Zhukov

Georgi konstantinovich Zhukov

Georgi konstantinovych Zhukov (Russian: Γ́οοοόοοοοοοοοοόοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοο.

Zhukov was born on December 1, 1896. On January 18, 1943, Zhukov was awarded the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union. He was the first commander of the Soviet Union who won this honor in the Soviet German war. Because of his outstanding contributions in the Soviet German war, Zhukov was recognized as one of the best generals in the Second World War, and thus became one of the only two men who won the title of hero of the Soviet Union for four times.

On June 18, 1974, Zhukov died of illness at the age of 78.

Early life

Childhood family

Georgi konstantinovich Zhukov was born on December 1, 1896 (November 19, Russian calendar) in a poor family in terlekovka village, Kaluga Province.

His father, Kang andrevich, was a shoemaker, and his mother, U. algeyevna, worked on the farm. He has a sister, the family has only one house, the house is too small to accommodate a family of four living at the same time. Zhukov once said to himself, "it's better to squeeze to death than to freeze to death." Life is very hard. As a child, Zhukov studied in a church primary school.

The road to growth

After graduating from primary school, his father took him to Moscow to learn crafts. He worked as an apprentice in his uncle's fur workshop. Work is very tired, but he insisted on self-study, night close to the dim light in the toilet to do homework. In 1913, he took part in the examination of all the courses in the municipal middle school and got qualified results. In August 1915, Zhukov enlisted in the cavalry and took part in the first World War. After nearly two years of fighting with the Germans at the front line, he was promoted to corporal and won two Georgi cross medals, one for the capture of a German officer and the other for serious injury.

Fight bravely

After the outbreak of the October Revolution, he joined the Red Army and the 4th regiment of the 1st division of the Moscow cavalry. On March 1, 1919, he was absorbed into the Bolsheviks. In the era of defending the young Soviet Republic and fighting with enemies at home and abroad, he quickly grew into an excellent Red Army commander. He fought with the Cossack White army in the Ural River Valley, fought with the White army of dunikin and gorchak, and took part in the battle to eliminate the Antonov gang. He was injured in his left foot and left rib in the battle of zarizin. He was seriously injured in the first World War at jepnaya railway station. By the end of the civil war, he had been promoted to commander of the cavalry company.

Step by step

In April 1923, at the age of 26, Zhukov was promoted to head of the 39th cavalry regiment. In July 1924, he was admitted to Leningrad higher cavalry school with excellent results, and got the opportunity of further study. He devoted himself to his studies with a "fervent thirst for knowledge". Whether it is indoor map work or outdoor tactical exercises, he is always conscientious and assiduous. He also used holidays to survey the terrain near Leningrad. When he graduated, he returned to the army on horseback without taking a train. It took him seven days and nights to survey the terrain from Leningrad to Minsk.

From 1924 to 1930, Zhukov entered the advanced training class of the famous volongzhi Military Academy in Moscow. His classmate bagramijan, a famous militarist and later a Soviet field marshal, recalled: "Zhukov is absolutely outstanding among us. He is not only resolute and tenacious, but also resourceful and insightful. During his study, he often put forward some unexpected views, which are amazing. Zhukov was promoted to brigade commander of the 2nd cavalry brigade in February 1931, and was appointed deputy director of the cavalry general department in February 1932. He served as division commander of the 4th Cavalry Division in March 1933, commander of the 3rd and 6th cavalry armies from the autumn of 1937 to the spring of 1938, and promoted to White army after a short period of military adviser in China in 1938 Deputy commander of the Russian special military region.

War

War against Japan

In September 1939, the Japanese army carried out armed provocation in the halaha river area, and the situation in the Far East was tense. Zhukov was appointed commander of the first Soviet group army in Mongolia to command the war against Japan. In a short period of time, he successfully organized and carried out the battle of halaha river. At a small cost of 9000 people killed and missing in the battle, he won the so-called annihilation of more than 50000 enemy people (8717 Japanese lost in the battle) and Japan's concession in territory. In this battle, Zhukov showed his ability of command and organization. He was good at coordinating the actions of infantry, artillery, tank and air forces, boldly carried out circuitous encirclement, and unexpectedly annihilated the main force of the enemy. His theory of concentrated use of tanks has also been confirmed in actual combat. Zhukov's return to Moscow was praised by the whole country and won the title of "Soviet hero". In May 1940, he was promoted to general ahead of time and was soon appointed commander of Kiev special military region, the largest military region in the Soviet Union. On January 11, 1941, Zhukov became the chief of the general staff of the Soviet army. At this time, the international situation has become tense. In accordance with the instructions of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party, Zhukov began to reorganize the Soviet army, improve military training, and strengthen preparation for war.

Kiev campaign

On June 22, 1941, Germany tore up the Soviet German non aggression treaty and sent 5.5 million troops to invade the Soviet Union. The German army attacked in three ways: Leningrad in the north, Moscow in the middle and Kiev in the south. The Soviet Army rushed to the battle, suffered heavy losses, failed to block the German army, lost the city and land. The German army advanced 300-600 kilometers in three weeks. In late July, the southward German army was only 15 to 20 kilometers away from Kiev. Stalin ordered Kiev to stay. Zhukov, chief of the general staff, urged that Kiev be abandoned and the southwest front army be withdrawn to the other side of the Dnieper River, so as to avoid being encircled by the German army, preserve its strength and try to counterattack again. Stalin refused to accept Zhukov's suggestion, dismissed him from the post of chief of general staff and demoted him to commander of the reserve army. Two months later, the southwest front army was surrounded by the German army in Kiev. Stalin realized that Zhukov's idea was correct, but it was too late. 660000 people of the southwest front army were surrounded and annihilated, and Kiev fell (see Kiev campaign).

return to the battlefield

Zhukov took over the command of the reserve army on July 31, 1941. By this time, the middle German army had occupied Smolensk (see Smolensk campaign), cut off the Minsk Moscow Road, and completed the encirclement of 12 divisions of the 16th, 20th and 19th Soviet army. The Soviet Army transferred 20 additional divisions and launched an attack from roslavli and bere in an unsuccessful attempt to recapture Smolensk. The 16th and 20th army of the Soviet Union also failed to break through. The supreme commander of the Soviet army put Zhukov's reserve army into the battle of Smolensk, and ordered Zhukov to take back the yelinia bulge. Zhukov launched an attack with 10 divisions of the 24th group army on August 30. On September 8, he recovered the yelinia bulge and advanced 25 kilometers westward. This was the only battle that the Soviet army won in the battle of Smolensk. After this battle, all the three front armies of the Soviet Army turned to defense. The battle of Smolensk is over.

Stalin was very satisfied with Zhukov's victory in the yelinian bulge. He summoned Zhukov and asked him what his plans were. "Back to the front line!" Zhukov replied. Lenin's commander in command of Stalingrad immediately. On September 10, 1941, Zhukov flew to Leningrad. As soon as he got off the plane, he went straight to smornie palace, the seat of the Military Council of the Leningrad front army. Zhukov's arrival interrupted the meeting of the military committee of the front army. People were discussing what Leningrad would do if it fell. There was no special procedure for the transfer of command between Zhukov and former commander voroshlov. Zhukov just handed Stalin's note to voroshlov. "Hand over the headquarters of the front army to Zhukov, and you will fly back to Moscow immediately," the note said Zhukov immediately reported to the supreme command by special line telephone, "I have taken over the command."

Defending Leningrad

The first decision made by the military committee of the front army under the leadership of Zhukov was to hold Leningrad even when the last person was in the war. Zhukov's slogan is: not Leningrad is afraid of death, but death is afraid of Leningrad. Never consider what to do if Leningrad falls. Leningrad cannot fall! Zhukov quickly adjusted his deployment and took various effective defensive measures. He transferred the anti-aircraft artillery troops to the uplands of uritsk Pulkovo and used them to fight tanks. He also concentrated all kinds of artillery, including naval guns, in key areas for unified use. On September 14, 1941, Zhukov reported to Moscow by special telephone: "as of this evening, our army has constructed a artillery system on the enemy's way forward, including naval guns, anti-aircraft guns and other artillery. We're concentrating mortars, too. I think tomorrow morning, we can form a dense artillery barrier in the main direction to work with the infantry. The infantry are here today

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Ke Fu