Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province

Chang'an Town

Chang'an town is subordinate to Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. It is located in the south of Dongguan City, adjacent to Shenzhen City in the East, Pearl River Estuary in the south, Humen Port and Binhai Bay New Area in the West. It is the hometown of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, a revolutionary pioneer. G107 national highway, S358 provincial highway, Guangzhou Shenzhen Expressway, hugang Expressway and Guangzhou Shenzhen riverside Expressway run through the whole town.

As of December 2015, the area of Changan town was 98 square kilometers, with 13 communities under control, with a permanent population of 662 thousand, including 48 thousand of the registered residence population and more than 30 thousand of the compatriots in Hong Kong.

Chang'an Town ranks seventh among the top 1000 towns in China in 2018. In 2018, the national health county (township) was reconfirmed.

On October 8, 2019, it was selected as one of the top 1000 towns with comprehensive strength in China in 2019, ranking seventh. In 2019, the GDP of Chang'an town was 76.03 billion yuan, up 7.8% year on year.

Evolution of organizational system

Chang'an Town originated in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was built in the Northern Song Dynasty with a history of 1000 years.

Chang'an was called Jingkang in ancient times. In ancient times, Chang'an used to be a shallow bay. In the spring and Autumn period, Chang'an was still a sandbank. In the late Three Kingdoms period, Chang'an became a land. It was not until the Jin Dynasty that people began to live in this area.

According to the records of jingkangpu, in the first year of Yuankang (291 A.D.), Emperor Huidi (simazhong) of the Western Jin Dynasty had built a salt farm here, which was the possession of six maps of nine capitals of the eastern government. In 972 A.D., Chang'an was called Jingkang salt farm, which "runs from shuangganglikou in the west to Xin'an in the East (today's Bao'an)". The people made a living by making use of fishing, cooking salt and picking grass, and gradually formed villages. Since the Tiannian of the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the invasion of the Jin soldiers, our ancestors moved here through Fujian, Jiangxi and other places. The villages expanded rapidly, and some new villages appeared.

According to the records of duyigoupeng in 1725, Jingkang was still the sixth picture of the ninth capital of Guanyi. In the third year of Qianlong (1738 AD), Jingkang salt farm was merged into guide salt farm, which is the fifth map of the seventh capital of Dongguan. In the late Qing Dynasty, the squires in Taiping (including Chang'an) area of Humen set up Lianxi Bureau (non official organization), so Chang'an was also known as "Lianxi".

There was dajingwei in Chang'an in Ming Dynasty, wanhewei in late Qing Dynasty and Humen in Republic of China. In 1941, the villagers built a new village in Shapu Toutiao, named Chang'an Wei. After that, Chang'an was adopted as the official town name.

In 1912, the Republic of China was founded, and Chang'an was under the jurisdiction of Humen administrative office.

In 1925, Dongguan county set up district level administrative agencies. Chang'an, Beiyang, Huaide and other places belong to the first district of Dongguan county.

In 1943, it was renamed the Fifth District of Dongguan county. The office is located in the ancestral hall of gansuzu at Xiaobian.

In July 1944, Dongbao administrative supervision office was established under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Dongguan county is divided into eight districts. Shatou, Xiagang, Wusha and Xiaobian in Chang'an belong to the new five districts together with Huaide and Beizha. Xiaobian is set up in the district government.

In 1946, the national government implemented the Baojia system. The Jinqu district was divided into 45 baohu, 4506 kitchen households, about 16000 people. The whole region is divided into Beishan and Changbian townships. From Shatou to Beizha is Beishan Township, and from Wusha to Xiaobian is Changbian township.

On October 7, 1949, Dongguan was liberated. After the establishment of the county people's government, Chang'an and Humen were incorporated into the Sixth District. Taiping town is set up in the district government.

In 1950, Chang'an was designated as the Tenth District from the Sixth District. The district government set up Xiaobian.

In September 1955, the name of Chang'an District was changed into place name.

In the summer of 1957, the district was changed to Lianxiang. Chang'an is divided into Shagang, Shatou, Wusha, Jinxia and Xiaobian. The five joint townships are collectively called Chang'an Daxiang. Daxiang government set up Chang'an polder.

In October 1958, Humen, Beizha and Chang'an were merged into the Humen people's Commune by 16 townships and 82 agricultural cooperatives.

In 1959, Chang'an was set up from Humen commune.

In April 1983, Chang'an District Office was established.

In May 1984, the brigade was changed into a township. The district has jurisdiction over 11 townships at the township level. Below the township level, they are still called production teams.

In November 1986, Chang'an District was officially approved as an industrial satellite town by Guangdong Province. In 1987, it was officially changed into a town, known as the people's Government of Chang'an town. The township was renamed management area, and the whole town was divided into 13 management areas. The village (neighborhood) committee is set up under the management area, and the production team is changed into villagers' group. There are 84 village groups in the town.

In December 2004, the villagers' committees were transformed into neighborhood committees.

In January 2005, all the 13 village (neighborhood) committees in the town were transformed into community neighborhood committees, of which JIEKOU village was renamed Xin'an community, and Chang'an neighborhood committee was renamed Changsheng neighborhood committee.

administrative division

As of December 2015, there are 13 communities under the jurisdiction of Chang'an Town, including Shangjiao community, Xiabian community, Xiagang community, Shangsha community, Shatou community, Wusha community, Jinxia community, Xinmin community, yongtou community, Xianxi community, Changsheng community, Xiaobian community and Xin'an community. The government is located at 218 Dezheng Middle Road, Chang'an town.

geographical environment

geographical position

Chang'an town is located at the southernmost end of Dongguan City, with coordinates between 22 ° 44 ′ - 22 ° 50 ′ n, on the southeast Bank of the Pearl River Estuary, connecting Shenzhen Bao'an in the East and Humen ancient town in the West. It is located in the middle of Guangzhou Shenzhen Economic Corridor, 55 km away from Shenzhen urban area, 90 km away from Guangzhou urban area, and 30 km away from Dongguan urban area.

Geology and geomorphology

Most of the mountains in Chang'an town are distributed in the north. The interior of the mountain is mainly granite, and there are many bedrock exposed. The surface is sandy shale, which is developed into lateritic red soil by weathering. The weathering layer of the mountain is thick, generally more than 4 meters.

The soil in the middle and south is red soil, and the bottom layer (0.5-2 m above the surface) is white fine sand. This kind of fine sand is very white, which seems to be washed by sea water. In fact, it is weathered granite. The farther away from the mountain, the deeper the white fine sand is buried.

The terrain of Chang'an town is high in the north and low in the south. It is close to the mountains and faces the sea. The northern part is mountainous, hilly and platform, and the central and southern part is alluvial plain, tidal flat and sea area.

The main peak of the mountain range is Lianhua Mountain (formerly known as triangle mountain) with an altitude of 519.8 meters. It rises gently and stretches across the north of Chang'an with a total length of about 18 kilometers. It starts from Baishi mountain in yongtou village in the East and Tonggu mountain in Shangjiao village in the West. It is the boundary mountain between Chang'an Town and Bao'an District, Dalingshan Town and Humen Town in Shenzhen. There are Yougan mountain and dungjigang in the south, yongtou Datou mountain (197m above sea level) in the southeast, Changlian mountain, dadunjiao mountain and shijiaotou mountain in the southwest, daguling mountain in the northwest.

The hills are distributed in the north of Tonggu mountain, Shatou feie mountain, Jinxia ancient sea erosion cliff mountain and yongtou Baishi mountain. Most of the hills are 50-150 meters above sea level. The erosion platform is scattered in the alluvial plain, often adjacent to the erosion hills, with a relative height of 5-30m and an altitude of 10-52m. Later, due to the continuous improvement of the level of urbanization, many terraces were leveled into ladder shape, with buildings and roads, and a small amount was used for planting fruit forest. Hills and mountains account for 16.6% of the total area of the town.

The southern plain is divided into two types, one is alluvial plain, which is formed by many rivers with sediment flowing southward from Lianhua Mountain and Daling mountain forest farm. It is distributed in the north of Shapu of Shangjiao village, Shabian of Xiabian village, Shangsha village, Shatou village, Jiangbei of Wusha village, Haoguang mountain of JIEKOU village, shijiaotou hill, shaputou, Guhai cliff hill of Jinxia village, the third industrial zone of Xiaobian Village (southernmost of Xiaobian Village), and the Southern Industrial zone of yongtou Village (southernmost of yongtou Village). The other is the delta plain, which is located in the south of the alluvial plain to the coastline and is formed by the accumulation of sediment carried by ocean waves, tides, currents and river dynamics. The altitude of the plain is generally 0.6-1 M.

In the south of the seawall, there are large tidal flats, with an altitude of 0.1-0.6 meters. The beach is divided into two parts, the nearshore part is 0.4-0.6 meters above sea level, which is the planting area, and the far shore part is 0.1-0.3 meters above sea level, which is the breeding area.

climatic conditions

Chang'an town has a subtropical monsoon humid climate. There is no obvious seasonal change in spring, summer, autumn and winter. The four seasons are warm and humid, with abundant sunshine and rainfall. The annual average temperature is 22.2 ℃. The annual sunshine hours are more than 1900 hours, and the annual average precipitation is 1778.7mm. Because it is close to the sea, it is cooler in summer and warmer in winter than inland areas at the same latitude. But it is also often affected by typhoons, sea tides, rainstorms, droughts and cold waves.

The average annual rainfall in Chang'an town is 1778.7mm, with the maximum of 2394.9mm (1981) and the minimum of 972.2mm (1963). The average relative variation rate of annual rainfall is only 16%, most of which are above 1 540 mm. The rainy season is from April to September (the monthly rainfall is more than 100 mm). The rainy season is consistent with the high temperature season, which is conducive to the growth of crops.

The coefficient of water heat is greater than 2 (the coefficient of water heat is generally greater than 1, indicating wet; the coefficient of water heat is less than 1, indicating dry). The dry period is only about 100 days (from mid November to late February of the next year); the spring rain (from March to May) is about 500 mm; the annual average relative humidity is 79%, and the relative humidity of other months is between 70% and 85% except that in January (67%). The intensity of rainstorm is very strong. The annual average number of rainstorms is about 6, and the annual average number of days is 7. From 1957 to 2002, the annual average number of days is 1

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Dong Wan Shi Xia Xia Zhen Zhang An Zhen