Tan Hua Xiang, Dayao County, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Tanhua Township

Tanhua, located in the middle of Dayao County, Yunnan Province, is the birthplace of "Chinese Yi People's 18 month solar calendar", the birthplace of Tanhua's Yi opera, the hometown of miyilu, the hometown of "Chinese folk art" awarded by the Ministry of culture, and the hometown of Meige. The root of culture has a long history, rich heritage, rich ethnic customs, beautiful natural scenery, Yi folk houses, Yi costumes, food culture and ethnic customs are still relatively complete. The "Chinese Yi Sun calendar of 18 months" originated from Tanhua is more than 5000 years earlier than the Mayan calendar of Mexico in the United States.

Tanhua traditional festival "flower arrangement Festival" is famous at home and abroad, and is listed as one of the 100 famous national traditional festivals in the world. As early as the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the Tanhua temple in the territory had the view of unifying the three counties (yaochi, Yanfeng and Yao'an). In 1993, Tanhua township was named as "the hometown of miyilu and the birthplace of Yi opera" by the Provincial Institute of national art; in 1997, Tanhua mountain was listed as a provincial scenic spot by the provincial people's government, which can be called "the forest of Vienna, China"; in 2000, Tanhua township was awarded the honorary title of "the hometown of Chinese folk art" by the Ministry of culture; in 2001, Tanhua township was listed as the National Park by Chuxiong State Party committee and state government In 2002, he won the "advanced collective of cultural work" award of the State Party committee and government.

brief introduction

Tanhua township is located in the middle of Dayao County, Yunnan Province, 43 kilometers away from the county, east of Liuju, north of Guangxi

Hua, Xiangyun in the south, Santai in the northwest and Tongxin street in the southeast. The township is famous for its rich production of onion wood, virus-free potato, thin skinned walnut and yebazi honey.

Tanhua township has a beautiful ecological environment. It was declared as an ecological Township in Yunnan Province in 2006. Its national culture blooms. It is the birthplace of the 18th lunar calendar, which is more than 5000 years earlier than the Mayan calendar in the United States. It is the birthplace of Yi opera, the hometown of Meige and miyilu.

physical geography

Tanhua township is located in the middle of Dayao County, 45 kilometers away from the county highway mileage, 101 ° 7 ′ 30 ″ - 101 ° 18 ′ 45 ″ east longitude, 24 ° 52 ′ 30 ″ - 25 ° 02 ′ 45 ″ north latitude, 11 ′ 15 ″ longitude, 10 ′ 15 ″ latitude, Guihua in the north, Liuju in the East, Xinjie in the southeast, Santai in the west, Shiyang in the southwest,

The climate of the whole township is mainly cold and humid sub alpine forest. The annual average temperature is 12 ℃ - 14 ℃, and the rainfall is abundant, mainly from May to October. The annual precipitation is about 1300 mm, and the frost period is about 160 days.

administrative division

The township has 7 village committees, 53 villager groups, 74 natural villages and 7822 permanent residents (2017).

Township land area of 197.26 square kilometers, jurisdiction Tanhua, chishiyan, machaofang, zimidi, xiaoxingchang, haigubo seven village committees, 53 villager groups, township level organs resident Tanhua SONGZIYUAN village, Tanhua town is the political, economic and cultural center of Tanhua township. Tanhua is a typical mountainous Township inhabited by Yi people. There are four ethnic groups in the township. Among them, there are 6681 Yi people, accounting for 85.9% of the total population, mainly distributed in the four village committees of Tanhua, machaofang, zimidi and caixila; 1098 Han people, accounting for 14.1% of the total population; 1 Dai and 1 Susu. At the end of 2008, the per capita income of farmers was 1492.00 yuan.

human geography

Tanhua is the birthplace of "Chinese Yi People's 18 month solar calendar", the birthplace of Yi opera and the hometown of miyilu. It has a long history of culture, rich heritage, rich ethnic customs and beautiful natural scenery. The Yi People's dwellings, Yi People's costumes, food culture and national customs are still relatively complete. The traditional festival "flower arrangement Festival" is famous at home and abroad, and is listed as one of the 100 famous national traditional festivals in the world. As early as the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the Tanhua temple in the territory had the view of unifying the three counties (yaochi, Yanfeng and Yao'an). In 1993, Tanhua township was named as "the hometown of miyilu and the birthplace of Yi opera" by the Provincial Institute of national art; in 1997, Tanhua mountain was listed as a provincial scenic spot by the provincial people's government, which can be called "the forest of Vienna, China"; in 2000, Tanhua township was awarded the honorary title of "the hometown of Chinese folk art" by the Ministry of culture; in 2001, Tanhua township was listed as the National Park by Chuxiong State Party committee and state government In 2002, he won the "advanced collective of cultural work" award of the State Party committee and government.

Originated in Tanhua, the "Chinese Yi People's 18 month solar calendar" is a time rule observed, discovered and summarized by Yi people in their long-term production, life and social practice, which belongs to phenological calendar. It divided the year into 365 days, 18 months, 20 days in each month, the last five days of the year as the sacrificial day; in the form of phenology, each month was named after plants and animals, such as flowers, insects and birds, animals and so on, which connected the division of 18 months with the phenological changes of nature. Its formation integrated the scientific knowledge of astronomy, geography, nature and so on, and at that time could be represented by phenology Accurately recording and objectively reflecting the characteristics of meteorological changes and phenological representation is of great practical significance to agricultural production and daily life. According to the research of Professor Liu Yaohan, a famous expert on Yi culture, the "Chinese Yi 18 month solar calendar" originated from Tanhua is more than 5000 years earlier than the Mayan calendar of Mexico in the United States.

As one of the 56 ethnic minorities in China, Yi nationality has a long history. There are records and legends of the historical origin of the Yi people in Tanhua. Tanhua is one of the settlements of the lipo branch of the Yi nationality. Its Yi costumes continue to this day by hand embroidery. It has fine workmanship, gorgeous colors and various patterns, which has great development potential.

Gao Huiying, a famous Yi literati in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, left many stone carvings and relief carvings on the natural big sandstone in Tanhua mountain. His poems are highly ideological, and he is praised as one of the five famous thinkers in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, like Wang Fuzhi and Gu Yanwu. Gao Huiying has won the favor of the majority of calligraphy lovers with his smooth and fluent stone inscriptions.

Tanhua is the birthplace of Yi opera. Yang Sen, the founder of Yi opera, was born and raised in Tanhua. In his early years, he founded a folk culture club in Tanhua and organized folk art performances. In the mid-1970s, Yang Sen participated in the national cultural delegation's eastward performance in Japan. With his simple and straightforward performance style, he won the favor of the broad audience and won praise at home and abroad. He was once organized by the Ministry of culture of the people's Republic of China Southwest literature and art performance award. His representative work of literary and artistic performance, midnight sheep's cry, has created the first Yi opera, which is the birth of Yi opera.

national culture

It's said that miyilu is a beautiful, kind and brave Yi girl who gave her young life to fight against the tyrant and pacify the good. In order to commemorate her, the Yi people hold large-scale sacrificial activities on the eighth day of the second lunar month every year, putting Ma Yinghua, a symbol of the beautiful life of the Yi people, on her head, on the door of the house, between the fields, and on the door of the livestock pen. Every year on the eighth day of the second lunar month, it has become a grand traditional festival of the local Yi people - flower arranging Festival. During the flower arrangement Festival, Maying mountain tea is brilliant, and guests and friends at home and abroad gather to enjoy the style of Tanhua Yi Township, experience the customs of Yi nationality, explore the culture of Yi nationality, and celebrate the "flower arrangement Festival" with Tanhua people.

The folk custom of marriage and funerals in Tanhua is very mysterious. Eighteen or nine year old girls live separately with their parents in their boudoir (the Yi family is called Caolou). Young men in love are willing to determine their marriage relationship after living together through trial marriage. Once the marriage relationship is established, the family will be established and no wedding ceremony will be held. What they pursued was to hold a solemn funeral ceremony after death, and Bimo presided over the mourning and worship of the dead for more than three days. This custom has continued to this day. The local Yi people also pay attention to the food culture, such as burning potato and dipping buckwheat into honey. The method is unique, and the Xiaozhen wine brewed by themselves tastes very mellow. The local Yi people, men and women, old and young, love to drink. They often use drinking to relax their tendons, promote blood circulation, eliminate fatigue, and resist the wind and cold. The local Yi people are also good at tea ceremony. The local pine nut tea is mellow in taste and full in color and fragrance. Fire is an important part of their lives. Each family's fire pool is located in the center of the main hall. Beside the fire pool, there is a god of fire. The fire in the fire pool can not be extinguished. Fire is the continuation of their lives.

tourist resources

Tanhua has unique geographical conditions. Due to the large altitude difference, the obvious three-dimensional climate characteristics, and the zonal distribution of vegetation, it can be said that "one mountain has four seasons, and five miles have different days". The natural landscape is beautiful, with green mountains, beautiful waters, strange rocks and deep green. Tanhua's true portrayal is that "the miraculous skill makes the peaks, the iron wall is vertical and horizontal, the stone is strange and the Qing is deep, the Tangu Five Dragon Waterfall, the wind is billowing and the forest is drunk, and the Yi mountain is charming.". There is a famous Buddhist holy land Tanhua temple in the territory, with nearly 100 monks in its heyday. Qianbailin, Guimenguan, naiheqiao, Zhenzi boiling pot, Tangu Wulong waterfall group, Zhaobi mountain, ziziyan, tianxianyuan and other scenic spots all contain moving legends. From qianbailin to the five dragon waterfalls in Tangu, there are the secluded and narrow gate of ghost gate, the dangerous end of Naihe bridge, the mystery of steaming people and cooking pots, the strangeness of wangxiangtai and Fengdu, and the nature of reproductive rock.

rural economy

All departments at all levels of the township closely focus on the working ideas of the township party committee and the goals set by the people's Congress at the beginning of the year, strive to overcome all kinds of contradictions and difficulties in economic development, actively tap development potential, and ensure sustained and rapid economic growth. The total rural economic income of the township was 17.8483 million yuan, an increase of 6916 million yuan or 4.03% over the previous year, and the total agricultural output value was 30.5652 million yuan, an increase of 4.03% over the previous year

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Chu Xiong Yi Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Da Yao Xian Tan Hua Xiang