Xinpingpu Town, Tianzhen County, Datong City, Shanxi Province

Xinpingpu town

Xinpingbao town is located in the northernmost part of Shanxi Province, now belongs to Tianzhen County of Datong City. At the junction of Hebei and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the so-called three provinces of Jiming. In ancient times, because of its border with the nomadic people in the northern grassland, its historical and geographical position was extremely important, and it was a strategic important place in the past dynasties.

administrative division

Xinpingbao town has jurisdiction over: xinpingbao village, yiheba village, liujiafang village, gaojiayao village, shuiquanyao village, wulidun village, huangjiawan Village (baopingbao Village), sifangdun village, hongtugou village, langwogou village, chaijiayao village, qijiayao village, yuejiayao village, panjiayao village, nianling village, dayingpan village, pingyuanbao village, pingyuantou village, BaDun village, shi6dun village, nianjiayao village, Xinping village They are Er village, sandundian village, Xinzhuangzi village, Nanyao village, caojiawan village, changshengshan village, etc.

Historical evolution

As early as in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, it was called Daijun Yanling, and Yicheng in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Yibei is the residence of Shanrong and Linhu nationalities. Since the Northern Qi Dynasty, the war gradually subsided and once abandoned. In the Ming Dynasty, it was subordinate to Datong, an important town in Jiubian. Because of frequent wars with Mongolian tribes, it built the Great Wall, built fortresses and barriers, and set up a new Pinglu general. In 1571, the Ming Dynasty set up a horse market in Deshengkou, Xinping and shoukou of Datong. Xinpingbao has two cities, dongma city (pingyuantou) and Xima city (Gucheng Village). It was not only a battlefield for the Ming government to fight against the Mongols, but also a place for the Han people to trade with the Mongols and other northern nomads, so it was commonly known as Mashi. The development of horse market is divided into two periods, the former is the official tributary trade between Ming and Mongolia (also mixed with war plunder trade), the latter is the nature of horse market changed, tributary trade developed into mutual market trade, official market transited to civilian market, in the larger scale of national trade market, the civilian exchanges, whether or not the city is easy to occupy It has become the dominant position. But what is more important is not only the need of politics and economy, but also a military means to contain the nomadic tribes. The strategy of war and defense adopted by the Ming government against the nomadic tribes is the product of the special geographical environment and military garrison system of the border towns. Therefore, "there is no other land for the prisoners outside the Xuanhua and Dabian areas, and the Han people and the money market have nothing to do with averting the trouble.". Thus formed with no to some war plunder trade, but also to the Ming Dynasty buried a terrible curse. It was one of the reasons that led to the destruction of Ming Dynasty.

The old city of Yanling

It is the ancient city of Xinping. The site is still in existence. It is located in Gucheng village, 1.5 km west of Xinping town (now Xinghe County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). The east city wall is about 800 meters long from east to west and 900 meters long from north to south. The remnant wall is 2-4.5 meters high and 6 meters wide. It is the site of an ancient city from Han Dynasty to Northern Wei Dynasty. Both inside and outside the site are covered with ash pits, pottery and tiles of the Han and Wei dynasties. In Xinping area, the Great Wall was built as early as the Warring States, Qin, Han and Northern Wei dynasties. The side wall we see today was built in the Ming Dynasty, with a height of 8-10m and a width of 6-8m. In the north and West is Inner Mongolia, and in the East is Hebei Province.

Xinping Castle

It was built in the 25th year of Jiajing (1546) of Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the 6th year of Longqing. It has a perimeter of more than 3000 meters and a height of 9 meters. It has two gates in the north and the East, which are called xinyuanmen in the north and gonghuamen in the East. On the gate of the city, there are guanlou and Wenchang Pavilion in the southeast corner. The layout of the city is in the form of main road and cross street, and 16 streets are distributed in the north and south. This is a typical layout of the Great Wall castle. It is not only convenient to travel, but also takes into account the needs of military operations. The north and East streets are mainly shops, while the West Street is the garrison house. There are also many social and religious activities such as Zhenwu temple, Town God's Temple, Huo Shen temple, Bai Yi An, Bei Yue Temple, God of wealth temple, Zhenbian temple, Jin Buddha Temple, Guan Yu Temple and many other social and religious activities. Yuhuangge, also known as zhenbianlou, is located in the center of the castle. It was built in 1593, the 21st year of Wanli period in the Ming Dynasty. It is a three story, two rafters and hilltop style building. At the bottom of the building, there are brick coupons crossing the street. There are corridors on the upper and lower floors. The upper level has a flat block with bars, and the lower level has a brick railing. The face is three rooms wide, and the Dou Gong is four pavilions. "Jade Emperor": that is, Taoism's honorific name for the emperor of heaven. In ancient times, the purpose of building a pavilion in the center of a border town was to pray for heaven's blessing. However, in a practical sense, Xinping was an important border garrison town. It was actually a commanding battle, which not only could be seen from a high altitude, but also could be observed and commanded. Standing in the attic, you can see inside and outside the castle. There is a general Yamen in the West Street of baonei, which faces south in the north. It was built in 1541, the 20th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty. Now it is rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty, followed by Shanmen (destroyed), Zhongjun garrison hall and general hall, covering an area of 440 square meters. folk houses: Xinping folk houses are quite unique, especially one in the southwest of the fort. Facing south, the gate is in the middle, facing the screen wall, two doors in front of the wall are connected to each other, and one enters the East West quadrangle; both are tile single slope buildings. The gate and screen wall are unique. The gate has a hard hill top. Xitou on the gable is decorated with brick carvings. The upper layer is the Shuiman Jinshan Temple, and the middle layer is a three-star banquet of happiness, wealth and longevity. The lower layer is a symmetrical five level xumizuo with carved flowers and exotic animals in it. Screen wall: 3.5 meters high, with rafters at the top, three single steps, five arched heads, and Ruyi flowers; lotus columns on both sides, flower frames, bird shaped inside, lucky flowers at the four corners of the wall, lion dance inside, and the picture of Chang'e flying to the moon inside the central circle; its shape is unique, lifelike and lifelike. It is a rare good product in residential buildings. The layout of the building is different from that of ordinary northern dwellings. In the traditional sense, the courtyard of the northern folk courtyard is distributed in the north-south direction according to the central axis, and the gate is set in the "Qian" position, that is, the southeast corner of the courtyard, according to the principles of yin and Yang and eight trigrams.

significance

The ancient town of Xinping has a long history and the Great Wall culture has a long history. Despite the vicissitudes of time, people can find out its long history from its great wall ruins and numerous ancient buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a civilization that never dies.

Cultural customs

The Party committee and government of xinpingbao Town, Tianzhen County, Datong City, based on the local reality, relying on the rich historical and cultural resources, fully tap the potential, vigorously develop the frontier tourism, and embark on a new road of sustainable economic development, which is "building a platform of history and culture, playing a big role in frontier tourism, strengthening the collective strength, and increasing farmers' income". Xinpingbao town of Tianzhen county is located at the junction of Shanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia provinces (regions), known as "Jiming Wensan province". At the end of 2007, the per capita net income of farmers was only 1150 yuan. After in-depth research and expert argumentation, the town Party committee and government boldly put forward a new idea of promoting related industries by tourism, accelerating the pace of industrial transformation and structural adjustment, and building a harmonious development of ecological civilization. At present, there are nearly 50 kilometers of the great wall of Zhao, Han, Northern Wei and Ming Dynasties in xinpingpu Town, among which the great wall of Ming Dynasty is the most, and the preservation condition is in the forefront of the whole province. The town also enjoys the title of "ancient tea horse road" and is a commercial and accessible place for the three provinces (districts). while actively raising funds to speed up the repair, restoration and reconstruction of historical sites, the town Party committee and government have also absorbed social funds from various channels and levels to effectively improve the tourism environment and continuously develop new tourism resources. They have successively launched tourism projects such as historical sites tour and frontier customs tour. According to the statistics of the town government office, more than 300 visitors come here on average every day in July and August. The development of tourism has brought a new atmosphere to the ancient frontier towns. The related industries, such as "farm coarse grain restaurant", "ancient town folk custom restaurant" and "agricultural ecological sightseeing garden", which are matched with the tourism industry, have also come into being, injecting vitality into the healthy development of tourism. The Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the State Administration of cultural relics announced in Beijing the fifth batch of 99 famous historical and cultural towns and villages in China, and xinpingbao town in Tianzhen County became the only famous town on the list in Datong City. From the famous tourist town in Shanxi Province to the famous historical and cultural town in Shanxi Province, and then to the famous historical and cultural town in China, xinpingbao town has achieved a gorgeous and perfect turn with the strength of "three jumps".

Famous cultural town

In 2010, it was awarded the honorary title of the fifth batch of "famous historical and cultural towns in China" by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the State Administration of cultural relics. in 2011, it was rated as a national characteristic landscape tourism town by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the National Tourism Administration. in 2012, he was awarded the first batch of Chinese traditional villages by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, the Ministry of culture and the Ministry of finance. in 2015, it was rated as China's beautiful leisure village by the Ministry of agriculture.

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Da Tong Shi Tian Zhen Xian Xin Ping Bao Zhen