Balihe Town, Yingshang County, Fuyang City, Anhui Province

Balihe town

Balihe Town, subordinate to Yingshang County, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, is located in the south of Yingcheng City, 5 kilometers away from the city. It is adjacent to Huaihe River in the south, runs through balihe River in the middle, connects the third Lake in the upper and Yinghe River in the lower. The terrain is complex, with hills, lakes and depressions crisscross. The town has a land area of 79.15 square kilometers, a permanent population of 58136 (2017), a cultivated land area of 48500 mu, and 31 administrative villages. Among them, balihe scenic spot is a national 5A scenic spot, which is famous far and near. Balihe fishing ground is a leading aquatic enterprise in Northwest Anhui. Balihe town was originally a fishery commune, and then set up balihe district. After withdrawing the district and merging the township in 1992, balihe township was established. In March 1997, balihe township was transformed into a town.

Historical evolution

Because of the crustal movement, balihe town and daijiahu lake formed simultaneously, forming a long East-West Jiagou and several tributaries. Later, dense willows grew naturally on both sides of Jiagou. In order to survive, human beings sought the natural environment on which they lived. When they came here, they cultivated and lived on the slightly sloping loess land. Since then, people have called this Jiagou Liugou, and its upstream is still called Liugou. Later, there was a small town by the ditch, which was called Liugou town. Liugou is located on the left side of the Huaihe River, which is connected with daijiahu lake. Daijiahu lake is connected with the Huaihe River. When the flood rises, it will reach Liugou river. The lower reaches of Liugou River are low-lying, with the source of a hundred miles on the top and the Huaihe River on the bottom. During Dayu's flood control, people on both sides of the Huaihe River also built embankments for flood control. The Liugou river is separated from the Huaihe River several times, which makes the Liugou River have no place to flow and flood.

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a sluice was built to control the Liugou river. Later, it was washed down by a huge flood and directly flowed down the Huaihe River. At this time, we had to dredge the situation, and Liugou river became a haven for Huaihe River. When merchants set foot in Liugou Town, it became a prosperous town of land and water transportation. After many times of flood impact, the riverbed of Liugou river was silted and the river surface was widened, forming a low lake depression, and the appearance of Liugou no longer exists.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, because of frequent wars and floods, Liugou river was ignored. The floods went straight to Liugou town and Baique temple. Good fields were submerged, houses collapsed and people fled. It became a desolate land. However, it has left behind magical legends and historic sites. Such as Miao Sanjie, siwangtai, waizuijing, jiunvfen, xiaoguzhou, mopangang, tongzitan, Jiulong Zhubei, Wenlong bridge and ancient temple.

In June 1938, the Kuomintang government broke the dyke at Huayuankou of the Yellow River, resulting in the flooding of the Yellow River from the Yinghe River to the balihe river. The river bed rose, the water surface widened, the fertile land flooded, the houses collapsed, and the surrounding people fled to survive.

* Yingshang County chronicles records: "the water is kept, so the vast ocean is very large, and the north and South are eight miles away, so the Eight Mile River is called." It is also more than 30 Li long from east to west. In history, people from south to north only relied on a few broken boats to cross the river

Balihe, the river is sad,

A broken ship full of passengers,

Stand on the shore and wait,

Swaying till sunset.

Rainy days, sad river,

There is no place for pedestrians here,

Hungry, cold and hungry,

There is no cover for the lake.

If there is a patient in urgent need of treatment in the county hospital, it is not only difficult to call the boat on the other side, but also two hours of rowing on the boat, delaying the patient's illness. In the winter of the 33rd year of the Republic of China, a family surnamed Wang held a wedding ceremony at Madian ferry. The bride's boat was cut by the ice, sank into the ice, and never came back. Similar incidents happen from time to time.

People on both sides of the river mainly live in agriculture, with fishing as the secondary. The backward production tools and methods have not changed the appearance of balihe. In the memory of the old people, the water of the balihe river is vast all the year round. There are many waterfowls, and the branches of the lake are full of lotus root and buckwheat. Even in a dry year, the traffic is not convenient. In song and Ming Dynasties, Xuqiao and Mazu bridges were built on the upper reaches of Liugou River, which were destroyed by floods at the end of Qing Dynasty. By the time of the Republic of China, these two bridges were made of only a few stones. As long as the lake rises and the bridge submerges in summer, there are only two ferries in the two places to maintain the north-south traffic. Youhu bridge is even more simple and crude, and can only pass in autumn and winter when there is little rain.

At the beginning of the liberation in 1954, the balihe river was not reconstructed and utilized in time, and the flood robbed all the banks of the balihe river. Ying and Huo counties have become a state of Ze. Yinghuai rivers meet. Balihe, daijiahu, qiujiahu, jiangjiahu, chengxihu and Tangduo lakes merge into a vast ocean.

From the winter of 1954 to the spring of 1955, the government arranged for the victims to move northward for production and self rescue. After autumn, the Huaihe River and balihe River Diversion Project began. The construction of Yangang Dyke on the North Bank of Huaihe River broke the ground, intercepted the channel of balihe River into Huaihe River, opened the flow path of balihe River into Yinghe River, and built a sluice to intercept it. From then on, balihe became a tributary of Yinghe river.

In 1958, a fishing ground was set up in balihe River, but it did not put in and manage the lake surface, and only produced fry. During the three-year difficult period, especially in 1960, people on both sides of the Strait went down to the river to fish for clams, water chestnut, shrimp and weeds. Balihe helped people on both sides of the Strait to tide over the difficulties.

In 1972, in order to develop the balihe River, Yingshang County Party committee and county government gathered the fishermen of the whole county who had been wandering all the year round to settle here, set up the fishery commune, and began the management of the balihe river.

In 1976, Shi Fangjun was the Secretary of the Party committee of the fishery commune. In 1976, he began to harness it. He successively developed shengtianwei, chongtianwei, youhuwei and daoxiangwei, rebuilt Xuqiao and mazhuqiao, and communicated with bangang, Guantun and Yingcheng.

In 1978, we began to put in fish fry and manage the surface of balihe lake.

In 1982, the central Fisheries Company, the Provincial Fisheries Company and the county agriculture, animal husbandry and Fishery Bureau jointly invested 1.93 million yuan to establish the "state-owned balihe joint venture fishing ground in Yingshang County", and completed the excavation task of 1500 mu intensive fish pond in shengtianwei.

Since 1992, the use of natural scenery to develop tourism, just as the so-called "Hongze left beach, great disaster, rely on human resources to feel the sky" (huaiying Fu). After more than ten years of development, balihe scenic spot has been built in 3600 mu of marshland. It was rated as the national agricultural tourism demonstration site in 2004, and passed the acceptance of AAAAA scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration in 2013.

In May 1993, it was awarded "global top 500" by the United Nations Environment Programme.

In 2001, it was approved by the provincial government to establish a provincial nature reserve.

In August 2004, it was designated as "youth publicity and education base of China Environmental Protection Foundation" by China Environmental Protection Foundation.

In 2005, it was rated as "national beautiful environment town", won "China Environment Award green Oriental Town Award" and "national civilized town".

On October 11, 2013, balihe scenic spot was awarded the title of "national AAAAA scenic spot" by the National Tourism Administration.

On September 29, 2014, balihe scenic spot was awarded the title of "National Water Conservancy Scenic Spot" by the Ministry of water resources.

Geography

Regional location

Balihe nature reserve is located in Yingshang County, at the intersection of Yinghe River and Huaihe River. Its geographical coordinates are 116 ° 01 ′～ 116 ° 38 ′ E and 32 ° 54 ′～ 32 ° 57 ′ n. With balihe River as the center and known as "one river, two bays and five lakes", the reserve is a natural permanent freshwater lake in Huaihe River system, with a total area of 14600hm2. The main protected objects are rare waterfowls and their habitats.

Geological soil

In fact, balihe is a large inland lake, which has been a long-term subsidence area in ancient times. Since the third century, the earth's crust has undergone geological movement dominated by subsidence, forming a low mountain and hilly landform. In the fourth century, the Huaibei plain developed rivers, and the earth's crust rose slightly. In the tenth century, the Yellow River flooded southward for many times, and the sediments continued to cover and accumulate, leaving stagnant water Lakes. The soil around balihe Lake area is brown soil.

Water system climate

This area is a typical lake area of Huaihe River and Yinghe River Basin. Huaihe River and Yinghe River pass through the area. Wetlands and swamps account for one third of the whole area. It is rich in wild animal and plant resources. The Bank of balihe lake, the core area, is zigzag, 15 km long from East to west. The terrain is complex, with crisscross hills and lakes, polder areas and swamps.

The reserve is located in the transition zone from warm temperate zone to subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons and sufficient light. The annual average temperature is 15.1 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 41.2 ℃ (August 8, 1996), the extreme minimum temperature is - 22.8 ℃ (January 31, 1969). The annual average frost free period is 221 days, the annual sunshine is 2213.3 hours, and the annual average precipitation is 923.8 mm.

Biological species

Balihe wetland has an important geographical location and rich biodiversity. There are 47 species of fish, 5 species of amphibians, 5 species of reptiles, 8 species of mammals, and 137 species of birds in 49 families of 16 orders. Among them, there are 14 species of Oriental White Stork, white headed crane and great bustard under the first level national protection; 5 species of curly feathered pelican, white spoonbill, Little Swan, mandarin duck, white tailed Harrier, magpie Harrier, kestrel, grey crane, white naped crane and little crow cuckoo under the second level national protection; 5 species of cuckoo, big cuckoo, house swallow, golden waist swallow and black naped Oriole under the first level provincial protection; and common cormorant and bean geese under the second level provincial protection There are 19 species of them.

administrative division

As of 2010, fishermen community, panchong community, dongshilipu community, Youhu village, Hanying village, Wangxinzhuang village, Renli village, Zhugang village, Wantai village, Shaowei Village

population

Balihe town is located in Yingshang County, 8 kilometers south of the city, Ying, Huai River

Chinese PinYin : An Hui Sheng Fu Yang Shi Ying Shang Xian Ba Li He Zhen