Xiaolongtan Town, Kaiyuan city, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Xiaolongtan town

Xiaolongtan town is located in the northwest of Kaiyuan city, Honghe County, Yunnan Province. It is an important transportation, electric power and coal energy town in Kaiyuan city. It is adjacent to Chake town in Jianshui County in the northwest, Xunsi town and Pengpu town in Mile County in the northeast, Lebaidao office in Kaiyuan city in the East, and Lingquan office in Kaiyuan city in the south. The total area is 179.44 square kilometers, accounting for 9.06% of the total area of Kaiyuan city, ranking the fifth among the eight townships (offices) in Kaiyuan city. It has jurisdiction over 6 village committees, 1 community neighborhood committee, 46 natural villages and 62 villager groups. Xiaolongtan has abundant coal reserves and perfect infrastructure. The total rural economic income of Xiaolongtan town in 2006 was 194.3596 million yuan. In 2006, there were 4289 households in the town.

natural resources

There are abundant coal reserves in Xiaolongtan, the largest open-pit coal mine in Yunnan Province with proven coal reserves of 1.093 billion tons, and Xiaolongtan Kengkou thermal power plant with a total installed capacity of 600000 kW. It is an important coal power energy base in Yunnan Province.

rural economy

The total rural economic income of Xiaolongtan town in 2006 was 194.3596 million yuan. Among them: the income of primary industry is 42.5722 million yuan, accounting for 21.9% of the total income; the income of planting industry is 24.7026 million yuan, accounting for 12.7% of the total income; the income of animal husbandry is 16.9963 million yuan, the income of fishery is 65.03 million yuan, and the income of forestry is 195 000 yuan; the income of secondary industry is 46.7793 million yuan, accounting for 24.1% of the total income; the income of tertiary industry is 105.081 million yuan, accounting for 54% of the total income; other income is 196 200 yuan. The per capita net income of farmers is 2995 yuan, and the income of farmers is mainly from the secondary and tertiary industries

Population health

The town has a permanent population of 15644 (in 2017), including 1 health center, covering an area of 2.9 mu, 15 medical staff, 8 departments and 6 departments, including outpatient room, X-ray room, laboratory, obstetrics and gynecology department, pharmacy, etc. There are 25 rural doctors, and 6 new village clinics were built in 2007.

cultural education

As of December 2007, there are 14 primary schools with 2100 students in Xiaolongtan town. There are 752 students in one middle school. The party and government leaders of the office attach great importance to the education work. They give 60000 yuan each year to middle schools and primary schools, which are used to grant scholarships to students with good grades and increase the length of teaching subsidies for teachers, so as to mobilize the enthusiasm of teachers and students in teaching and learning, and try every means to retain teachers and excellent students, which has laid a solid foundation for the education development of Xiaolongtan area.

human geography

Fossil of Lama ape

In February 1956, during the coal mining in Xiaolongtan coal mine, five lower teeth fossils of lamama paleoape from late Miocene (15 million years ago) were found in the upper part of the coal seam at the lower end of the north of laomazhai and Hetou villages. In 1957, 5 lower teeth fossils of Xiwa ape were found in the upper part of the coal seam. In 1980, three molars of Lama ape were discovered. In 1982, 12 teeth of the maxilla were found again. these fossils are extant in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Museum. in addition to the discovery of Lama fossil in Bunao coal pit, some ancient animal fossils were also found, including zygodonta, inlaid, quadrangular and paleofossil in Qingyi. There are more than 10 kinds of mammal fossils in tropical forest lakes, such as beaver, small river pig, sharp tooth pig, deer, huge inlaid, hippopotamus, bison, etc. some of these ancient animal fossils are extant in Kaiyuan cultural relics management office, and some are scattered in laomazhai, Hetou and other villages. In 1983, the discovery site of Lama ape fossils in Xiaolongtan was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Honghe Prefecture.

Bunao writing tower

It was built in 1753 in the 22nd year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty and is located on the top of Wenbi mountain in the north of the basin. The tower is made of bluestone, square in shape. Its base is 1.2 meters high, and the first floor is 4.8 meters wide. It has seven floors converging upward, with a total height of 26 meters. It is a traditional style solid tower with a diamond pointed top. In May 1971, it was struck by lightning, and the northwest corner of the tower collapsed a little. In 1983, Kaiyuan Municipal People's government listed Wenbi pagoda as a key cultural relic under protection. In 2004, the office invested in its renovation and reinforcement.

Inscriptions of Yi Nationality

In ancient times, Yi people carried out cremation, most of which had no tombs or steles. As a phenomenon of the original culture, inscriptions in the middle of Ming Dynasty were gradually introduced. The earliest extant inscriptions stand at the end of Ming Dynasty. It is rare that there are inscriptions written in Han and Yi languages in zejiu village. It is a witness of the combination and coexistence of the two nationalities and provides important historical data for the origin and cultural exchange of the local nationalities.

Shiyunshan temple complex

It is located on Shizishan in the west of the basin. According to the inscription on the permanent residence of Jizhao nunnery in Shiyun mountain, "it was created by the Buddhist monk Shuhui and his disciples xueyin in the spring of Jiawu.". It can be inferred that it was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. There were Jiuxian Pavilion, Guanyin Pavilion, Guansheng palace, Yunfeng tower, Longwang temple, Tianjun Pavilion, Jizhao temple, Wudang tower, Diaojiaolou, Guisheng temple and Weituo Pavilion. Now there are only Guisheng temple, Jiuxian Pavilion and Diaojiaolou. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been a good place for local and foreign scholars to visit, write poems and write compositions. It is also a famous Buddhist resort.

Guisheng Temple

Located in Shizishan village, the existing main hall, front hall, liangshaner and other sites, covering an area of 1106 square meters, Guisheng temple was first built in the Ming Dynasty. According to the existing stele of rebuilding Guisheng temple, it is said that "the predecessors admired its scenery to form a temple, which is called Guisheng temple.". In 1983, the people's Government of Kaiyuan city listed Guisheng temple as a key cultural relic protection unit. In 2005, the office invested more than 130000 yuan in the comprehensive renovation of Guisheng temple, and built a wall around the temple for protection. There are many inscriptions in the temple, such as the stele of permanent residence in Shiyun mountain, the stele of rebuilding Guisheng temple, the preface to the stele of Chaoshan member, and the stele of Yin zhuangtu's travels to Shishan mountain.

Daxin Bridge

Also known as Shuanglong Bridge, located 1 km east of xiaozhaijie village, it was built in 1769. Daxin bridge is a single hole stone arch bridge. It has a strong body and spans from east to west. It is 38 meters long and 6 meters wide. The shape of the bridge is beautiful. In 1844, there was a hexagonal pavilion on the top with five color glazed tiles. There were painted wooden windows on the sides of the pavilion. In 2006, the office and the village committee of xiaozhaijie hired a professional team to repair the Kui Pavilion, paint the wall, and draw six new color paintings. For more than 200 years, it was an important place for transportation. The bridge was very strong, and trucks could also pass through it.

Xiaolongtan railway bridge

It is about one kilometer east of Xiaolongtan station, 15 kilometers away from the urban area, across the Nanpan River. It is one of the important bridges of Kunhe line. It was built in 1910, with a span of 157.86 meters and multi web steel beams. It was designed and manufactured by the French railway company ballier at the beginning of this century. Some of the beams were damaged in more than 80 years of operation. In January 1940, Japanese planes bombed the iron bridge. The steel beam was broken and fell into the Nanpanjiang River. 0-8 poles were completely destroyed. Later, the steel beam was transported into Vietnam and riveted to traffic. After reinforcement for many times, it still could not ensure the traffic safety, so a new bridge was built.

Xiaolongtan Bridge

It was reconstructed in November 1979 and completed in June 1984, with a total length of 157.86 meters. Designed by the Third Railway Design Institute and manufactured by Baoji Bridge factory, the bridges and tunnels of old lines are temporarily sealed for operational use.

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Hong He Ha Ni Zu Yi Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Kai Yuan Shi Xiao Long Tan Zhen