Su Opera

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Su Opera

Applicant: Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Item No.: 199

Project No.: Ⅳ - 55

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Jiangsu Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Protection unit: Suzhou Suzhou opera transmission and learning Protection Center

Introduction to Su Opera:

Applicant: Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Su opera is a combination of Huagu tanhuang, nanci and Kunqu Opera, which is popular in southern Jiangsu and Northern Zhejiang. Its predecessor, sutan, is a kind of folk art form of sitting around and singing. In 1912, Bai Nan CI had a simple form of disguised performance. In 1941, Zhu Guoliang founded a new type of Su opera troupe of Guofeng in Shanghai, trying to develop Bai Nan CI into an independent opera, Su opera, and let Su opera and Kun Opera perform together. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Soviet opera grew up healthily.

There are three main sources of Su opera's musical singing, one is Kunqu Qupai, the other is nanci, and the third is tanhuang tune. Deeply influenced by Kunqu Opera, the music style of Su opera is graceful, delicate and moving, while retaining the popular and fluent charm of sutan. Its accompaniment is mainly erhu, with Jiangnan Silk and bamboo. There are dozens of traditional tunes commonly used, such as Taiping tune, Xiansuo tune, Feijia tune, Chai tune, enchantment tune, yinjiaosi tune, liushuiban tune, etc. in addition, there are some folk songs from Kunqu Opera, such as yijiangfeng tune, dianjianglip tune, suonanzhi tune, yudiao Paige tune, etc., and Suzhou folk songs, such as chundiao tune, qipoyu tune, dajiulianhuan tune, xiaojiulianhuan tune, etc., as well as adagio tune , Allegro, loose board, etc.

The roles of Su opera are basically the same as those of Kunqu Opera. At present, there are foreigners, Lao Sheng, Fu Mo, Guan Sheng, Jin Sheng, pheasant Wei Sheng, poor Sheng, Lao Dan, Zheng Dan, Zuo Dan, Si Dan, Wu Dan, Liu Dan, Jing, Fu, Chou and so on. Actors often have several lines at the same time. For example, Lao Sheng also plays foreigners, Fu Mo, vice and Chou, Zheng Dan also plays Zuo Dan, Si Dan, Wu Dan, Liu Dan and so on. Su opera's performance also fully draws lessons from Kunqu Opera's experience, graceful and colorful, meticulous and vivid.

The traditional repertoire of Su opera is the same as that of Su Tan in disguise, which can be divided into two categories: front beach and back beach. The vast majority of Qiantan plays originated from Kunqu Opera, with xixianji, mudanting, Hongli, Lankeshan, yuzanji, xiuru, Xilou, zhanhuakui and yujiale as their representative plays. They were mainly performed in Zhezi opera, with the plot and dialogue basically the same as Kunqu Opera, and the lyrics were changed from long and short sentences to easy to understand seven character sentences . In order to adapt to the characteristics of poor dance of the actors of Su opera, they sometimes change the plot moderately. Houtan's plays are adapted from Kunqu Opera and other operas, as well as time tunes and current affairs passages sung by Chou solo. Jiaoge, Zhang San's borrowing boots, Songshou, visiting relatives and scolding each other, selling grass hoard, eating fast and visiting eighteen sceneries are all representative plays of Houtan.

As the foundation and soul of Suzhou opera, Suzhou tanhuang has a long history, profound tradition and rich resources. Suzhou opera itself is closely related to Kunqu Opera in literature, music, performance and other aspects, which fully reflects the characteristics of Suzhou culture. In recent years, the popular culture and modern art have had a great impact on the Soviet opera, the audience has been reduced sharply, and the troupe is hard to survive. It is urgent to rescue and protect this important local opera.

Chinese PinYin : Su Ju