Fu Zuoyi

Fu Zuoyi

Fu Zuoyi (June 27, 1895 - April 19, 1974), born in Ronghe, Shanxi Province, was a general of the national revolutionary army. He is a famous Anti Japanese general and a progressive National Party member.

He entered Taiyuan Army primary school in 1910.

He took part in the 1911 Revolution

. He studied in the fifth infantry section of Baoding Military Academy in 1915. After 1924, he served as head of the eighth regiment of the fourth brigade of the Jin army and commander of the fourth division.

He took part in the northern expedition in 1927

. Next year, he served as commander in chief of the Fifth Corps of the third group army and commander of Tianjin police. In 1930, he took part in the Central Plains war and settled in Suiyuan after failure. He was appointed in 1931

Jin Suijun

The 35th army commander, chairman of Suiyuan provincial government, etc.

At the beginning of November 1936, Bailingmiao campaign was launched and the puppet army in Suiyuan was eliminated, which defeated the Japanese plot to invade Suiyuan. During the Anti Japanese War, he served as commander in chief of the seventh group army. During the war of liberation, he served as commander in chief of North China's "suppression". In January 1949, Beijing was peacefully liberated, the ancient cultural capital of Beijing and all its precious historical buildings were well preserved, and the lives and property of 2 million Beijing citizens were saved from war.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as a member of the Central People's government,

Ministry of water resources

Minister of water resources and electric power, vice chairman of the fourth CPPCC National Committee and vice chairman of the National Defense Commission. He served as Minister of the Ministry of water resources (later the Ministry of water resources and electric power) for 22 years and made important contributions to the development of water conservancy in New China.

He died of illness in Beijing on April 19, 1974 at the age of 79.

Life of the characters

Before the Anti Japanese War

Early experience

He was born in Anchang village, Ronghe County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province on June 27, 1895.

In 1905, he entered the primary school of Ronghe County, and the examination results of all subjects were among the best. He entered Hedong Middle School of Yuncheng in 1908.

In 1910, he was admitted to Taiyuan Army primary school and was influenced by the bourgeois democratic revolutionary thought led by Sun Yat Sen. In October of that year, the revolution of 1911 broke out in Wuchang. In response to the uprising in Taiyuan, Fu served as the student platoon leader of the uprising army, and went to Niangziguan with Yao, commander in chief of the uprising army, to resist the Qing army.

In 1912, Fu Zuoyi was escorted from Taiyuan Army primary school to the first army middle school in Qinghe town, Beijing. In addition to studying military courses, he had a strong interest in famous battles in history, such as the battle of Pu in Jin and Chu cities, the battle of Gao in Chu and Han cities, and the battle of Chibi in sun and Cao.

In 1915, Fu graduated with excellent results and was promoted to the fifth infantry section of Baoding military academy. All the four major courses of infantry, shooting, equestrian and so on, with excellent examination results.

Join the Jin Army

In September 1918, after graduating from Baoding military academy, Fu Zuoyi returned to Shanxi Province to join Yan Xishan's Shanxi army, and served as a second lieutenant trainee of the 1st regiment of the 1st mixed Brigade (brigade commander, Shangzhen) of Shanxi Army (CAI rongshou, commander of the 10th independent artillery regiment).

In January 1919, the 10th Infantry Regiment (commander Cai rongshou) was promoted to lieutenant platoon leader. In November, he was promoted to captain battalion of 2nd Battalion.

In March 1921, he was promoted to the rank of major of the 10th regiment, deputy regiment commander and technical team leader.

In 1922, he was promoted to deputy commander of the regiment and leader of the regiment technical team, responsible for the technical training of the whole regiment. He served as battalion commander in 1923 and often subsidized his salary in military training, which won the trust of officers and soldiers.

In August 1924, the second Zhifeng war broke out. Yan Xishan cooperated with the Zhili and led the Jin army to capture Shijiazhuang. Fu Zuoyi's excellent performance as a guard was praised by Zhang peimei, former commander in chief of the Jin army, and he was promoted to head of the 8th regiment of the 4th Brigade. In October, general Feng Yuxiang, together with Hu Jingyi and Sun Yue, launched a coup in Beijing and reorganized the headquarters into the national army.

In January 1925, he was promoted to head of the 8th regiment of the 4th Brigade (brigade commander Xie Lian).

In September 1926, he was promoted to major general brigade commander of the 4th Brigade of the 2nd Division (division commander Kong fanwei). In December, the 4th Brigade was expanded to the 4th division (one brigade and one regiment) and promoted to the rank of lieutenant general.

In January 1927, Zhifeng united with Jin army to attack the national army. Tianzhen on Ping Sui railway is the only way for the national army. The 8th regiment of Fu Zuoyi was stationed in Tianzhen by the Jin army. It took three months for the song Zheyuan Department of the national army to attack Tianzhen, but it failed to capture Tianzhen. This showed Fu Zuoyi's ability to defend the city. After the war, he was promoted to the commander of the 4th Brigade and the commander of the 4th division.

In 1928, the north and the South were unified. Fu Zuoyi led the fourth division attached Artillery Corps to attack Zhuozhou. At the beginning of October, Fu Zuoyi took advantage of the opportunity of Fengjun's change of defense, went deep into Fengjun's hinterland from Taiyuan, and seized Zhuozhou at one stroke, causing a fatal threat to Fengjun. However, the main forces of the Jin army were defeated repeatedly and withdrew from the Beijing Han and Beijing Suiyuan railway lines one after another. Zhuozhou became the only stronghold in the siege of Fengjun. Fu Zuoyi had to stick to the policy of waiting for help. Fu Zuoyi, as a helpless teacher with less than ten thousand people, stayed in Zhuozhou for a hundred days. In view of the meaninglessness of Yan Xishan's insistence on Zhuozhou, he urged Fu Zuoyi to make peace with Fengjun. After a round-trip compromise, the negotiation was completed. On December 30, Fu Tongdian announced: "stop military operations, change the military forces into national defense forces, and no longer take part in civil strife" (Guowen weekly, Vol. 5, No. 2). On January 12, 1928, 7000 people from the remnant of the fourth division left the city to accept the adaptation of Fengjun.

The battle of Zhuozhou is a famous battle in the urban offensive and defensive war in the modern military history of our country. Although it was a warlord's scuffle and Fu's army was forced to adapt to the objective situation, Fu's military ability of attacking and defending was recognized by the military circles, which made him famous at one stroke.

Central Plains war

After the battle of Zhuozhou, Fu Zuoyi was under house arrest by Zhang Xueliang in Baoding. On April 25, 1928, with the help of his friends Hou Shaobai and Cui Xiaoru, he absconded to Tianjin. On June 4 of the same year, the four major factions of the Kuomintang, Jiang, Feng, Yan and GUI, won the "Northern Expedition". The Nanjing National Government appointed Yan Xishan as the commander-in-chief of the Beijing Tianjin garrison. In August, Yan appointed Fu Zuoyi as commander in chief of the 5th corps of the National Revolutionary Army and commander of Tianjin police.

In June 1929, he was promoted to commander in chief and commander of the 43rd division of the 16th Route Army.

In April 1930, the 43rd division was expanded to the 10th Army (under the jurisdiction of the 3rd Division), and was promoted to the commander-in-chief of the 2nd Route Army (under the jurisdiction of the 4th, 8th, 9th and 10th armies) and commander-in-chief of the 10th army.

In May 1930, the Central Plains war broke out among Jiang, Feng and Yan. Fu Zuoyi was appointed commander of the 10th army of the 3rd group army of Jin army, and was responsible for commanding the northern section of Jin Pu line. On June 25, he led the Ministry into Jinan and concurrently served as the marketing director of Jinan. The Ministry continued to go south to Yanzhou and Qufu. The Central Plains war ended with Chiang Kai Shek's victory, and Zhang Xueliang was able to take over North China and control the Jin Sui army. At the end of the year, Fu Zuoyi led his troops to move to Suiyuan.

On January 16, 1931, due to the failure of anti Chiang Kai Shek, the 10th army was reduced to the 10th division of the northeast frontier army (under the jurisdiction of two brigades), and was demoted to the post of general and division commander of the 7th Army (under the jurisdiction of two divisions) of the northeast frontier army. On June 17, the 7th Bian army was renamed the 35th army, the 10th Bian division was renamed the 73rd division, and was re appointed the commander of the 35th Army (under the jurisdiction of the 72nd and 73rd divisions) and the commander of the 73rd division (under the jurisdiction of the two brigades). August 18 acting chairman of Suiyuan provincial government. On December 28, he was the chairman of the provincial government and the commander of the provincial security command.

Anti Japanese Period

Actively resist Japan

In 1931, the September 18th Incident took place. On September 28th, more than 50 northern generals, including Fu Zuoyi and song Zheyuan, sent a telegram to "call on all parties in the country to unite, work together, and work together.".

On January 3, 1933, the Japanese army occupied Shanhaiguan, opening the prelude of the Great Wall Anti Japanese war. On January 5, Fu Zuoyi sent a telegram to Yan Xishan, Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai Shek to join in the Anti Japanese war. On the 15th, in the name of the chairman of Suiyuan Province, he issued a letter to the people of the whole province, calling on compatriots across the province to "rise up to save the country and resist aggression.". On the 25th, he was ordered to lead his troops from Suiyuan to the East and set out for the front line of Anti Japanese war. In early February, Fu's troops were organized into the 7th Corps in Zhangjiakou. Fu Zuoyi was the commander in chief, and the number of the 35th army was temporarily changed to the 59th army. On May 22, the first Xiyi unit of the 8th division attacked Fu Bu position under the cover of aircraft and artillery. Fu Zuoyi personally came to command, and all the officers and men were determined to fight bravely with the spirit of sacrifice. However, just as Fu Jun was beating the stubborn enemy and fighting bravely, Huang Ying accepted the Japanese armistice conditions in Peiping on the evening of the 23rd. He Yingqin immediately ordered Fu Bu to stop fighting and withdraw from the position. When Fu Zuoyi received the order of armistice and retreat, he was extremely indignant and asked, "how can there be a crime against Japan?" "We can withdraw only if Japan withdraws first, otherwise we will never withdraw." After negotiation, both sides withdrew at the same time, Fu Cai angrily ordered the withdrawal. So the last war of the Great Wall ended. In this campaign, 246 Japanese soldiers were killed, 367 Chinese soldiers were killed and 484 wounded. Fu Zuoyi was deeply saddened by the dead officers and soldiers. Later, he sent special personnel to transport the remains of the dead officers and soldiers back to Sui (today's Hohhot City), bury them at the foot of Daqingshan, build a monument, and engrave the names of the martyrs on the monument to express his sorrow.

On April 3, 1935, he served as the second rank General of the army. He was awarded the second class Baoding medal on June 27.

In April 1936, the chief of staff of the Japanese Kwantung Army, seihiro Tanigaki, openly fled to Guisui, where Fu Zuoyi presided over the pro Japanese regime in North China. Fu Zuoyi was furious at the Japanese invasion and surrender in Suiyuan and the German King's act of splitting the motherland and treason. In October of that year, Fu went to Luoyang to see Chiang Kai Shek and insisted on fighting back against the Japanese army and Mongolian traitors in order to uphold national justice. When Chiang Kai Shek wanted Fu to give priority to forbearance, he had to be patient

Chinese PinYin : Fu Zuo Yi