phoenix; facing Fanxu in the north, I keep the height of Denglao; looking at Tanxi in the south, I think of the wind of Yanggong; looking at Yuliang everywhere, I think of the friends of Cui Xu; looking at the distance between the two virtues, I wander and move the sun, I feel melancholy, I feel hesitant and cry. It is said that if it is Wei Wuzhi's wine, sun Jianzhi's death, Peidu's former residence, and fanwang's old residence, the remains still exist, and the stars are everywhere. How can ordinary people feel their square feet!
Luo Guanzhong: hate Gao Xian no longer meet, Linqi cry two strong feelings. The words are like spring thunder, which can make Nanyang rise to Wolong.
Feng Menglong: Xu Shuzhi is not at last zhaolie, but his mother survives. Ling's mother does not bend the sword, and Ling's mother is also commoner.
Li Pan: if the mausoleum returns to Chu, Xu Shu can't be a complete minister. If the mausoleum doesn't return to Chu, Zhao Bao can't be a filial son.
Commemoration of later generations
Hat peak
Maomao peak, located in Yuchi village at the southern foot of Dazhu mountain in Jiaonan City, Qingdao, is one of the many dangerous peaks in Dazhu mountain, with an altitude of 223 meters. The top of the mountain is abrupt and precipitous. It is broad and uplifted. It looks like a hat, so it is called hat peak. Hat peak is tall and steep, not easy to climb. Standing on Maomao peak, you can see Lingshan island in the East, Langyatai in the west, the sea in the South and Dazhu mountain in the north. It is said that Xu Shu once lived in seclusion in Jiaonan. In his early years, there was a Xu Shu temple at maomaofeng. The temple is square, 3.5 meters on each side and 4 meters high. It is a simple and elegant building with cornices, brackets and green tiles. Inside the temple, there is a clay statue of Xu Shu in the front, a incense table in the middle, and murals on the walls, which are full of incense in the past dynasties; outside the temple, there is a shed in the north, which is said to be the place for Xu Shu to read books and watch the sea. The temple has already collapsed, but its foundation is still clearly visible. There are still several holes in the canopy. When Xu Shu lived in seclusion along the coast of Jiaonan, he used his intelligence to do many good things for the local fishermen. In memory of him, people built Xushu temple on maomaofeng. Although the Xushu temple has collapsed, the local people still have special feelings for the hat peak, which is full of incense. Every March 3 and September 9, fishermen climb the peak to pray. Every Spring Festival, people in nearby villages bring offerings and set off firecrackers here to cherish the memory of Xu Shu and pray for peace.
Xushu Temple
Xushu temple, also known as Xugong temple, is located in the northeast corner of Nanzhang County, Hubei Province. There is an ancient and elegant building complex, which is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. The whole building of Xushu Temple faces south and covers an area of 2000 square meters. The existing building was built in the first year of Jiaqing (1796) of the Qing Dynasty. In 1812, Ren Haifu, the garrison, erected a stone plaque of "the hometown of Xu Shu in the Han Dynasty" and made a statue of Xu Shu. Now there are mainly archways, halls and main halls, which are the Han style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the hall, a vivid statue of Xu Shu is hung on the partition fan, and a couplet is attached on both sides: "I sing to myself in Xinye, but I don't say a word in caoying.". On the base of the main hall, a statue of Xu Shu at night is displayed with a high pole oil lamp beside him.
Artistic image
Literary image
In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Xu Shuhua wanted to take refuge with Liu Biao in Jingzhou, but after seeing Liu Biao, he thought that Liu Biao was good and evil, so he left a letter to say goodbye to him and went to Sima Hui
Chinese PinYin : Xu Shu
Xu Shu
