Hu Yaobang

Hu Yaobang

Hu Yaobang (November 20, 1915 - April 15, 1989), male, Guoguang, was born in Liuyang, Hunan Province. He was a long tested and loyal communist fighter, a great proletarian revolutionist and statesman, an outstanding political worker in our army, and an outstanding leader of the party for a long time.

He served as chairman of the CPC Central Committee and general secretary of the CPC Central Committee from June 1981 to January 1987.

Life of the characters

He joined the Communist Youth League of China in 1930 and worked in the Hunan Jiangxi Revolutionary Base in the same year.

At the beginning of 1933, he was transferred to the central revolutionary base and successively served as the Minister of propaganda department, Minister of youth department and vice minister of Propaganda Department of the general alliance against imperialism and supporting the Soviet Union. He became a member of the Communist Party of China in August of the same year. Later, he served as Secretary General of the Central Bureau of the CPC. During the Long March, he worked in the central working group and the local working department of the Political Department of the third Red Army Corps.

In 1935, he served as secretary of the general Party branch of the 13th regiment of the fifth division of the third Red Army Corps. After the long march to northern Shaanxi, he continued to serve as Secretary General of the Central Bureau of the CPC.

Since April 1936, he has been the vice minister and Minister of the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, the Minister of the propaganda department and the Minister of the organization department. In April 1937, he served as the first team of the second phase of the Anti Japanese military and Political University. In September of the same year, he served as deputy director of the Political Department of the Anti Japanese university.

In 1938, he served as political commissar of the first brigade of the Anti Japanese university.

In 1939, he was transferred to the post of deputy director of the Organization Department of the General Political Department of the CMC, and later concurrently served as the director of the political department directly under the CMC.

Since 1942, he has been the head of the Organization Department of the General Political Department of the CMC. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he went to Shanxi, Chahar and Hebei, and successively served as the acting director of the Political Department of Jire Liaoning military region, political commissar of the fourth column and political commissar of the third column of the field army of Shanxi, Chahar and Hebei military region. He took part in the battles of baodingnan, Zhengtai, Qingcang, Shijiazhuang, chanansuidong, etc.

In the summer of 1948, he served as the director of the Political Department of the first Corps (later changed to the 18th Corps) of the North China Field Army. He took part in organizing and commanding campaigns in Taiyuan and Baoji.

In September 1949, as a representative of the Chinese New Democratic Youth League, he attended the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. After the founding of new China, he served as secretary of the CPC North Sichuan District Committee, political commissar of the North Sichuan Military District, and director of the North Sichuan administrative office.

In the autumn of 1952, he served as the Secretary of the Central Committee of the New Democratic Youth League of China.

In 1956, he was elected as a member of the Eighth Central Committee at the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

He was the first Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China in 1957.

Since November 1964, he has been the Second Secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the first Secretary of the Shaanxi provincial Party committee. He was persecuted in the cultural revolution. After returning to work in 1975, he served as head of the party organization of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Because of the organization and leadership to rectify the work of the Academy of Sciences, it was once again criticized wrongly.

He has been vice president of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee since March 1977. In August of the same year, he was elected as a member of the 11th CPC Central Committee at the 11th CPC National Congress, and at the end of the same year, he served as the director of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee.

On May 10, 1978, under the direct guidance of Hu Yaobang, the article practice is the only standard for testing truth was published in the 60th issue of theoretical trends magazine of the Central Party school, which was later reprinted in the full text by Guangming Daily. It triggered a nationwide discussion on the standard of truth, which played an important role in bringing the ideological theory out of chaos and reestablishing the Marxist ideological line It plays an important role and has far-reaching influence.

In December 1978, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the third secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection at the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

In February 1980, he was elected member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee and general secretary of the CPC Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.

In June 1981, he was elected chairman of the Central Committee at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee. In September 1982, he was elected standing member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and general secretary of the CPC Central Committee at the first plenary session of the 12th CPC Central Committee.

In January 1987, he resigned as general secretary of the CPC Central Committee at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. In November of the same year, he was elected a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at the first plenary session of the 13th CPC Central Committee. He is a member of the Standing Committee of the first, second, third and Fifth National People's Congress and a member of the second and third National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference.

On April 8, 1989, while attending the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Hu Yaobang suffered from a large area of myocardial infarction. After rescue, he failed and died on April 15.

In December 1990, Hu Yaobang's ashes were buried in Gongqing City, Jiangxi Province. Comrade Qiao Shi saw them off at the airport, accompanied by Wen Jiabao and Yang Dezhong, and met Mao Zhiyong, Wu Guanzheng and other comrades at the airport. In 1961, Mao Zedong talked with Wang Renzhong and Hu Yaobang in Wuhan

Character contribution

false and wrong cases

In 1975, when Deng Xiaoping came back for the second time to preside over the work of the Central Committee and launch the campaign of "comprehensive rectification", Hu Yaobang was appointed to be the main person in charge of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He resolutely carried out Deng Xiaoping's instruction of "comprehensive rectification" in the scientific and technological front, launched a tit for tat struggle with the "Gang of four" in order to correct the chaos of the "Cultural Revolution", and made remarkable achievements. He was praised by the broad masses of cadres and masses, and was praised as the first of Deng Xiaoping's "four cadres".

On October 7, 1977, the first anniversary of the smashing of the gang of four, the people's Daily published an article written by several comrades of the Central Party school on the basis of Hu Yaobang's opinions, which called for "we should dare to break through the resistance, and all the slanders imposed on cadres must be overturned, and the reversed cadre line is right and wrong." We must correct it. After receiving more than 10000 letters from the central authorities and the masses, they expressed their support for the article within a very short time. On December 10 of the same year, Hu Yaobang was appointed director of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee. Following the party's principle of seeking truth from facts and correcting mistakes, he led all comrades in the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee to open up a new situation of redressing unjust, false and wrong cases and implementing the party's cadre policy through a large number of serious and practical investigations and studies.

After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Hu Yaobang left the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, but as the Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee, especially when he was elected as the general secretary of the CPC Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee in 1980, he still played an important role in vindicating unjust, false and wrong cases. During this period, the CPC Central Committee successively rehabilitated he long, Wu Lanfu, Peng Zhen, Tan Zhenlin, Luo Ruiqing, Lu Dingyi, Yang Shangkun and other comrades who were persecuted in the "Cultural Revolution". He also successively vindicated Peng Dehuai, Tan Zheng, Xi Zhongxun, Huang Kecheng, Deng Zihui and other comrades who had been wrongly criticized before the "Cultural Revolution". Qu Qiubai, Zhang Wentian and Li Lisan, the early leaders of the party who had been wronged for many years, were rehabilitated one after another. In particular, the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee decided to completely rehabilitate Liu Shaoqi. After a lot of painstaking and painstaking work, by the end of 1984, the nationwide large-scale work of bringing order out of chaos and rehabilitating unjust, false and wrong cases had basically ended. During this period, nearly 5 million people were involved in the review of all kinds of problems nationwide, including about 2.9 million cases under the review of neutral cases in the "Cultural Revolution". 1.88 million cases left over from history before the "Cultural Revolution" were corrected, about 3 million cadres' unjust and wrong cases were rehabilitated, 547000 rightists were reviewed and corrected, 125000 Right opportunists were corrected, and more than 470000 CPC members were restored to their party membership, In addition, tens of millions of cadres, masses and relatives involved have solved the problem that has affected 100 million people.

At the time of Hu Yaobang's death, the obituary of the CPC Central Committee specially mentioned: "in 1978, as the organization Minister of the CPC Central Committee, he did a lot of work to set things right, redress unjust and wrong cases, and implement cadre policies. He showed extraordinary courage and courage to seek truth from facts, and made indelible contributions."

Open a discussion on the standard of truth

On December 15, 1977, Shao Huaze's article was published in the 31st Journal of theoretical trends, with the title of style of writing and route of cognition. This article not only puts forward the concept of cognitive line, but also emphasizes that "the standard of truth can only be social practice".

On December 2, 1977, at the Party committee of the Central Party school, Hu Yaobang clearly proposed to use the practice standard to test and summarize the "Cultural Revolution". Practice is the standard of testing truth, which is the common sense of Marxist philosophy. However, Hu Yaobang did not put forward the standard of practice in general, but had clear pertinence and exclusiveness. He said: the history of the past ten years should not be analyzed on the basis of any document or comrade's speech, but should be tested by practice. Hu Yaobang denied the once popular standard of red headed documents, especially the standard of "supreme instruction".

Hu Yaobang guided the students to write the study documents and organized the discussion among them. According to the discussion, the theoretical research office of the Central Party school decided that sun Changjiang should write the article "practice is the only standard for testing truth". The publication and extensive reprint of this article has aroused strong repercussions, and the whole society has started a big discussion on the standard of truth. Deng Xiaoping firmly supported and expounded the practice standards in his speech at the political work conference of the whole army.

Open up the situation of reform and opening up

In February 1980, at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Hu Yaobang was elected member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and general secretary of the CPC Central Committee. Hu Yaobang served as general secretary of the CPC Central Committee for seven years. With arduous spirit and courageous strategy, he organized and implemented the line and policy of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, and made great contributions to the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

He presided over the formulation and implementation of a series of principles and policies of rural reform, which promoted the rapid development of China's rural economy, and he participated in the formulation of the CPC Central Committee on economic system

Chinese PinYin : Hu Yao Bang