Mengjian Township, Gengma Dai and Wa Autonomous County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province

Mengjian Township

Mengjian township is located in the northwest of Gengma County, on the East Bank of Nanting River, between east longitude 99 ° 22 ′ - 99 ° 35 ′, north latitude 23 ° 42 ′ - 23 ° 54 ′. It is connected with mengsa town in the East. It borders Mengding Town, a national first-class port in the west, Gengma town in the south, junzhai Township, zhenkang County, and Chonggang Township, Yongde County across the river in the north. The land area is 281.19 square kilometers, with 15144 permanent residents (2017). Under the jurisdiction of Dazhai, mengjian, banwang, LAOCHANG and yingmenzhai, there are 5 villagers' committees, 48 villagers' groups and 49 natural villages

geographical environment

Mengjian terrain is half moon around the mountains, high in the East and low in the west, high and steep in the southeast, and gentle in the northwest. The lowest elevation in the township is 510 meters, which is located at the intersection of Nanting River and Gulao river. The highest altitude is 2356m, which is located in yaodingzi mountain of yingmenzhai village, with an elevation difference of 1850m. The soil is river valley sandy loam between 510-800m above sea level, and laterite, laterite and meadow soil between 800-2356m above sea level. Due to the large elevation difference, a local vertical climate is formed, which is dominated by tropical monsoon climate. The average annual temperature is 21 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is 3 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 39.7 ℃, the average annual rainfall is 1511 mm, the relative humidity is 78%, and the average annual sunshine is 6452 hours. Mengjian township is 68 kilometers away from Gengma County, 216 kilometers away from Lincang City and 787 kilometers away from Kunming, the provincial capital. Pangu highway crosses the border.

natural resources

Mengjian is rich in hot water resources, water resources, forest resources, mineral resources, as well as land resources suitable for the development of food, tea, rubber, sugarcane, coffee, longan, cassava, fruit and animal husbandry. Ten species of plant resources are protected at national and provincial levels, such as Hercules, Alsophila spinulosa, teak, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Magnolia officinalis, Litsea angustifolia, etc.; leopard, langur, porpoise tailed monkey, Formosan langur, gibbon, civet, Caragana leucocephala, etc. The forest area is 305000 mu, and the forest coverage rate is 53%. The ecological public welfare forest is 105000 mu (73000 mu in China), and the commercial forest is 13297.5 mu. By the end of 2006, there were 28000 mu of cultivated land, including 9249 mu of paddy field and 2.23 mu per capita.

History and culture

Mengjian, which means the place with more sour horns in Dai language, was formerly known as Dazhai commune. Xuanhua Town, also known as Dazhai circle in 1947, was liberated together with the whole county in October 1950. In 1958, the people's commune was established, known as Hongqi commune, which was subordinate to Gengma Hongwei commune. In December 1971, the commune was transferred from Gengma Hongwei commune. In January 1972, Dazhai commune was established. In 1982, it was renamed mengjian commune. In April 1984, it was divided into districts and mengjian District Office was established. In 1988, it was withdrawn from the district to build a township and renamed mengjian Township People's government. Mengjian is a place where Hinayana Buddhism flourishes. The Dai and Wa ethnic minorities here believe in Hinayana Buddhism. Most villages have temples, among which Dazhai temple and mengjian temple are the most influential, with a strong Buddhist cultural atmosphere. There are many hot springs in mengjian, and the larger ones are banwang xiaojunsai hot spring and yingmenzhai hot pool hot spring. Mengjian hot spring is famous for its treatment of rheumatism, skin and other diseases. Tourists come to the bath every year. Mengjian forest area is large, with good vegetation and rich animal and plant resources. The rare and protected animals listed in the national and provincial level include leopard, langur, porpoise tailed monkey, Formosan langur, gibbon, civet, white bellied pheasant, etc. The forest area is 305000 mu, and the forest coverage rate is 53%.

Economic situation

Mengjian township has an obvious three-dimensional climate. In terms of industrial layout, it is divided into three areas, namely dam area, semi mountainous area and mountainous area. Dam area: mainly below 550 meters above sea level. Focusing on the development strategy of "paying attention to grain in summer and money in winter", we should pay attention to the construction of high quality rice base and the development of early winter vegetables. The total area of rice is 14123 mu. Mid mountain area: mainly at an altitude of 550-1100 meters. Focus on consolidating and upgrading the rubber industry, and actively promote the banana, cassava and sugarcane industries. There are 6927 mu of bananas, 5834 mu of cassava and 2000 mu of sugarcane. Mountain area: above 1100 meters above sea level. At the same time of consolidating animal husbandry, we should focus on developing walnut and tea garden. At present, 45418 mu of walnut and 3000 mu of tea have been built. It is planned to develop 10000 mu of walnut and 10000 mu of tea this year and next year. In 2006, the gross national product (GNP) was 113.4 million yuan, the total grain output was 6457 tons, the per capita grain of farmers was 276 kg, the total income of rural economy was 32.95 million yuan, the per capita net income of farmers was 1554 yuan, and the total output value of township enterprises was 16.85 million yuan.

Economics

One is rubber. Mengjian is one of the most potential towns in Gengma county. It has a history of more than 40 years of rubber planting. According to the demonstration of superior competent departments and experts, the land area suitable for rubber planting is nearly 50000 mu. The rubber planting area of the township is 45418 mu, of which the cutting area is 12796 mu. There is a rubber processing plant with a daily processing capacity of 10 tons and an annual output of 752 tons of dry rubber. Area yield is second only to Mengding, ranking second in the county. Rubber accounts for 25% of the total income of rural economy. Second, animal husbandry. Mengjian mountain area is a natural grassland with large area and good vegetation. For a long time, animal husbandry has been the main economic source of mountain people. At the end of 2006, there were 6825 cattle, 13200 pigs, 1590 sheep and 30070 poultry in the township. The annual income of animal husbandry is 3.89 million yuan, accounting for 11.8% of the total income of rural economy.

social undertakings

infrastructure

Water conservancy facilities: mengjian is rich in surface water and groundwater. There are three East-West tributaries of the Nanting River, LAOCHANG River, Tiechang River and banwang river. All the rivers originate in the township and then flow into the Nanting River, which is responsible for the irrigation of the whole Township and the production and living of the masses. Due to the special geographical location and the lack of projects, mengjian had no reservoir and dam until 2007, so the rich water resources were not fully utilized. By 2007, there were 504 irrigation ditches in the township. Access: except Dazhai, which built 18 km Tanshi road into the village in 2007, the main roads in the five administrative villages of mengjian township are Shashi road and Tu road. The worst traffic conditions are LAOCHANG village and yingmenzhai village, which are impassable in rainy season. power supply: after the rural power grid transformation, the whole township has been electrified. water supply situation: mengjian is rich in water resources, but it has serious nitrate content, the dam area can hardly meet the drinking water standard, and the construction task of drinking water for human and livestock is relatively heavy. By 2007, there were 19 villages in the township that could not use tap water, including xiajunleng group, dashudi group, paya group, Laozhai group 1 and 2, etc. Access to television: mengjian township is high in mountains and wide in land. Except for the closed-circuit cable television around the township government, all five villages can only rely on their own ground receivers to watch TV. telephone communication: rural communication is developing rapidly, and most of the rural areas in the township have the conditions to install program-controlled telephone, with mobile and smart signal coverage. As mobile phones entered the countryside, five village committees dismantled landlines. construction of biogas digesters: the development and utilization of biogas based clean energy has always been an important work of mengjian Township and even the whole county, and also an indicator of the construction of a new socialist countryside. By 2007, a total of 184 biogas digesters have been built through a lot of publicity, pilot and support. Streets, leisure and entertainment facilities and public health facilities: due to the special geographical location of mengjian Township, Chonggang township of Yongde County, Junsai township of zhenkang County, Furong and Mengding farm of Gengma county have long been used to going to the market in mengjian. By 2007, a main street of 150 meters long and 20 meters wide was built. But because there is no farmers' market, the streets are very crowded. The strong flow of people promotes the development of mengjian leisure and entertainment places, and also drives the prosperity of the whole mengjian market. There are as many as 10 shuttle buses from mengjian to Gengma and mengjian to Mengding every day. But the street facilities of mengjian are not perfect, which is in contrast with the prosperous market.

Population health

The permanent resident population is 15144 (2017), and there are 13 ethnic groups including Han, Dai, WA, Lahu, Jingpo, De'ang, Bulang, Yi, Lisu, Bai, Hui, Miao and Buyi. there is a health center and five village clinics in the township, with 23 medical staff, including 9 village doctors. The hospital is equipped with a small black-and-white B-ultrasound machine, and only two of the five villages have clinics. The township government has set up a family planning service office with 3 employees and 5 family planning propagandists. Under the guidance of the county family planning bureau, the effect of family planning work is obvious, and all indicators are within the control number. In 2006, 33 rural only child applicants were granted certificates, exceeding the task. One village was rated as qualified for family planning.

cultural education

By 2007, mengjian township has set up a central school with 21 primary schools, including 5 village primary schools, 5 secondary teachers' schools and 10 schools. There are 73 teaching staff, including 69 full-time teachers, 3 workers and 35 substitute teachers. The qualification rate is 100%. In the autumn semester of 2007, there were 1285 students, and the enrollment rate was 99.66%. The building area of the school is 8776 square meters, including 2313 square meters of dangerous buildings. there is a junior middle school. There are 12 teaching classes and 43 teaching staff in junior middle school, including 39 full-time teachers and 4 working staff. Hiring substitute teachers

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