Tongda Lisu Township, Huaping County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province

Tongda Lisu Township

Tongda Lisu township is located in the west of Huaping County, Yunnan Province. It is 50 kilometers away from the county. It is adjacent to Yongsheng and Ninglang counties in the northwest. It covers a total area of 151.7 square kilometers, with an altitude of 1562-3198.3 meters and a relative elevation difference of 1636.3 meters. The terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast with high mountains and deep valleys and crisscross gullies. The township governs Tongda, Weixin, Shuanglong, Dingwang, baiguhe and other five villagers' committees, with 48 villagers' groups.

Resources and environment

Tongda Lisu Township covers an area of 151.7 square kilometers, including 10394.16 mu of cultivated land, 193197 mu of forest land (including 3257.4 mu of fruit land, 545.35 mu of water surface area, 6392 mu of grassland, 13950.26 mu of barren mountains and wasteland, and 3064 mu of other areas). Suitable for planting vegetables, rice, corn, wheat, buckwheat, broad beans, peas, sweet potatoes and other crops, economic crops walnut, pepper, apple, snow peach, cherry, plum and so on. The lowest altitude of Tongda township is 1562 meters, the highest altitude is 3198.3 meters, the relative elevation difference is 1636.3 meters, the annual average temperature is 11 ℃ - 16 ℃, the frost period is 90-120 days, and the annual light is about 2500 hours. Frost, storm, hail and other natural disasters are frequent. The territory is rich in coal, granite, gypsum and other mineral resources, water resources are relatively rich, has built three power stations, the installed capacity of 8280 kilowatts. 1110 biogas digesters and 53 households with solar energy are built in the township.

infrastructure

in order to further consolidate the infrastructure and accelerate the sound and rapid economic and social development of the township, the township party committee and government actively strive for funds and increase investment. In terms of water conservancy construction, two small (II) reservoirs in the territory have been strengthened and the spillway has been reconstructed in three aspects; the drinking water ditches connecting shangdagou and Lagu River have been built; the Deping ditches in Tiejiang village and Weixin village have been repaired; the Hongshiyan ditch and Shuanglong Daliangzi ditch have been reconstructed; more than 50000 yuan has been invested in 180 new small water cellars and 5 drinking water projects for human and livestock. In highway construction, we organized the masses to work hard, maintained 11 highways in the township, and built a new bridge. In terms of rural energy construction, combined with the implementation of the "919" ecological project for enriching the people and the construction project of food and clothing villages and key villages, 1070 biogas digesters and 1850 firewood saving stoves have been built in the township, of which the biogas digesters in Shuanglong Village account for 89% of the total number of households in the village; on the basis of educational infrastructure, baiguhe village primary school has been built, and the residential buildings for dingwangmin primary school students and Tongda Jiuyi school students have been completed Building.

national culture

In the deep mountains and canyons of Tongda Township in the west of Huaping County, there is a mysterious Taliu people and a strange hualisu people. The two ethnic groups are named after their colorful costumes, and the most eye-catching is their unique folk songs and dances. Singing, dancing and playing hulusheng are their natures and hobbies. Singing and dancing, like their shadows and friends, have a long history with their production and life. In recent years, with the concern and support of governments at all levels, the poverty alleviation and development efforts in the ethnic areas have been intensified. Through the implementation of a series of construction, such as food and clothing villages, key villages and whole villages, the infrastructure construction in these two ethnic areas has been further strengthened and improved, and the industrial structure adjustment has been steadily promoted, so that the people of these two ethnic groups are moving forward towards the construction of a new socialist countryside It has effectively promoted the economic and cultural development of the two peoples. In 2000, at the naming and on-site experience exchange meeting of the hometown of Chinese folk art, Tongda Lisu Township in Huaping County, which is famous for its hualisu song and dance in Dingwang village, was named "the hometown of Chinese folk art" by the Ministry of culture. Taliu people there is a mysterious group of Taliu people living in Tongda township. Although they were classified as a branch of the Yi nationality by the national certification in 1954, Taliu people think that their ancestors were Han people, and their language is neither Chinese nor the language of the Yi nationality. "Taliu people" in his left words means people from afar, Waijiang people. Up to now, there are only more than 600 people left in Tongda village. the flannel cloth he left people to weave is a real one that is hard to find so far. It's a keepsake for men and women to get married locally, and it's rare for foreigners to buy it. His marriage is a monogamy of free love and free Union. But it is characterized by the love between men and women who live in "youth shed" before marriage. It is the main form of free love before marriage for women to live in "sheds" and men to "string sheds". When a woman reaches the age of marriage and childbearing, her parents set up a "youth shed" at the gate for her daughter to receive her boyfriend. Girls who wear black skirts mean they can start making boyfriends. Unmarried women wear black skirts during menstruation, usually wear white skirts and live in "youth shed". Whenever night falls, the young man goes to the shed. The long love song, the cheerful whistle and the wonderful sound of the reed flute add a bit of mystery and romance to his village. After "hanging out of the shed", both men and women may not decide for life. The man can hang out with other men, and the woman can also receive other men without interference. Once the two lovers have established their engagement, they can get married. After marriage, they will become a monogamous family, and the woman will no longer wear a white dress. Hualisu culture the hualisu people living in this township are the main ethnic groups in this township. According to the relevant historical records in Shijixing, they lived here before and after A.D. after thousands of years of survival and reproduction, they have retained the excellent native culture. The vast nature has given the hualisu people profound national culture and broad space for cultural development. In the past, slash and burn farming was the main farming method, and extensive farming was used. Up to now, the local hualisu people have strengthened their infrastructure construction, accepted advanced production technology, education and culture, have stable production and life, and have achieved rapid economic and social development. Its traditional ethnic songs and dances, ethnic costumes, handicrafts, wedding customs, festivals and sacrifices have important research and development value. Most of the Lisu People wear self-woven linen clothes. Men generally wear short shirts, trousers knee length, some with blue cloth Baotou, left waist wear machete, right waist hanging quiver. Women wear a right Lapel tunic and a long skirt. Their heads are decorated with red and white beads and their chests are lined with colorful beads. 2. Lisu people respect the elderly. When eating, the first bowl of hands to the elderly, eat chicken liver clip to the elderly, chicken head to the oldest. If you kill a pig, some old people will cut the liver into several pieces and keep the head as a new year's gift for their parents and parents in law. If you only kill one head, cut it in half. When killing pigs and cattle for a wedding, you should give the biggest head to your parents in law. 3. Monogamy is practiced in marriage. In the past, leaders and wealthy families were polygamous. After marriage, the man separated from his parents and formed a small family. Young men and women love freely before marriage, but marriage is often arranged by their parents. The marriage of wife, brother and wife, uncle and cousin, and sub consanguinity was prevalent. After death, people were buried in the earth, and there was a clan cemetery. There are many taboos in Lisu, such as not stealing other people's things. It has a fine tradition of "never take anything with your palms sweating"; it is forbidden to curse people with filthy language; it is forbidden to gossip in front of the ancestors; it is forbidden to bury iron objects and hunt hair in the tomb; it is forbidden to move the corner of the room where the ancestors are worshipped; it is forbidden to eat dog meat, mule meat and horse meat; it is forbidden to cross the fire pool in the house; it is forbidden to sit on the threshold; it is forbidden to break in when the mother is not full moon; it is forbidden to beat cuckoo (it is said that the bird is heaven) It is forbidden to cut down sacred trees, etc. Hualisu ethnic costumes hualisu costumes, exquisite workmanship, simple and beautiful, colorful, woven into the inspiration of the sun, moon and stars, decorated with rainbow seven color halo, unique cultural connotation, the myth and reality clever combination, let the beauty of nature and the beauty of human nature and harmonious unity. It is said that after the God of ersa made the heaven and the earth, he assigned the God of Val to heaven and earth. Val's head was shining, but he couldn't hold it for a long time. Elsa made a big round head handkerchief for Val to wear. With the handkerchief, he was able to hold it steady. The sky is stable, and the ground is unstable. It often shakes. The main reason is that God Val is not dressed and shakes when he sees people. The God of ersa peeled the skin of twelve mountains to make skirt feathers, drew the tendons of ninety-nine rivers to make skirt pillars, and gathered the flowers of seventy-seven mountains to make clothes. Without a belt, ersa cut half of the rainbow in the sky and tied it around Val's waist. With beautiful dresses and colorful belts, the God of waer stabilized the world, and the ancestors of hualisu were able to live and work in peace and contentment. because of the bright and beautiful clothes of waer God, the ancestors of hualisu imitated waer's clothes and headdress to make women's clothes. The headdress was made of more than ten meters of black cloth, crossed into five corners, layer by layer upward. The front eaves of the headdress were decorated with colorful silk thread, white jade beads and colored beads to form a beautiful picture, which was like a tassel. The back eaves were integrated with colorful wool threads and hung on the flower belt. The coat was made of silver foam collar, On the right side of the skirt, five patterns are embroidered with colored silk thread on the breast, sleeve opening and corner. The colors are mainly red and green. The young women's coat is colorful, while the middle-aged and old women's coat is darker. The long skirt is made of twelve pieces of clay woven linen with narrow upper and wide lower parts. The skirt length reaches the heel. The skirt surface is made of 77 times of wool woven red thread and black thread alternately on the white cloth to form the skirt column, The ribbon is eight pieces, each piece is embroidered into a beautiful pattern with silk thread, and connected with a small linen belt at the waist. The belt is used to stabilize the long skirt. Generally, it is embroidered into a beautiful pattern with colorful silk thread and tied at the waist

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Li Jiang Shi Hua Ping Xian Tong Da Li Su Zu Xiang