Heixiazidao Town, Fuyuan City, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province

Heixiazi Island town

Heixiazidao town belongs to Fuyuan City, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province. The town has 2 administrative villages, with a total area of 238 square kilometers and a registered residence of 580 people.

Heixiazidao town is located in the northeast of Fuyuan City, Heilongjiang and Wusuli River confluence of the triangle area, East, North and Russia across the Wusuli River, Heilongjiang, West and Tongjiang Township, adjacent to Wusu town in the south.

On July 24, 2019, heixiazidao town was selected into the list of strong agricultural towns in 2019.

Historical evolution

From 1431 (the ninth year of Yongle) to 1433 (the eighth year of Xuande), the eunuch of the Ming Dynasty also lost. He led a large fleet of ships through Heixiazi Island ten times.

In 1854, the Qing government set up Kalun (border guard) at the mouth of the Wusuli River in the northeast corner of the island. It is under the jurisdiction of Fuyuan city of Heilongjiang Province in China's administrative divisions.

On May 28, 1858 (April 16, the eighth year of Xianfeng), the tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the "Sino Russian juanhui treaty" and seized 630000 square kilometers of land north of Heilongjiang.

In 1860, it was forced to sign the Treaty of Beijing, which stipulated that the eastern section of the border between China and Russia should be bounded by Heilongjiang and Wusuli River, and the north of Heilongjiang and the east of Wusuli River should belong to Russia. The treaty also forcibly occupied more than 400000 square kilometers of Chinese territory. It covers 1.6 million square kilometers of China.

In 1884, it was transferred to fukejin association to lead Yamen to send troops to garrison.

In 1901, 15 families including Feng Delu, Ge Yunshan and defk (Hezhe nationality) went to live on the island.

In 1927, a family of five, Zhu Ruichen, a resident of Fuyuan City, moved to Heixiazi Island, where he raised two horses and cultivated some land.

At the beginning of 1928, the governor of Suiyuan county (now Fuyuan city) sent people to Heixiazi Island to investigate. It was found that there were 30 Chinese households and 17 Soviet households living on the island. They all made a living by fishing and mowing grass. The Soviet Union did not have any equipment on the island, but sometimes sent troops to inspect the island.

In 1929, in order to regain the right of way of the Middle East Railway built by Czarist Russia in Northeast China, the authorities in Northeast China took back the right of Telegraph and telephone of the Middle East Railway and repatriated the Soviet Union's staff. This triggered a large-scale armed conflict between China and the Soviet Union for the ownership of the Middle East Railway, which is known as the "Middle East Road incident". After the "Zhongdong road incident", Zhu Ruichen and other residents were forced to move down from Heixiazi Island one after another.

At 1:00 p.m. on September 6, 1929, the Soviet army launched an all-round attack on Wusu town. Under the command of Guo Zhankui, the adjutant of the battalion, the officers and soldiers of the 7th and 8th companies of the 2nd Battalion of the 42nd regiment of the 9th brigade of the Northeast Chinese Army rose up to resist. In the evening, Wusu town was lost because of being outnumbered, and more than 100 Chinese defenders were killed. The town of Wusu was in ruins under the Soviet artillery fire.

On September 29, 1929, during the armed conflict, the Soviet Union occupied Heixiazi Island. On December 20 of the year of defeat, Zhang Xueliang sent representatives to sign the Boli agreement with the Soviet side. This is the largest "conflict" between China and the Soviet Union in history. As a result, the "Middle East Railway Incident" returned to the origin, that is, the Soviets regained the "right to work" on the Middle East Railway. However, the good territory of China, Heixiazi Island, became a treasure of the Soviet Union.

After September 18, 1931 (the September 18 Incident), the Japanese Kwantung Army confronted the Soviet Army along the border, and Heixiazi Island became the front position of the Soviet army to defend Boli.

Since 1954, Chinese fishermen can no longer go to the island.

On February 23, 1964, China and the Soviet Union began negotiations on the ownership of Heixiazi Island.

On March 2, 1969 (Treasure Island incident), China and the Soviet Union had a bad relationship, and the Soviet Union began to immigrate to the island.

In October 1999, Russia built a 28 meter high Orthodox Church, a small heliport nearby, and two high-voltage power lines on the island.

In July 2001, a lock dam was built in the middle of Yinlong waterway to protect the slope. In Wusuli River near novo village, there are 107 floating boats, with a total length of 800 meters. There are fixed piers at both ends of the bridge, which can be used by cars.

In July 2001, China and Russia held the fourth negotiation and signed the Sino Russian Treaty of good neighborliness, friendship and cooperation.

On October 14, 2004, the boundary dispute between the two sides was settled. China and Russia have reached an agreement on Heixiazi Island. According to the "supplementary agreement between the people's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on the eastern section of the Sino Russian border" signed by China and Russia, Russia will return all the occupied Yinlong Island, part of the territory of Heixiazi Island, and most of the territory of abakatuzhuzhu on the Erguna river near Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia, to China. China regained half of its sovereignty over Heixiazi Island and obtained 171 square kilometers of land. Among them, Yinlong Island, the second largest, belongs to China because it is located in the northwest of Heixiazi Island. Russia retains the eastern half of greater Ussuri (Heixiazi Island), including chumka village and villas of Russian residents. Russia has also begun to dismantle the island's defense facilities. However, the two sides agreed that the contents of the agreement would not be made public, so the above statement has not been officially confirmed.

In 2005, the Russian State Duma, the Council of the Russian Federation and the National People's Congress of China successively approved the above-mentioned agreements, thus ending the final settlement of the Heixiazi Island and even the Sino Russian border issue. In April of the same year, the Russian government ratified the supplementary agreement. The previous month, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China also adopted a decision on the ratification of the supplementary agreement between the people's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on the eastern section of the Sino Russian border.

On October 14, 2008, the Chinese and Russian governments held the "Unveiling Ceremony of boundary posts in the eastern section of the Sino Russian border" on Heixiazi Island. Half of the territory of Heixiazi Island, which has attracted much attention, returned to China. About 171 square kilometers of land on the west side of Heixiazi Island and its waters were officially assigned to China. China and Russia have reached a consensus to build Heixiazi Island into an island of ecological civilization, cooperation and development, friendship and harmony. So far, not only has the dispute over the territory of Heixiazi Island settled, but the 4300 kilometer long border between China and Russia has also been confirmed.

On July 2, 2018, with the approval of the State Council, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (min Han [2018] No. 110) approved the establishment of Heixiazi Island town in Fuyuan City, with the administrative area of 171 square kilometers on our side of Dongan village, Dongfu village, Dongsheng Village, Tongjiang Township, Wusu Town, Nangang village and Heixiazi Island.

administrative division

Heixiazidao town has jurisdiction over two administrative villages, namely Nangang village and Dong'an village. The people's Government of heixiazidao town is located in Dongji Town, Nangang village.

Note: Dongfu village and Dongsheng Village are natural villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Heixiazidao town is located in the northeast of Fuyuan city and the triangle area where Heilongjiang and Wusuli River meet. It faces Russia across Wusuli River and Heilongjiang in the East and North, Tongjiang Township in the West and Wusu town in the south. The administrative area of heixiazidao town is 238 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

Heixiazi Island is now composed of three islands and sandbanks, including Yinlong Island, Heixiazi Island and Mingyue Island, covering an area of about 335 square kilometers. It is similar to the size of the island country of Maltese and the area of Chongming Island, which is the estuary of the Yangtze River. It is 1 / 3 of that of Hong Kong, 12 times of that of Macao and 500 times of that of Zhenbao Island. The length of the island is 58800 meters and the widest is 14000 meters.

natural resources

plant resources

The town is flat, with a large wetland, mainly growing willow, elm, poplar, oak and forage, river branches crisscross, rich in water and grass.

Animal resources

The main fish are carp, crucian carp, silver carp, white fish, Aohua and so on, which is the only way for salmon to migrate.

population

In 2018, the registered residence population of the black blind Island town was 580.

Politics

Source: < / I >

famous scenery

Heixiazi Island

Heixiazi Island is located in the town of Heixiazi Island, Fuyuan city. It is located in the southwest of the main channel at the intersection of Heilongjiang and Wusuli River in Fuyuan City, China's border with Russia. It is the first place to see the sun in China. The total area is about 335 square kilometers. The East Bank of Heixiazi Island is the political, economic and cultural center of the Russian Far East region and the city of Khabarovsk (Boli), where the Russian Far East military region is located. The island is the natural barrier and gateway of Haba. It is located at the mouth of Wusuli River. It controls the main channel of Heilongjiang River and Wusuli River. It is the throat of Hei River and Wusuli River. Its strategic position is very important. With the smooth return of Heixiazi Island, Fuyuan's location advantage is more obvious, its strategic position is more prominent, and its development potential is greater. Heixiazi Island National Wetland Park is located in the west of Heixiazi Island and the south of the former site of Russian barracks. The park covers a total area of 1.2 square kilometers. The East pole pagoda is located in the East pole corner of Heixiazi Island, Fuyuan City, Heilongjiang Province. The design scheme is that the pagoda adopts octagonal body, Han and Tang style, with a height of 9 floors, 81 meters and 6 degrees. The base of the pagoda is 40 meters × 40 meters square, stacked in two layers. The pagoda is equipped with a circular square with Tai Chi pattern, 171 meters in diameter, representing 171 square kilometers of territory returned from Heixiazi Island; the two poles of the square are respectively equipped with turtles and unicorns.

East pole Plaza

Dongji square, located at the intersection of Fuyuan waterway and Wusuli River, is one of the key scenic spots in Heixiazi Island. Dongji square is a landmark landscape at the easternmost end of China's land territory and one of the key scenic spots of Heixiazi Island. The scenic area covers an area of 36000 square meters, including Hekou square, sun Pavilion, veranda, pole sign, Huabiao, waterside pavilion, boundary monument, quadrupole culture wall, China map, entrance culture stone, cruise ship wharf and Han Dynasty culture stone

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Jia Mu Si Shi Fu Yuan Shi Hei Xia Zi Dao Zhen