Shen Yuan

Shen Yuan

Shen Yuan (1916.4.28-2004.5.30), born in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, is an aerodynamics scientist and aviation engineer, a pioneer and educator of China's aerospace higher education, and a senior academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

He graduated from Tsinghua University in 1940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China). He received a doctor's degree from Imperial College of London University in 1945 (the 34th year of the Republic of China). He joined the China Democratic League in August 1951 and the Communist Party of China in November 1956. He was elected a member (academician) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

In the early years of Shen Yuan, it was proved that the local supersonic region of normal flow could appear near the cylinder under high subsonic flow, and the existence of limit line began when the Mach number increased to a certain value. It has played an important role in the preparation for the establishment of Beijing Institute of Aeronautics, the determination of school running policy, the establishment of specialty, the formulation of teaching plan, the construction of teachers and experimental conditions, the organization and leadership of scientific research and teaching, and the promotion and application of computer in aerospace. It has taken the lead in creating new majors in the fields of fire and missile in Colleges and universities, and has made important contributions to the cultivation of Aerospace Science and technology talents.

Life of the characters

Shen Yuan was born on April 30, 1916 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. In 1935 (the 24th year of the people's Republic of China), Shen Yuan graduated from Fuzhou Yinghua middle school and was recommended to study in the Department of chemistry of Yanjing University. In 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China), he was admitted to the Department of mechanical engineering of Tsinghua University with the third place. In 1937 (the 26th year of the Republic of China), after the Lugouqiao Incident broke out, he moved to Kunming with Tsinghua University. In 1940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China), he graduated from the Department of Aeronautical Engineering, School of technology, southwest United University and stayed in the university to teach. In 1943, he went to England to study. In the summer of 1945 (the 34th year of the Republic of China), Shen Yuan's doctoral dissertation "theoretical discussion on compressible flow around a cylinder at high Mach number" passed the defense and received his PhD degree at the University of London. In 1946 (the 35th year of the Republic of China), he returned to China and taught in the Department of Aeronautical Engineering of Tsinghua University. In 1948 (the 37th year of the Republic of China), Shen Yuan advanced his research work in aerodynamics from cylinder to the research on the motion law of elliptic cylinder in high subsonic flow, and the theoretical research on the transition of aircraft speed from subsonic to supersonic is closer to the actual shape of the wing. In April, he published his paper "the flow of compressible fluid around an elliptic cylinder at high subsonic speed", which is published in the science report of Tsinghua University, Vol.5, No.1. After 1949, he was the dean of the school of Aeronautical Engineering, Tsinghua University. In 1950, Shen Yuan returned to Beijing. Professor Shen Yuanren was hired by the Institute of mathematics led by Hua Luogeng and Tsinghua University. In 1951, Tsinghua University established the school of Aeronautical Engineering, and Shen Yuan was appointed president. In October 1952, he participated in the establishment of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (renamed Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1988) and served as vice president. In 1956, he participated in the formulation of the national long-term plan for the development of science and technology, foresaw the urgency of the need for talents in the aerospace industry and the rocket and missile industry, took decisive measures with other leaders of the University, and took the lead in creating a whole set of new majors in the rocket and missile industry in Colleges and universities across the country. Many graduates of these majors have now become the pillars of China's aerospace industry . In 1958, he led all the teachers and students to design and build China's first medium-sized supersonic wind tunnel, which played an important role in teaching and scientific research. In those years, the research and development of light passenger aircraft, sounding rocket, unmanned aircraft and other models all condensed his painstaking efforts and sweat. In 1975, he personally presided over the introduction of the third generation of medium-sized computers from abroad, which laid the foundation for the development of the new discipline of Beihang. In 1980, he took the post of president of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He vigorously carried out the reform of education and teaching, paid attention to improving the quality of teaching, and proposed that the university should be made into an education center as well as a scientific research center. In October 1980, he served as president and Deputy Secretary of the Party committee. Since November 1982, he has served as honorary president of the college. In 1981, he was invited to give a speech at the first International Symposium on aerospace in Paris, introducing China's aerospace achievements and academic activities. In 1982, he actively encouraged the organization of reliability research of Beihang and played an important role in promoting the development of reliability engineering. After he became the honorary president, he was still very concerned about the construction and development of Beihang and put forward many constructive opinions and suggestions. In 1983, Hou Shen Yuan was engaged in the study of China's transportation strategic decision-making, which played an important role in China's decision to set up a project to develop domestic trunk aircraft. He died in Beijing at 21:25 on May 30, 2004 at the age of 88.

Main achievements

scientific research

The purpose of Shen Yuan's research work is to explore theoretically what kind of local supersonic and shock waves will appear when an object is in a high subsonic flow. In this research, in order to make the fluid velocity diagram, we need to do a lot of mathematical operations. At that time, the electronic computer had not yet come out. In more than a year, Shen Yuan relied on the hand computer to carry out a large number of complicated calculations, and finally obtained very valuable results on the motion law of the cylinder in the high-speed air flow. During my study in the UK, the possibility and conditions of the limit line near the cylinder surface under high subsonic flow are proved theoretically and numerically. It is also shown that the local velocity near the cylinder may exceed the sound velocity without shock wave under high subsonic flow. This research achievement is of pioneering significance for understanding the aerodynamic problems in transonic flight at that time, and has attracted the attention of the international aerodynamics community. he has been engaged in aviation engineering education and administration since 1940s. Since the 1950s, he has invested in the construction of new China's aviation universities, tracking the development of science and technology, foreseeing the needs of construction, creating new specialties, building new laboratories, and setting up research projects of frontier disciplines.

Main works

A theoretical investigation of compressible flow around a cylinder at high Mach number. British Aeronautical Research Council Report No. 98731947 < br > 2 Shen Yuan. The flow of compressible fluid around a quasi elliptic cylinder at high subsonic velocity Some aspects of aerospace development in China, proceeding of the first international aerospace symmetry at the Paris airshowjune2-31981. Air Aerospace assessment series, 1982, Vol. 6

personnel training

Shen Yuan taught in Fuzhou Yinghua middle school in his early years. Among the students he taught was Chen Jingrun, who later became a famous mathematician. He was Chen Jingrun's first teacher who began to have a strong interest in "Goldbach conjecture". He has been engaged in the management of higher education for 60 years. Proceeding from the actual and long-term development needs of China's aerospace industry, he has played an important leading role in personnel training, scientific research, teaching staff construction, laboratory construction, etc. At the beginning of the founding of Beihang University, he devoted a lot of energy from the determination of the preparation plan to the formulation of the teaching plan and syllabus, from organizing a large number of young teachers to learn from Soviet experts to the establishment of the teaching organization and system, so that the teaching work of the University was quickly on the right track. In 1978, the national postgraduate enrollment system was restored, and he put forward the policy of "selecting the best candidates, preferring the shortage to the overuse, laying a good foundation, strict requirements, and combining ability training with scientific research tasks". In addition to the heavy administrative work, he also personally guided and trained four graduate students.

Social service

Shen Yuan was a member of the Standing Committee of the Ministry of mathematical physics, a member of the fifth and sixth CPPCC National Committee, a member of the seventh CPPCC National Committee, and a vice chairman of the proposal Committee. He also served as a member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, vice chairman of the Central Committee of science and technology of the Democratic League of China, a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese Association for science and technology, a member of the National Natural Science Awards Committee, a consultant of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and a member of the National Science Foundation He is the chairman of the steering committee of higher engineering mechanics course of the Education Commission, the executive vice president of the European and American Students Association, the special invited member of the science and Technology Committee of the former Ministry of aviation industry, the president of the Chinese aeronautical society, the vice president of the Chinese mechanics Society, the member of the board of directors of the Asian Institute of technology of Thailand, and the first editor in chief of aviation knowledge magazine. Honorary president of China Aerodynamics Research Association, Chinese society of mechanics and Chinese Department of mechanics

Chinese PinYin : Shen Yuan