Guqin art (Zhejiang School)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guqin art (Zhejiang School)

Applicant: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Project No.: 65

Project No.: Ⅱ - 34

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Hangzhou Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Introduction to Guqin art (Zhejiang School)

Applicant: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Guqin, also known as "Qin", "Qixian Qin", also known as "Lvqi", "Sitong", is a kind of flat stringed musical instrument. Guqin art is the oldest, the highest level of art in Chinese history, and the most national spirit, aesthetic taste and traditional artistic characteristics of instrumental music performance form, in addition to solo, also includes singing and playing both Qin song and Qin Xiao ensemble. According to the archaeological data, the shape of Guqin was complete in Han Dynasty. Through the creative development of daiqin people and literati, Guqin art has become more and more mature and perfect. It is closely related to social life, history, philosophy and literature. It has made great achievements in the accumulation of repertoire, playing skills, temperament, inheritance methods and Guqin technology, showing rich humanistic connotation.

The development of this school can be divided into ancient and modern periods. Ancient Zhejiang Guqin art originated in the Southern Song Dynasty, and its founder was Guo Chuwang. Guo's art was handed down to Liu Zhifang, who in turn passed on Mao Zhongmin and Xu Tianmin, thus forming the Zhejiang School, which played an important role in the piano industry at that time. After that, Xu Tianmin inherited the Guqin art of Zhejiang School for four generations in the yuan and Ming Dynasties, and pushed it to the peak. After entering the Qing Dynasty, the Guqin art of Zhejiang School gradually declined.

The rise of modern Zhejiang Guqin art is closely related to Xu Yuanbai. Xu Yuanbai's Qin skill was really passed down by master Da Xiu of Qin family in the late Qing Dynasty, and his theoretical thought mainly originated from the Qing Dynasty's Zhejiang School's monograph on Qin studies, spring thatched cottage Qin score. In 1939, Xu Yuanbai established "Qingxi Qin society" with Xu zhisun and others in Nanjing, in 1945 with Yang Jiewu and others in Chongqing, and in 1946, he returned to Hangzhou to establish "Xihu monthly meeting" with Zhang Weizhen and others. At the same time, he also compiled "Tianfeng Qinpu" and several pieces of Qin theory, which greatly promoted the revival and prosperity of Zhejiang Guqin art with his own artistic practice and theory.

The performance of Zhejiang Guqin pursues the timbre of "micro, wonderful, round and general", the artistic realm of "clear, micro, light and far" as the goal, and the artistic conception of elegance, tranquility, simplicity and free and easy. There are dozens of classic repertoire, including Guo Chuwang's Xiaoxiang Shuiyun, Mao Zhongmin's Fishing Song and Qiaoge, Xu Tianmin's zepanyin, etc., and there are more than ten kinds of Zhejiang style music scores, such as Zixia cave score, xiawai score, Wugang score, etc. Ancient Zhejiang Guqin art has made great achievements. According to historical records, "there are three kinds of Guqin exercises in modern times: Jiang, Zhejiang and Fujian." Those who learn Zhejiang gymnastics are ten or six or seven. " Zhejiang School also made great achievements in performance, piano theory, piano making and score making. At present, the Guqin art of Zhejiang School mainly takes Xihu Qin club and Xiaying Qin hall as platforms, and most of the activities are spontaneous. If we don't take effective measures to protect them and let them live and die on their own, we are likely to repeat the mistake of the ancient Zhejiang School from prosperity to decline.

Chinese PinYin : Gu Qin Yi Shu Zhe Pai