Zhang Daqian

Zhang Daqian

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Chang Dai Chien (May 10, 1899 - April 2, 1983) was originally named Zhengquan, but later changed his name to yuan. His name was Ji Yuan, and his name was Daqian. He was also called Daqian. He was a resident of Xiali Hong Kong, and his name was Dafeng hall. Neijiang, Sichuan, born in Panyu, Guangdong Province on May 10, 1899, was born in a scholarly family in anlianli, suburb of Shizhong District, Neijiang City, Sichuan Province. He is a Chinese ink splasher and calligrapher.

In the 1950s, Zhang Daqian traveled around the world and gained great international reputation. He was praised as "the pen of the East" by the western art circles.

He and his second brother, Zhang ShanMa and Kunzhong, founded the "Da Fengtang school", which is the most legendary ink splasher in the 20th century Chinese painting. His painting style is like Yu Youren's and Li Zhimin's cursive, elegant and meaningful. Especially in landscape painting. After living abroad, he combined painting style with work and writing, and integrated heavy color and ink painting, especially splashing ink and splashing color, which created a new artistic style. Because his poems, calligraphy and paintings were as famous as Qi Baishi and Pu Xinshe, they were also known as "Southern Zhang and Northern Qi" and "Southern Zhang and Northern Pu". Huang Junbi and Pu Xinshe are as famous as "three families crossing the sea". When he was in his twenties, he grew a big beard, which became the unique symbol of Zhang Daqian in the future. He died on April 2, 1983.

He has exchanged views with Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong, Huang Junbi, Huang Binhong, Pu Ru, Lang Jingshan and Spanish abstract painter Picasso.

Personage introduction

Youth

Born in Neijiang, Sichuan on May 10, 1899. Father Huaizhong, mother Zeng Youzhen, ten brothers, another sister. Xingba, Xiaoba, mingzhengquan, also known as Quan.

In 1904, from sister qiongzhi literacy, read "Three Character Classic" and other enlightenment books. In 1905, he studied calligraphy from the fourth elder brother's writing and read the thousand family poems.

In 1907, she learned painting from her mother, who was good at drawing folk paper-cut flowers. In September 1911, he studied in Neijiang Catholic evangelical school (Huamei primary school). In 1914, he studied in Qiujing middle school in Chongqing and then transferred to Jiangjin middle school.

Youth

In the summer vacation of 1916, I went back to Neijiang on foot with my classmates. On the way, I was kidnapped by bandits and forced to be my master. It took me a hundred days to get out of the den. Dong, betrothed to his cousin Xie Shunhua.

In 1917, he went to Japan to study dyeing and weaving in Kyoto fair school. In his spare time, he insisted on self-study of painting, poetry and printing. His second brother, Zhang ShanMa, is also in Japan.

He returned to Shanghai from Japan in 1919. In autumn, he was taught by Shanghai famous calligraphers Zeng Xi and Li Ruiqing. Zeng Xi took his stage name yuan, which was also called Ji Yuan. He held his first solo exhibition at the Ningbo fellow townspeople's guild hall in Shanghai. All his 100 works sold out and made a big hit. Since then, he has been selling paintings for a living.

After his fiancee Xie Shunhua died, he became a monk in Songjiang Zen temple. Master Yilin, the abbot of Shishi, is named Daqian. After March, it's still popular.

In 1920, he returned to Sichuan and married Zeng Zhengrong. Go to Shanghai after marriage. On September 12 of the same year, Li Ruiqing died of illness at the age of 54. He wrote the poem of Mr. CI Hui and signed it as tijuan. Tijuan is one of Zhang Daqian's early signatures.

In 1921, he borrowed Li Wei's residence in Shanghai. Make friends with Li Qiujun. Qiu Jun's name is Zuyun. He is also known as the owner of Ouxiang Pavilion. Under the influence of the third martial uncle (Li yun'an), he began to imitate Shi Tao's painting. As soon as the album of imitating Shi Tao was opened, Huang Binhong, a senior painter, was deceived.

In 1922, Zhang Xuan's epitaph of the Northern Wei Dynasty was composed of dozens of couplets of four, five, six, seven and eight characters.

In 1923, Zhang Huaizhong and his family moved from Neijiang to Huating County, Songjiang Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. He made friends with Wang Gezhen.

In 1924, ShanMa was transferred to Beijing as a counsellor of the presidential palace. He entered Beijing with his brother for the first time and made friends with Wang Shensheng. Four fan frames of Jin Dongxin, Shi Tao, Ba Da and Jian Jiang are presented to Wang Shensheng. His father Zhang Huaizhong died in Songjiang. In autumn, he was invited to participate in the autumn Ying meeting, a collection of Shanghai literati, and met Xie Yuqin, a poet from Changzhou, and Zheng Manqing, a painter from Shanghai.

In 1925, the first painting exhibition was held in Ningbo Association of Shanghai, hosted by Li Qiujun. There are 100 exhibits, each of which is 20 ocean. All purchasers will number and draw lots.

In 1926, at the request of Duke Meng of Zhou, he made a white portrait of his concubine, Su LAN, and signed it as tijuan. On March 21, 1926, Zhang jijuan's selling paintings was published in Shanghai Shenbao. In midsummer, I met Fang jiekan, a seal cutter from Wenzhou.

In 1927, he wrote a postscript to the little statue of Shi Tao collected by Zeng Xi. In response to Zhang Qun's letter purchase, he successively imitated Shi Tao's and Jin Dongxin's landscape fan in two frames. Yu Youren, He Xiangning, Jing Hengyi, Chen Shuren, Huang Binhong, etc. participated in the "Friends of the cold" painting meeting. In autumn, I visited Mount Kumgang in Seoul at the invitation of Japanese friends. Make love with Korean girl Chi Chunhong.

In 1928, with ShanMa, Matai, Yu Jianhua and Huang Binhong, they organized "lanman society" and published "lanman painting collection". In May, he and ShanMa, Lang Jingshan and others advocated the establishment of "Huang she". Second, he went to Peiping to meet Yu Shuyan. In Chen banding's family, he met Pu Xinshe, an old Wang sun and famous calligrapher and painter. In winter, Chi Chunhong wrote a letter, wrote a long poem "chunniang song" and went to Seoul to meet her.

He returned to Shanghai from Seoul in 1929. Three albums of paintings in Shu were published (three zhangzhe, Zhang ShanMa, Zhang Daqian and his ninth younger brother, Zhang Junshou). He was employed as a member of the national art exhibition office. He made friends with ye gongchuo and met Xu Beihong. He attended the first national art exhibition and made 30 self portraits, which were praised by famous artists in Shanghai.

In 1930, Zeng Xi cooperated with ShanMa in "twelve gold hairpins". In summer, Shanghai Wenming Publishing House published three volumes of dadizi landscape collection collected by Zhang Daqian's Da Fengtang, and Zhonghua Publishing House published Shi Tao monk's landscape collection collected in Da Fengtang. Autumn, participated in the eighth art exhibition of "Tianma club". Zeng Xi died at the age of 70.

In 1931, Fu ZengShi's coffin was buried in Hengyang.

In 1932, he visited Gu's garden in Pudong with ShanMa, Huang Binhong and Xie Yuqin. Huang Binhong's Pingyuan landscape painting and eight poems were presented to each other. He toured Suzhou with ye gongchuo and Wu Hufan and organized the "zhengshe calligraphy and Painting Association". He moved to Suzhou wangshiyuan.

In the Spring Festival of 1933, Zhang Taiyan, ye gongchuo, Chen Shiyi, Li Yinquan and other seniors were invited to gather in wangshiyuan. Xu Beihong organized an "exhibition of modern Chinese painting" to be exhibited in France, in which Zhang Daqian's golden lotus was purchased by the French government.

In 1934, he went north with ShanMa. There is a "butterfly club" in Tingli hall. The participants include Wang mengbai, Yu Feian, he Yanong, Tang Erhe and others. On September 9, a "zhengshe painting exhibition" was held in Zhongshan Park, with 40 of his works. Travel with ShanMa in Huashan. Zhang ShanMa and ye gongchuo joined zhengshe. In winter, Yang Wanjun (stage name: huaxiufang) is the third wife of natianqiao Jingyun drum troupe.

In 1935, he was employed by Xu Beihong as a professor of art at Central University. "Zhang Daqian painting exhibition" was held in Nanjing. He is the same as Xu Beihong, Xie zhiliu and CUHK art science students in Huangshan. His mother Zeng Youzhen died in Langxi. The joint exhibition of Zhang Daqian, Fang jiekan and Yu Feian's calligraphy, painting and seal cutting was held in Beiping. Zhang Daqian's collection of paintings was published by Shanghai Zhonghua Book Company. "Poverty relief cooperation Exhibition" is on display in Beiping.

In 1936, the first solo exhibition was held in Burlington Museum of art. In 1937, "the second national art exhibition" was held in Nanjing, where he was appointed as a censor. He toured Yandang Mountain with Xie zhiliu, Yu Feian, Huang Junbi and Fang jiekan, and cooperated with the painting of Yandang Mountain. Fang jiekan engraved the seal of "people from East, West, North and South". The qilugouqiao incident on July 7 was a difficult place to live in Peiping. He was employed by the Palace Museum as a tutor of the Chinese painting research class.

Middle age

In 1938, the Japanese headquarters in Peking sent traitors to persuade Zhang Daqian to take up the post of puppet. Zhang shied away from Peking in disguise, traveled to Shanghai and Hong Kong, and met Xu Beihong on his way to Guilin. He lived in seclusion in Qingcheng Mountain.

In 1939, Huang Junbi and Zhang Muhan were invited to visit Jianmen. He took long Guoping (Long Zhi) as his entering disciple in Qingcheng. For Zhang Muhan, he wrote the picture scroll of Shu mountain and Qin trees. At the invitation of Huang Junbi, I visited Emei together and wrote the picture of Emei's golden top. He has held art exhibitions in Chengdu and Chongqing.

He met Zhao Wangyun in Chengdu in 1940. I plan to go to Dunhuang and Guangyuan. My brother ShanMa died of illness in Chongqing and went to Chongqing for funeral.

In 1941, a painting exhibition was held in Chongqing. He successively attended the opening ceremonies of "Huang Junbi painting exhibition" and "Guan Shanyue painting exhibition" in Chengdu, and paid a lot of money to order paintings to express his congratulations. Take Yang Wanjun and Zhang Zhiming north to Lanzhou. On the way to Dunhuang, I met fan Zhenxu, a painter in Longzhong. Accompanied by fan Zhenxu, he arrived at Dunhuang and stayed in Dunhuang to copy murals. During the period of copying murals, he peeled and damaged many murals, causing more disasters. Number the Mogao Grottoes. He visited Yulin grottoes and copied murals. He left Yulin Grottoes at the end of the year and went to Xining, Qinghai.

In 1942, he went to Ta'er temple to visit Tibetan painters, and asked about the production technology of large canvas. He took five collectors back to Dunhuang to continue copying the murals. He met Wang Ziyun and others from the northwest cultural relics investigation group. Thank you for your help. At the end of the year, he left Mogao Grottoes with Xie zhiliu and his sons and nephews to visit the thousand Buddha cave and numbered it.

In 1943, the Preparatory Committee of Dunhuang Art Institute held a meeting in Lanzhou. Chang Shuhong, director of the Preparatory Committee, arrived at Dunhuang. On May 1, I left Mogao Grottoes and went to Yulin Grottoes to copy it for more than a month. In August, "Zhang Daqian's exhibition of copying Dunhuang murals" was first exhibited in Lanzhou. In November, he returned to Chengdu. His visit to Dunhuang lasted two years and seven months.

In 1944, the exhibition of Zhang Daqian's copying Dunhuang murals was successively exhibited in Chengdu and Chongqing. There are 44 exhibits. "Zhang Daqian's collection of ancient paintings and calligraphy exhibition" is on display in Chengdu.

In 1945, he led Li Fu to Dazu, Ziyang and Jianyang to inspect Shi

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Da Qian