Xiqin Opera

Name of Chinese national intangible cultural heritage: Xiqin Opera

Applicant: Haifeng County, Guangdong Province

Item No.: 191

Project No.: Ⅳ - 47

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Guangdong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Haifeng County, Guangdong Province

Protection unit: Xiqin opera art inheritance center of Haifeng County

Brief introduction to Xiqin Opera:

Applicant: Haifeng County, Guangdong Province

Xi Qin opera, also known as Luantan opera, is popular in Haifeng, Lufeng, Chaoshan, Southern Fujian and Taiwan. In the Ming Dynasty, Xiqin opera from Northwest China flowed into Lufeng and combined with local folk art, forming Xiqin opera in the early Qing Dynasty.

Xiqin opera's musical singing style is the plate type change style of Qi Yan antithesis, and the tunes can be divided into four types: main line, xipi, Erhuang and minor. The main line is the main tune of Xiqin opera, which can be divided into three types: two sides, flat and Bangzi. Xiqin opera singing and Bai opera use Zhongzhou rhyme, men and women have the same tone, men sing the real voice, women sing the false voice. The band is divided into "wenpan" and "wupan". Wenpan uses touxian, Erxian, Sanxian, Yueqin, suona, haotou and other musical instruments, while wupan mainly uses percussion instruments such as gongs and drums.

The performance style of Xiqin opera is rough and bold, vigorous and passionate, and it is good at martial arts opera. Its martial arts skills are based on the southern school martial arts. Xi Qin opera characters are divided into "Da Mian Xing", "Da tou Xing", "Wang Zhui Xing" and "Qi Jun Xing". Da Mian Xing includes red Mian, Wu Mian, Chou, etc.; Da tou Xing includes Zhengdan, Huadan, Lanshan, Pojiao, etc.; Wang Zhui Xing includes Laosheng, Wensheng, wusheng, Gongmo, etc.; Qi Jun Xing includes Wu Jun, Red Army, etc. There are more than 1000 traditional operas of Xiqin opera, among which the most influential ones are gong Keji, Sanguantang, baozhuchuan, horse peddler and so on, thirty-six head operas such as Da Li Feng, qipanhui, seventy-two outline operas such as zhezhengen, Huiyao, GE nenniang, Qin Xianglian, Zhao's orphan and so on《 West Lake and other plays are also popular with the audience.

The artistic factors of Xiqin opera, an ancient opera, are preserved in Xiqin opera, which is a living evidence of the spread and evolution of the local opera tune in Qing Dynasty, and has high research value. At present, there is only one troupe registered in Xiqin opera of Haifeng County, with more than 50 artists. The traditional repertoire and the traditional characteristics of the leading, percussion, Qupai, props, etc. are on the verge of extinction. The situation of talent shortage is very serious, and the rescue and protection work is imminent.