Youyi farm, Youyi County, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province

Friendship farm

Friendship farm, located in Youyi County, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province, is managed by Hongxinglong branch of Heilongjiang General Bureau of agricultural reclamation. Friendship farm is known as the first farm in China. It is located in the east of Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province, on the edge of a large marsh in Sanjiang Plain. It is surrounded by Qixing River in the southwest and adjacent to Baoqing county. In the northwest, it is surrounded by piaofeu River and Bianshi River, bordering Jixian and Fujin cities. The remaining veins of Guokui mountain are scattered in the west, becoming a natural barrier to Shuangyashan City and Jixian County. It is the original site of a large area of Sanjiang system The original wasteland and marshland with long-term water accumulation extend to Naoli River Valley and Wusuli River bank.

The site is 56 km long from east to west and 44 km wide from north to south, with a total control area of 1888 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Baoqing County in the East, Jixian County in the west, Shuangyashan City in the South and Fujin city in the north. It is 87 km away from Baoqing County, 64 km away from Jixian County, 74 km away from Shuangyashan City, 33 km away from Fujin City, 140 km away from Tongjiang City and 123 km away from Jiamusi city. The total controlled area of Youyi farm is 188812 hectares, including 110429 hectares of arable land. It governs 11 agricultural management areas with a population of 102600. Since its establishment, it has produced 34.281 billion jin of grain.

In January 2017, the national development and Reform Commission, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of finance, the National Tourism Administration, the Central Party History Research Office and other units published the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots, among which friendship farm was listed.

Evolution of organizational system

Friendship farm is a state-owned farm of Heilongjiang General Bureau of agricultural reclamation, which is managed by Hongxinglong Farm Management Bureau. Located in the eastern part of Heilongjiang reclamation area, the field department is located in friendship town. Friendship farm is a large mechanized grain farm established with the assistance of the Soviet government in 1954. To commemorate the friendship between China and the Soviet Union, it was named "state run friendship farm". On October 7, 1954, the executive meeting of the State Council passed the "decision on the establishment of state owned friendship farm", and designated the site in sandaogang area, Jixian County, Heilongjiang Province, and appointed Wang Jiaoli (director of the Department of agriculture of Heilongjiang Province) as the site director. In November of the same year, the survey and design was carried out, and 8 km northeast of sandaogang was selected as the headquarters. The flag raising ceremony was held on December 21, symbolizing the birth of friendship farm.

From the beginning of May 1955 to June 9, 393000 mu of land was reclaimed, and 52700 mu of wheat was sown in that year. There are five sub fields under the general field (implementing three-level management of general field, sub field and production team). It was basically completed in 1956. By 1957, it had 455000 mu of cultivated land, 97 tractors, 96 combine harvesters, 60 automobiles, 2360 employees and a total population of 5400. In October 1958, the four townships of Xinglong, sandaogang, Qixing and Youlin in Jixian County and the three agricultural production cooperatives in Taohe Township were merged into the friendship farm to establish the friendship people's Commune and implement the management system of "social occasion one". In April 1960, the friendship commune was abolished, and the friendship County was set up under the management of friendship farm, implementing the "county occasion one" management system. In June 1968, Heilongjiang production and Construction Corps of Shenyang Military Region was established, and friendship farm was organized as the 18th regiment of the third division.

In September 1973, with the approval of the State Council, friendship County was officially abolished. In February 1976, the production and Construction Corps was abolished and the friendship farm was restored, which was under the administration of Hongxinglong farm. In December 1984, Youyi county was restored with the original scope of Youyi farm, which is a pure farming and reclamation enterprise. In 1992, the total farm had 11 agricultural branches with a total population of 125000.

development

Friendship farm is located in the hinterland of Sanjiang Plain with gentle terrain and contiguous land. It is the largest mechanized state farm in China. The comprehensive degree of agricultural mechanization is more than 90%. Wufenchang is the experimental base for the modernization of dry grain production in northern China, which has accumulated rich experience for China's agricultural modernization. In April 1978, the second company of wufenchang was designated as a pilot unit of agricultural mechanization and modernization. It imported agricultural machinery and equipment with advanced level in the 1970s from the United States, equipped with 20 workers, and cultivated 30000 mu of land. From 1978 to 1984, the company produced 207.4 tons of grain per capita per year, creating an annual output value of 88800 yuan. The total area is 2.832 million mu, including 1.272 million mu of arable land and 358000 mu of arable land. It is dominated by agriculture and diversified. Grain crops include wheat, soybean, corn, rice, etc., and economic crops include beet, sunflower seed, white melon seed, flue-cured tobacco, etc. The industry has developed rapidly, and has formed an industrial system of more than 10 categories and hundreds of varieties, such as food, furfural, cement, building materials, papermaking, machinery, etc. In 1992, the total output of grain and beans was 150 million kg, and the total output value of industry and agriculture was 296 million yuan, of which agriculture accounted for 58%. The friendship town of the headquarters has become a new comprehensive town. The headquarters organs, schools, hospitals and industrial and commercial enterprises are all concentrated in the town. By the end of 2012, the total population of the headquarters reached 73800.

socioeconomic

economic strength

The comprehensive economic strength of friendship farm is strong. In 2011, it achieved a GDP of 1652 million yuan, a total industrial and agricultural output value of 1720 million yuan, a total operating profit of 187.63 million yuan and a per capita income of 13804 yuan. Friendship farm is highly mechanized. There are 642 crawler tractors, 488 wheeled tractors, 2950 small tractors, 2596 large and medium-sized hauling tools, 1763 small tractors, 227 motorized rice transplanters, 11 sets of industrialized seedling raising equipment, 1768 irrigation and drainage power machinery, 95 large sprinkler irrigation, 402 combine harvesters, 19 motorized harvesters, 410 motorized threshers and the grain department 9 management center. In particular, the second team of wufenchang, known as the window of agricultural modernization, imported agricultural machinery and equipment with modern international advanced level from the United States, which created a way for scientific farming and high mechanization of agriculture. Friendship farm is rich in water resources. As the farm is located in the low-lying plain of Quaternary intermittent subsidence in the inland fault depression, it has deep, loose and water rich gravel layer. At the same time, the groundwater aquifers in the upper reaches of Songhua River and Qixing River are continuously replenished, coupled with atmospheric precipitation, forming a rich water source with high groundwater level, sufficient water volume and good water quality. It is preliminarily estimated that the underground water storage of friendship farm is about 30 billion cubic meters. A total of 9905.46 million cubic meters of earth and stone works have been completed, 136.9 kilometers of dykes have been built, 366 ganzhigou (1811.8 kilometers long), 5811 dounonggou (7756.4 kilometers long), 9 small and medium-sized reservoirs with a total capacity of 19.51 million cubic meters, 2695 bridge culverts and gates, 15 large and small drainage stations have been completed, with a waterlogging control area of 1255905 mu, an effective irrigation area of 498540 Mu and 1928 electromechanical wells It is an effective supporting project for drainage of waterlogging and irrigation of drought. It has a strong advantage of scientific and technological talents, with 2489 scientific and technological personnel and a contribution rate of 58%.

Planting structure

The planting structure tends to be reasonable. There are 270000 mu of wheat, 370000 mu of rice, 245000 mu of soybean, 320000 mu of cash crops, 50000 mu of forage and 60000 mu of kidney beans. It is rich in soybean, wheat, rice, watermelon and other economic crops, and has sold 5.746 million tons of commodity grain to the state. It is one of the dry grain bases in northern China. Green and organic agriculture has become a new bright spot in the development of farm agriculture. In 2001, 60000 mu of wheat, 30000 mu of corn, 30000 mu of melon and 10000 mu of peanut have obtained the national green certification, and the area of high-quality products accounts for 80% of the grain and soybean crops. The total output of grain and beans is 286000 tons, and the total output value of planting industry is 470 million yuan.

agricultural structure

The pattern of agricultural industry has taken shape. As a result of deepening reform, adjusting structure, relying on science and technology and increasing investment, we have initially realized the transformation from traditional agriculture to market agriculture and from extensive management to intensive management. The farm has 12 leading enterprises, the main enterprises are: Processing 60000 tons of wheat grade flour; 240000 tons of soybean oil processing plant; annual production of 1500 tons of glycerol, 6000 tons of starch plant; annual production of 1000 tons of furfural plant; annual production of 50000 tons of cement plant; annual production of 3000 tons of paper plant. An agricultural industrialization pattern of production, processing and marketing has been initially formed. Twelve industries have been set up, including market trade, medical and health care, seed storage and processing, and construction. These industries have accommodated a large number of labor forces, and accelerated the pace of reemployment and prosperity of workers.

Structure of animal husbandry

The development of animal husbandry is unconventional. Focusing on beef cattle, geese and pigs, it is the base for the development and sales of improved breeds and products of livestock and poultry, radiating every branch and production team, so as to form certain characteristics in the production of breeding industry. In 2001, there were 17800 beef cattle, 1100 cows, 47000 pigs, 70 deer, 920000 birds, 41600 sheep, and 600 tons of fish. The annual output value of animal husbandry was 52 million yuan. In 2002, the geese produced 800000 geese, and the products were sold to Shanghai, Changzhou and other places.

Urban construction

The pace of small town construction and social undertakings has been accelerated. In the past four years, 250 million yuan has been spent on urban construction, 13.5 kilometers of cement roads and asphalt roads have been built, 206000 square meters of buildings have been built, and the per capita living area of the farm is 20 square meters. The rate of tap water entering the household is 30%. By 2011, a total of 22000 program-controlled telephones have been built, with telephone penetration rate of 81% and cable TV penetration rate of 94%. Over the past few years, investment in education has reached 21%

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