Shijiahe Town, Tianmen City, Hubei Province

Shijiahe town

Shijiahe town is located in the northwest of Tianmen City and the south foot of Dahong mountain in Hubei Province. The town covers an area of 133 square kilometers and has jurisdiction over 36 administrative villages, a neighborhood committee and 391 villager groups, with a total population of 58000.

Shijiahe town is the world-famous birthplace of Shijiahe culture; the discovery of Shijiahe site, a settlement site in the new era, proves that both the Yangtze River and Yellow River cultures are the origin of Chinese civilization; the excavation of Tucheng site in the Western Zhou Dynasty represents the formation of patriarchal clan. Shijiahe is the "red town" of Jianghan Plain. It used to be the seat of Tianmen county Party committee during the revolutionary period. It is the place where he long and other comrades of the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries fought and lived. The martyrs' cemetery is the patriotic education base of Tianmen.

In November 2016, the Department of civil affairs of Hubei Province officially approved that with the approval of the provincial government, Shihe town of Tianmen City was renamed as Shijiahe town. The provincial civil affairs department pointed out in the reply on the renaming of Shihe town in Tianmen City to Shijiahe town that, with the approval of the provincial government, it is agreed that Shihe town in Tianmen City will be renamed to Shijiahe Town, and its administrative region and the residence of the town people's government will remain unchanged.

Historical evolution

Shijiahe town used to be referred to as < I > Shihe < / I >. Stone river, to its east there is a river flow, clear water can be seen river stone, hence the name, this Gu said. In fact, there are no stones in the river, only the green water plants in the river. It is also said that Shihe is the river of the Shijia family. If this theory is true, there must be a large family of the Shijia family who is the master of the river. However, according to the investigation, there are very few surnames of Shi in this area, and the distribution is very rare. The origin of the name of Shijiahe town was not detailed in Tianmen county annals. However, Shihe is a Neolithic site, the earliest human activity area, the oldest ancient town of Tianmen, and the birthplace of Tianmen, known as "cradle of Tianmen". during the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Shijiahe was the place of ancient Yun state, and later was the seat of Jingling city of Chu state. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, Shijiahe was the seat of Jingling county or jingling county. PI Rixiu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, once wrote a poem about the stone river. His poem "sunset" is as follows: "< I > the sunset is as gorgeous as the clear sky, < / I > < I > sitting on the gate of heaven, I want to rush down. < / I > < I > Hanbi is on the top of a solitary peak in ten li, and half of the river is red in several villages. < I > < I > in a desolate city, people return to pasture at dusk, while in a distant city, people live in the sand and clear water. < / I > < I > looking back on where Chang'an is, in the five clouds of the rugged palace. < / I > " the barren city is also the Tucheng where jingling county government is located in the Qin Dynasty. In this ancient land, there are many kinds of cultural layers, reflecting the ancient glory of mankind. Shijiahe site is located in Tucheng. Shijiahe ancient city not only preserves the largest and most complete Neolithic settlement site discovered so far in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, but also preserves the largest ancient city of Qujialing culture and a well preserved ancient city of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The Shijiahe cultural site and its named Shijiahe culture represent the highest level of prehistoric cultural development in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and occupy a very important position in the history of the origin and development of Chinese civilization. Even today, stone tools can still be found in the fields or by the river in Tucheng. Among them, stone axes are the most common. They are usually polished stone tools, so they are called Neolithic Age in archaeological history. Zeng JUNHE, a villager, got an ancient sword in the mud of the river. It was shining and could break his hair. He presented it to the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics and recorded it as librarian Yun. Whether the name of Shihe River is related to stone tools is very likely. However, the lack of literature, can only be Gu Cun said. In the mid-1970s, Shihe could still be called an ancient town. At that time, even compared with Luzhi and Tongli in Suzhou, Shihe would not lose a point. The street of Shihe old street is more than two feet wide. It is paved with the same color of bluestone slab. There is a ditch under the bluestone slab to drain water. The houses on both sides of the street are well arranged. They are all small businesses. All the wooden boards are walls with carved patterns or hollow flower walls. Long wooden doors can be removed or installed in groups to facilitate the entry and exit of goods. There are shops, department stores, farm tools, snacks, firewood, rice, oil and salt, Xinhua Bookstore, everything. The busiest time is in the morning. Before dawn, the town is busy. The streets are full of vegetables, chickens and ducks, fish buyers and meat sellers.

The following are records of Tianmen county annals:

< / I > Shijiahe town is densely populated with rivers and canals. It is easy to be waterlogged in case of heavy rain, and it will be dry if it doesn't rain, but generally speaking, there is plenty of rain. The main crops in the surrounding villages are rice, and a small amount of dry land is planted with wheat and sesame. Shihe has a mild climate, short winter and long summer. Except for winter, it is green everywhere. In March, the grass grows and the kite flies, which is particularly beautiful. After April, Shijiahe town is surrounded by rice fields and lotus roots, with green waves rolling and fragrant. There is a small street behind the main street of Shihe. Most of the people live in the water. If they are not careful, lotus root's new arrow will go down the steps of people's backyard. Shihe's grain has been monopolized by the state for a long time, so it can't be sold on the street. Aquatic products can be sold on the street. Most of them are wild, including crucian carp, silver carp, black fish, Huanggu fish, Baitiao, grass shrimp, eel, loach, wangba (commonly known as foot fish), etc. at that time, the price of aquatic products was cheap. A cloth bag of eel was about five or six kilograms, and it was difficult to sell for two yuan. Therefore, eel and loach escaped without any When people go to catch them, they can often pick up the escaped Monopterus albus and loach under the stone slab of the street. The west of the street is a little far away from the market. There are medicine shops, bookstores, stationery shops, and the district office is also here. Both Chinese and Western medicine are sold in drugstores. The bookstores mainly include political books, posters, comic books, novels and general books. At that time, the clerk of the bookstore was a beautiful woman with white skin and neat clothes. She was a "tofu beauty" in the town. To the west of the district is the veterinary station. A man and a woman are common in the station. The man is good at playing erhu, especially in "Er Quan Ying Yue" and "galloping in a thousand li Cao Yuan". The sound breaks through the roof, and women love to hear it. They are playing and chasing all day, and they don't know if there is any romantic affair. On the opposite side is the martyr Pavilion. In November 1942, the 43rd regiment of the fifth division of the New Fourth Army set up a stone tablet for the Anti Japanese martyrs of the New Fourth Army, engraved with the words "Ming Zhen Yu e" on the forehead, and engraved with the names and positions of 156 martyrs. In 1963, the county people's government built a memorial Pavilion for martyrs at the stone tablet. Later, a martyr's cemetery was built here. This pavilion is Shihe revolutionary education base. The west of the pavilion is Xihe, and the stone bridge is Shihe health center. Shijiahe Town, in addition to health centers, also has joint clinics, which are institutions to protect the health of the people, but the latter is small in scale.

administrative division

Shijiahe Town, Tianmen City (36 villages and 1 Community Neighborhood Committee), Longwang, Jiepai, Zhusi, liufangling, Fuxingchang, Dongxiang, Tucheng, Xihe, Donghe, Shihe, pailing, Tangli, Luling, HuLong, Xiaxin, Tangdian, Zhuanmiao, duanchang, Jiangdian, zhouzui, wangzui, yizui, Lizui, Zhuge, Zhangxiang, sunchong, Shimiao, Yaoling, Wuliu, Cailing, Hongshan temple Donghong, Huayuan, Wuhuan, Yangling, Dongqiao; neighborhood committee of Shijiahe town.

Local style

The river of stone river is also called the East River, so there is the West River to the west of the town. Now the West River has been blocked and the flow is slow, and the name of the East River has been gradually weakened. Since ancient times, there has been a stream of mountains and rivers in Jingshan's * Chong mountain, and its accumulation is clear and clear, and the river has been injected into the county by the east of the Shi Jiahe town. At last, it has been injected into Hanjiang River, and Hanshui has been injected into the Yangtze River in Hanyang. Now the Shihe River is injected into the Hanbei River and then into the Hanjiang River. Therefore, although the East River is small, it connects with the Yangtze River. In the past, people in Shijiahe town were most proud of "going down to Hankou". They had to take a boat down the East River to Tianmen, then to yuekou to enter the Hanshui River, and finally to Hankou. "Xiahankou" is the most proud and the most embarrassing thing for Shihe people. People call it "xiahankou" when children wet their beds. before liberation, there was a small wooden bridge on the Donghe River, which was rebuilt into a reinforced concrete bridge in the late 1950s and can be connected by car. Nowadays, due to the local construction of Tianmen City, the stones are transported from Jingshan and rolled by large goods. The stone bridge has become a dangerous bridge, but it can be passed by pedestrians and small cars, and all large goods are prohibited. There used to be a three hole bridge made of bluestones in the West River, but now the stone bridge is still in good condition. There are two rivers in Shijiahe Town, such as Double Dragons. The two rivers are the natural barriers of the town. People have to go through two bridges when they enter the town, otherwise they can't do it.

Education and culture

Located in the outskirts of Shijiahe Town, the Shijiahe cultural site is 7000 years old, with tens of thousands of jade, pottery, bone ware, japonica rice, bronze and other cultural relics, and the discovery of taozu, an important landmark of the patriarchal clan period in primitive society. After expert identification, it has high historical, cultural and artistic appreciation value, and the State Department in charge of cultural relics identified it as the largest Neolithic village site in southern China. There is a middle school in the south of Shijiahe town and the west of Yangwan. It used to be a primary school. In the past, Shihe children had to go to Tianmen or Jingshan County to go to middle school. In the 1970s, Shihe primary school was abandoned and began to run a middle school. There was a well in the middle school, which was the first well in Shijiahe town. With a hand-held iron handle, the spring water flowed out freely, gurgling and drinking like a teapot. Many students are moistened by the well, so there are many talents and many beauties in Shihe. Shihe people can recite the song "child prodigy poem" compiled by Wang Zhu of the Northern Song Dynasty: "the emperor attaches great importance to heroes, and the article teaches Er Cao. Everything is inferior, only reading is high. " Its heavy study so! After the resumption of the national college entrance examination in the late 1970s, Tianmen became the top of the national college entrance examination, known as the "number one county", and Shihe was the key town of general education in Tianmen. The people of youshihe are all based on farming and reading. There are many famous poets in the town. Xiangkai, Jiazhen, Qifu, Caiying and other sages sing and reward each other. At that time, the style of writing is very prosperous. The calligraphy of Xiangkai and Caiying is the crown of Tianmen for a time, and the students follow them back and forth. Nowadays, due to family planning, the number of students has dropped sharply. Shihe middle school has been reduced from high school to junior high school. There are primary schools in Donghe and Xihe, which are called Donghe primary school and Xihe primary school. Educational achievements are no longer the same

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