Yao District, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Yao nationality township of Yao District

Yao nationality township is the only Yao nationality township in Xishuangbanna Prefecture. It is located in the middle of Mengla County, bordering Yiwu Township in the north, Mengban town in the East, guanlei town in the West and Mengla town in the south. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. It is a mountainous township.

survey

Yao nationality township is the only Yao nationality township in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture. It is located in the northeast mountain area of Mengla County, bordering Yiwu Township in the north, Mengban town in the East and guanlei town in the West. It covers an area of 483 square kilometers (515 square kilometers), has a population of 7547 (in 2007), and has a population of 7100 of Yao, Hani, Dai, Zhuang and other ethnic minorities. It has jurisdiction over 4 administrative villages and 33 villager groups in Sharen, nazhuo, Xinshan and Huanglianshan. The township government is located in Guangming Village, 35 kilometers away from the county seat and 199 kilometers away from Jinghong City, the state government. the terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, belonging to a mountainous township. The northern half of the mountain is undulating, the central and southern valleys and basins, and the lava landscape in the west is magnificent, with an average altitude of 1300 meters. There are more than 30 rivers, such as Nanla River, Bulong River, Nangong River and so on, which are tributaries of the upper reaches of Nanla river. It belongs to the climate of south subtropical rainforest. Rich in natural resources, there are 113 square kilometers of nature reserves and 183 square kilometers of state-owned forests. Mineral resources include iron, lead and zinc, copper, coal, etc. tourism resources are expected to include Tianshu scenic spot, Leigong Mountain, Nanga river waterfall, Nangong mountain, etc. The ethnic customs and cultures include the festival of King Pan of Yao, the festival of splashing water of Dai, the festival of gatangpa of Hani and the festival of hundred poems of Yi. By the end of 2007, 154.4 kilometers of roads had been opened to traffic in the township, with a total of 12 roads.

evolution

Li is under the jurisdiction of Zhenyue county. In July 1953, the Yao Autonomous Region was established, belonging to the Yiwu area of Banna. In 1969, the May 16 commune was set up. In 1972, it was renamed Yao commune. In 1984, it was divided into Yao commune and Mengban commune. In 1988, Yao commune was changed into Yao township. In 1997, it covers an area of 483 square kilometers and has a population of 6000. It governs four administrative villages, namely, Sharen, nazhuo, Xinshan and Huanglianshan. In 2005, it covers an area of 515km and has a population of 1666 households and 7259 people, including 6771 agricultural people and 4286 Yao people. 666313532823203: ~ 201 Sharen village ~ 202 nazhuo village ~ 203 Xinshan village ~ 204 Huanglianshan Village

geographical environment

Yao nationality township of Yao district was established in July 1953. It is located in the north of Mengla County, 35 kilometers away from the county seat and 199 kilometers away from Jinghong City, the state government. It covers 515 kilometers of land, 60% of forest, 113 square kilometers of nature reserve and 183 square kilometers of state-owned forest. It has a climate of south subtropical rainforest, with an average altitude of 1300 meters, an average annual rainfall of about 1600 mm and an average annual temperature of 19.2 ℃. The township governs four village committees, namely, Sharen, nazhuo, Xinshan and Huanglianshan, and 33 villager groups, with a total of 1666 households and 7259 people. The agricultural population is 6771, the labor force is 3789, and the cultivated land area is 35997 mu. Yao, Yi, Hani, Dai and other four ethnic minorities are mainly inhabited. Among them, there are 4286 Yao people, accounting for 59% of the total population. Yao District Township is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with original slope undulation in the northern half of the mountain, valley basins in the middle and south, and karst landscape in the West. The average altitude is 1300 meters, and the highest altitude is leigongyan, which is 2007 meters. The territory is densely covered with rivers and rich in water resources. There are more than 30 rivers, which belong to the upper branch of Nanla river. There are 113 square kilometers of national nature reserves and 183 square kilometers of state-owned forests. In the lush tropical rain forest, there is wangtianshu, the world's highest rare tree species. In the forest area, wangtianshu Forest Park is built, with a forest coverage rate of 60%. Yao district belongs to the climate of south subtropical monsoon rainforest, with an average annual temperature of 20.9 degrees Celsius, little annual temperature difference, no frost basically, and good wintering conditions. The average annual rainfall is 1539.9mm. This good ecological environment is most suitable for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. There are abundant mineral resources in the territory. The proven iron reserves reach 67 million tons, with high grade, large reserves and many varieties. In 2005, the GDP of the township reached 123.306 million yuan, the total output value of agriculture was 24.489 million yuan, the local fiscal revenue was 6.04 million yuan, the fiscal expenditure was 12.75 million yuan, the per capita net income of farmers was 1872 yuan, the total output value of villages and towns was 40.63 million yuan, and the business income of enterprises was 36.84 million yuan. The main industries are grain, sugarcane, rubber, tea and animal husbandry. So far, of the 33 villager groups in the township, 30 have water supply, 33 have electricity supply, 32 have access roads, 21 have mobile phones, and 30 have satellite TV ground stations.

Human customs

Yao nationality township in Yao district is a multi-ethnic mountainous Township, which is mainly composed of Yao nationality. Yao nationality is an ancient nationality with a long history of folk customs. Because the long-term residential area is mountainous area, the Yao people in Yao nationality township of Yao district have a kind of affinity with mountains. They can't live without mountains. It's said that they can't live without mountains. They can't live without mountains, and they can't die without mountains. Mountains stay in their hearts, mountains flow in their blood, and mountains are their souls. Therefore, Yao people have the character of mountain and broad mind. Along the Nangong River under the jurisdiction of Sharen village committee of Yao nationality township in Yao District, you can walk up through the Qinggou and mountain after mountain, which is the most famous Nangong mountain in Yao nationality township in Yao district. The mountains are full of ancient trees, streams and forests. You can't help thinking about them. When it comes to Yao people, "King Pan Festival" is a festival that has to be mentioned. On November 17, 1986 (i.e. October 16 of the lunar calendar), Mengla County held the first celebration of King Pan festival of Yao nationality. King Pan Festival is a grand gathering for Yao people to commemorate their ancestor King Pan and celebrate the harvest. Young men and women have social activities. This festival comes from the worship of Panhu. There are many legends about the origin of King Pan festival among Yao people. It is said that in ancient times, King Ping fought with King Gao, and King Ping gave him a reward. Who could win King Gao not only gave him a heavy reward, but also married the third princess to him. At that time, no one dared to answer. Panhu, the ancestor of the Yao nationality, was called King Pan after he was called King Pan. He crossed the sea to get back the head of the high king and was given the third princess. He was granted the title of King Pan after he was granted the title of "ten treasures of Mount Kuaiji in Nanjing". King Pan and the third princess gave birth to six men and six women, and passed down the twelve surnames of the Yao family. Therefore, the Yao people take King Pan as their ancestor and set up the King Pan Festival commemoration. When the King Pan Festival comes, the Yao people put on their festival costumes, set up their singing platform, beat the bronze drum, sing the King Pan song, dance the King Pan dance and dance long drum to celebrate the festival. biting hands is a way of love between Yao people's lovers. After the lovers confirm their love relationship by singing folk songs, the man bites the woman's right wrist with his mouth to show his loyalty. According to this, it means that she won't marry. If the woman accepts it, it means that she won't marry. Generally, the more painful the bite, the deeper the love. it is a traditional habit of the Yao people for thousands of years to bite one's hand and make love. It is a pursuit of beautiful love for young men and women. The expression of love by pain is special in 56 ethnic families.

Resource advantages

Abundant water resources

Yao district has more than 30 rivers, the rivers crisscross between the mountains, the water quality is pure and rich. The main rivers are Henan La River, Bulong River and Nangong River, the mother of Mengla County. Among them, Nangong river is famous for its clear water in four seasons, and local people call it "Qingshui River".

Forest resources

Yao district is located in subtropical rainforest climate, known as the "Kingdom of animals and plants", a total of more than 4000 plants, including 354 species of precious plants listed as national protection, 52 species of key protected plants, accounting for 15% of the national key protected plants; 115 species of animals, 110 species of fish, 399 species of birds, of which 66 species are listed as national key protected first, second and third categories of animals.

Mineral wealth

Yao district is rich in mineral resources, containing iron, lead and zinc, copper, coal and other minerals. Up to now, the mining sites include: Xinshan iron mine, Longba copper mine, nansaihe lead-zinc mine, laobaizhai lead-zinc mine and bulonghe yutangshan iron mine. Xinshan iron mine is the largest mine in the state, and it pays millions of yuan of taxes to the state every year.

tourist resources

Yao district contains a variety of rich tourism resources, the undeveloped forest resources are expected to Tianshu scenic spot, Leigong Mountain, Nanga river waterfall, Nangong mountain, etc.; ethnic cultural tourism resources include Yao Festival "King Pan Festival", Dai Festival "splashing water Festival", Hani Festival "gatangpa Festival", Yi Festival "hundred poems Festival", etc.; ethnic customs and cultural tourism resources have common Dai with the whole Prefecture The customs of the Han, the Yi and the unique style of the Yao. Yao district is rich in folk customs and cultural tourism resources of ethnic minorities. The most valuable tourism resources are "Yao folk songs" and "biting hands to make love". The cultural tourism resources that can be developed include sacrificial rites and other cultural arts, such as "Dujie" of Yao nationality, "fufo, Kaimen and Guanmen Festivals" of Dai nationality, "Panwang Festival" of commemorative cultural tourism resources, and "harvest day" of Hani nationality of agricultural cultural tourism resources. In addition, there are Yao, Hani, Dai, Yi clothing culture, Yao farming, hunting culture development.

Characteristic industry

From the perspective of geographical environment, geographical advantages, climate conditions and other industrial development conditions, Yao nationality township in Yao district can develop from the primary industry, the secondary industry and the tertiary industry

planting

The development of planting industry in Yao nationality townships in Yao district is quite different

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Xi Shuang Ban Na Dai Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Meng La Xian Yao Qu Yao Zu Xiang