Luzhi

Huang Tingjian

Huang Tingjian (June 12, 1045 to September 30, 1105), named Luzhi and named Shengquan, was named Qingfengge, Shangu daoren, Gugu Laoren, FUWENG, Fupo, Qianan Jushi and Bagui Laoren. He was known as huangshangu, Huang Taishi and Huang Wenjie. Hongzhou Fenning (Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) is a native of Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. He was the son of Huang Shu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the father of Huang Xiang, a Zhongfeng official in the Southern Song Dynasty. The great filial son of the Northern Song Dynasty is the protagonist of the story of "drowning vessels for cleaning relatives" in "twenty four filial piety". Famous writers and calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty

Jiangxi Poetry School

The founder of the mountain

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Huang Tingjian has made great achievements in poetry, CI, prose, calligraphy and painting. Huang Tingjian, Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi and Qin Guan all studied in Su Shi's school, and they are collectively known as the "four scholars of Su's school". Huang Tingjian's poems are called "Valley style" by Su Shi. Huang Tingjian's calligraphy is unique and has his own family. He is as famous as Su Shi, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang, who are calligraphers of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the literary world, Huang Tingjian was as famous as Su Shi when he was alive. His works include Valley Ci, Yu Zhang Huang's anthology, etc.

In the fourth year of Zhiping (1067), Huang Tingjian was a Jinshi Ji. He successively served as the county magistrate of Yexian County, Professor of Guozijian in Beijing, county magistrate of Taihe County, supervisor of Deping Town, Secretary of shengxiaoshulang, editor of shenzongshilu, school manager of Jixian, editor of national history Bureau, living Sheren, prefect of Xuanzhou, prefect of Ezhou, prefect of Fuzhou, prefect of xuanyilang, magistrate of Ezhou, magistrate of fengyilang and magistrate of Ningguo army, magistrate of chaofenglang and prefect of Shuzhou State, officials wailang, Taiping Prefecture magistrate and other posts. In 1105, Huang Tingjian died at the age of 61. Later, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty presented Huang Tingjian as the "grand Bachelor of LongTuge". In 1265, Emperor duzong of Song Dynasty gave Huang Tingjian the posthumous title Wenjie. Huang Tingjian was an honest official and rigorous scholar all his life.

Life figures

Family background

Huang Tingjian's distant ancestor was Huang Ba, the Prime Minister of the Western Han Dynasty. Huang Han, his tenth ancestor, was a Jinshi in the middle of the Tang Dynasty. Huang Baoren, his ninth uncle's grandfather, was a Jinshi in the great Tang Dynasty. Huang Rong, his eighth ancestor, was the right servant of the Deputy Prime Minister of the great Tang Dynasty. Huang Hao, his seventh ancestor, was a Jinshi in the late Tang Dynasty. Huang Xun, the fifth patriarch, was a Jinshi of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He was a writer of his own and knew Fenning county. Huang Yuanji, the fourth great uncle, was a Jinshi of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He was the first Huang Jinshi of Fenning after he moved to Xiushui, Jiangxi Province from Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. Huang Yuanji, the fourth patriarch, collected thousands of books; Huang Zhongli, the third patriarch, founded Zhitai academy and cherry Academy in Xiushui. He was a famous educator in Yuzhang at that time. His grandfather Huang Shi was a Jinshi of the great song dynasty. Huang Shi was the thirteen brothers. Ten of them were Jinshi, and they were called ten dragons at that time. His father, Huang Shu, was a Jinshi of the Song Dynasty, a famous poet and the governor of Kangzhou. Xiushui Huang family, a family of poetry and calligraphy, passed over ten generations and spread to Huang Tingjian.

Before Huang Tingjian's generation (Shuangjing VII), the Huang family of Xiushui Shuangjing had 18 Jinshi in the Song Dynasty; before Huang Tingjian's generation, the Huang family of Xiushui Shuangjing had 22 Jinshi. Huang Zhongli, Huang Tingjian's great grandfather, set up Shuangjing Huang's family rules before he died. His descendants are called "golden family rules", and the eighth one is reading family rules. Reading is the foundation of sincerity, and it is also the important task to show our ancestors. My family, since the revision of the genealogy today, will continue to be famous and stay, educate the younger generation, master the classics, make the articles clear, and encourage the friendship, so as to become a great tool, so that szhen can study. If it is not easy to pay for it, the village school of Langyan only wants to learn to read, which makes it humble. Instead, it's the first to say that it's worth remembering for my father and brother.

The main idea is: reading is the foundation of cultivating body and mind, and also the most important way to glorify our ancestors. We must invite well-known teachers to educate the younger generation. We must make the younger generation master the Chinese classics and write articles clearly. We should cultivate their sentiment and cultivate their moral character to become useful talents. This is the real reading. The etiquette for teachers should not be arbitrary. If only for the sake of convenience, teachers are paid low salaries, which leads to the delay of village school. Parents only hope their children know a few words, which leads to the breeding of vulgar and vulgar habits of their children, but also damages the reputation of their ancestors. Family elders must attach great importance to this issue.

Huang family of Shuangjing, under the guidance of Huang family rules formulated by Huang Zhongli, has a very beautiful family style of study, and many talented people are on their shoulders. Huang Tingjian has his own family history. Yuan Xie of the Southern Song Dynasty praised that he was a brother who studied in Zhitai Academy on Xiushui. Morality and justice grind together, and talent compete with each other. Huang Tingjian was a scholar. There were 25 Jinshi of Song Dynasty in Shuangjing Huang family. In this way, there were 48 Jinshi of Song Dynasty alone. Now Xiushui Shuangjing village is known as "the first village of Chinese Jinshi".

Original name

In June 1045, Huang Tingjian was born in Shuangjing village, Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). At that time, Xiushui had the custom of "catching Zhou" for babies. Huang Shu followed the custom and let his second son, Sheng Quan (Huang Tingjian's nickname, breast name), catch Zhou. In bow, arrow, paper, pen and other objects, xiaotingjian picked up the brush and was unwilling to put it down. Everyone praised and affirmed that "there is another kind of reading in the Huang family". Huang Shu, Huang Tingjian's father, recorded this event in the collection of felling sandalwood: in the custom of Chu, the son was born one year ago. On his day, he used food, drink, inkstone, ink, gold and silk to make fun of his children, gather his family and enjoy themselves, and make ink first. Seeing the result of his second son's Zhou Dynasty capture, Huang Shu was naturally very happy. He once wrote a poem "teaching rope power and learning books by chance" and recalled that the words were predestined to make ink, and he came to see the official Xiao Mian. He likes to pass pen and inkstone on for a living, but he does not lose his family of poetry and calligraphy. The character knows the name and can give directions, but the writing is not inclined. When the whip does not fall, the thirty dust will supervise your master.

Huang Shu chose the words from ancient books to name his eldest son. He named his eldest son "Dalin". Dalin comes from the "eight kais" in ancient times. Eight kais come from the classic of mountains and seas, the eighteen years of Wengong in Zuozhuan and Shiji. Eight kais are Cangshu, decadent, Taoli, Dalin, Xianjiang, Tingjian, Zhongrong and Shuda. When Huang Dalin was one year old, Huang Shu became a scholar in 1042. Inspired by this, Huang Shu was the second son of Shuquan, named Tingjian. Tingjian was one of the eight kais. Tingjian is the word of gaotao, a sage in ancient times. Gaotao is the good assistant of Emperor Shun and the forefather of justice of the Chinese nation. He is upright and wise. Huang Shu gave his second son great hope. Huang Tingjian has six brothers. The names of the four brothers come from Bakai: big brother Dalin, second brother Shuda and third brother Cangshu. The names of the two brothers come from bayuan: big brother Shuxian and fourth brother Zhongxiong. Eight yuan, Bofen, Zhongkan, Shuxian, Jizhong, Bohu, Zhongxiong, Shubao, Jili.

Huang Shu admired Lu Zongdao, the Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, who was a rightist in the first year of Tianxi (1017). After he took office, he put forward many opinions and suggestions to song Zhenzong on how to inspect the officials and rectify the administration. Song Zhenzong was quite tired of him. Seeing this, Lu Zongdao said to Zhenzong, "Your Majesty, why do you appoint me just to receive remonstrance. I take it as a shame to be in his position and not actually do things. Please go to my office. " Zhenzong was moved by his courage to speak out. He wrote the word "Luzhi" on the wall of the golden hall to let everyone learn from him. Therefore, Huang Shu chose the word "Luzhi" for Huang Tingjian.

Children reading spring and Autumn

When I was young, I was so smart that I could recite it after reading several times. His uncle Li often came to his house, took the book on the shelf and asked him, he didn't know anything. Li Chang is very surprised. He thinks that his studies are progressing rapidly and he is a talent of thousands of miles.

Huang Tingjian, five years old, has recited the five classics. One day, he asked his teacher, "when people speak of the six classics, why read the five?" The teacher said, "the spring and Autumn Annals is not enough to read." Huang Tingjian said, "if you say classics, why don't you read them?" Ten days into recitation, without a word or left. Huang's father, Huang Shu, was pleased with his alertness and wanted to study the imperial examination. Huang Tingjian heard of it and said with a smile, "it's a very good place to do it." Huang Shu especially likes it.

In the third year of emperor you of Song Dynasty (1051), he wrote a pastoral poem: "riding a bull far across the front village, blowing the flute across the bank, how many famous and profitable customers in Chang'an are not as good as you.".

In the fourth year of emperor you's reign of Song Dynasty (1052), he wrote a poem to send people to take the example: "Wan Li Yun Cheng, with his ancestral whip, sent you back to the Jade Terrace. If you ask Huang Tingjian of the old time, he was banished to the world for eight years now."

Study tour in Huainan

In October 1058, Huang Shu, his father, died of illness and was appointed as governor of Kangzhou. Li's mother is the elder sister of Li Chang, a scholar of LongTuge in the Northern Song Dynasty. She is a lady from a big family. She used to be a beautiful woman in the famous countryside. She knows her words and is good at poetry. She decided to send Huang Tingjian to study with his uncle Li Chang and let his uncle discipline Huang Tingjian. In 1059, Huang Tingjian set sail from Mingyue Bay in Shuangjing and set foot on the road of studying in Huainan. When the mother and the son left, Li's mother copied down a song "huanxisha" which she had written and put it into Huang Tingjian's luggage. The poem is very beautiful: "the weak rose is low with rain, and the affectionate butterfly flies while the flower is in the air. The flowing water is fragrant and the swallow crows. Nanpu soul sales Spring regardless, Dongyang clothing minus mirror fairy know. The small building is in the moon tonight. "

During his three years with his uncle Li Chang, Huang Tingjian read a lot of books. He not only carefully studied 100 Classics, but also extensively studied the poems and writings of predecessors and modern people, laying a deep academic foundation. Introduced by Li Chang, Huang Tingjian met sun Jue, a famous writer and poet in Yangzhou. In a poetry dispute between sun Jue and Wang Pingfu, sun Jue found Huang Tingjian's talent, appreciated the brilliant young man, and betrothed his daughter (Sun Lanxi) to him. With the help of Li Chang, sun Jue and others, Huang Tingjian made great progress in his studies. Huang Tingjian later recalled: "I teach you, but you are my uncle.".

Two imperial examinations

In 1063, Huang Tingjian took part in the local examination and became the first in the local examination

Chinese PinYin : Lu Zhi