Buyi folk song (Haohua hongdiao)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Buyi folk song (Haohua hongdiao)

Applicant: Huishui County, Guizhou Province

Item No.: 611

Project No.: Ⅱ - 112

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Guizhou Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Huishui County, Guizhou Province

Protection unit: Huishui Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Introduction to Buyi folk song (Haohua hongdiao)

Applicant: Huishui County, Guizhou Province

Buyi Nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in southern China. They mainly live in Qiannan and Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefectures, Anshun and Guiyang. There are many kinds of Buyi folk songs, including ancient songs, narrative songs, love songs, wine songs and labor songs. There are many singing forms, such as solo, duet, chorus and duet. There are two kinds of tunes in Buyi folk songs: "major" and "minor". Major is used in formal occasions such as weddings and funerals, and its tone is high and attractive; minor is often sung on moonlit night or when "catching up with the watch" to talk about love, with soft and lively tone.

Haohuahong tune is a love song sung by Buyi people. It originated from Buyi villages in haohuahong Township, Huishui County, Guizhou Province. It is widely spread in Huishui, Qingyan, Huaxi, Longli, guiding and other areas. This tune has been sung among Buyi people since the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 200 years.

"Haohua" in Haohua hongdiao refers to the Chenopodium flower that can be seen everywhere in the fields of Buyi village. In the past, Buyi people sang this tune mainly to contact feelings and find the right person, so they had to choose the occasion instead of singing it casually. When men and women sing love songs to each other, they usually sing songs of respect for guests first, then greeting songs, and then love songs. When singing to the "28 railings", the two sides gradually tried to find out that their feelings were quite harmonious. That is to say, "haohuahong" was the song's head and they sang to each other's heart's content.

The melody of Haohua hongdiao is simple, which belongs to feather mode folk song, including four sentences and two passages. The lyrics are composed of seven words and four sentences. The tune is composed of "6, 1, 2, 3, 5" five notes. The second section repeats the first section to form a parallel section. The melody has been unfolding around "6" and moving very actively. The last two sections end on the tonic.

In the development process of more than 200 years, Haohua hongdiao inherits the original tune of Buyi folk songs, and absorbs the seven character and four sentence style of Han folk songs, and gradually forms Huishui folk songs with unique regional style. Together with major, minor, major and minor, Haohua hongdiao becomes the representative of Buyi folk songs. Its simple, bright, melodious and melodious tunes and fresh, concise and far-reaching lyrics show the healthy life interest of Buyi people, and at the same time become the image confirmation of the change of Buyi traditional culture. Haohua hongdiao has been popular among Buyi people for a long time and has far-reaching influence. At present, great changes have taken place in the social basis for the survival and development of Haohua hongdiao. In addition, most of the singers have died one after another. This original Buyi folk song has few inheritors, and its prospects are worrying, so it is urgent to rescue and protect.