Li Sheng
Li Sheng
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Li Sheng, named Maotang, was born in Kunming, Yunnan Province in 1911. He lives in Cailu village, jinjiahe, Qianwei Town, Guandu District, Kunming. Li's distant ancestor was originally from Yunan Township in the south of Nanjing city. He came to Yunnan with muying during the Hongwu Period of the Ming Dynasty, so he came to his family. Among his descendants, there were many scholars and martial arts examinees. Li Sheng has three sisters and a brother, Li Kun. His father's name is Li Wenyou.
preface
Li Sheng, the honest and upright son of Kunming Guandu people, is a rare talent in agricultural education and technology in Yunnan. Unfortunately, in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, he was falsely accused and framed to death, which is a loss to Yunnan's agricultural education and technology. According to the introduction of people familiar with the matter and the relevant historical data of Kaiyuan city, the general situation of the first unjust case in southern Yunnan and Li Sheng is summarized as follows.
brief account of the author's life
When Li Sheng was a boy, his original name was Li Chun, but later it was changed to Li Sheng. He holds the high school graduation certificate and is admitted to Yunnan Provincial Normal School. First he studies in Junior Normal School, then he studies in senior normal school. Li Sheng and Nie Shouxin are classmates and have a good relationship. Nie Shouxin lives in Duanshi street and likes to play Yueqin. He often plays with Li Sheng's relatives in Kunming. Li Sheng also had a good relationship with his classmate Zhang Tianfang (Zhang Tianfang later made great contributions to the country and served as vice governor of Yunnan Province and vice chairman of the provincial CPPCC after liberation). After graduating from normal school, Li Sheng and Nie Shouxin left Kunming. Later, Nie Shouxin specialized in music and changed his name to Nie Er. Li Sheng was admitted to private Jinan University. Half a year later, he enrolled in Peking University. Li Sheng applied for the examination and became a public student in the Department of agronomy of National Peking University. He received a grant of 15 yuan per month. From September 1932 to June 1937, he studied agricultural knowledge and practical techniques such as sericulture in Peking University. He also learned foreign languages very well and could speak English, Japanese and French.
Top agronomic students
At that time, there was a great shortage of talents in Yunnan, and the economy and culture were very backward. Few students like Li Sheng were admitted to universities in other provinces, and few went to study abroad. During the whole period of the Republic of China, there were only seven talents in Yunnan who specialized in Agronomy from Peking University, Zhongda University, Jinan University and other universities.
After graduating from Peking University, Li Sheng returned to his hometown, full of the patriotic feelings of "serving the country with knowledge" and "serving the country with science" shared by the intellectuals at that time, invested in economic construction, looking forward to the prosperity of the motherland. Li Sheng is a rare talent. His name has been recorded in the history book "continuation of Yunnan general annals" published by the office of Yunnan Provincial chronicles Compilation Committee in October 1985, Volume II, page 828.
Study agricultural science and technology
Li Sheng married Yang, but Yang died in childbirth. Later, Li Sheng joined a reclamation team of Yunnan Provincial Department of construction to set up a farm in Xishuangbanna to plant improved cotton, tea and other crops. He fell in love with Dao Nanmeng, a Dai girl, and married him. He gave birth to a daughter named Li Qiongyao. Dao Nanmeng's elder brothers are Dao Jianxun and Dao Jiangang (one of them later served as the head of Nanqiao County in chefonan area, and Dao Nanmeng worked in the health department of Nanqiao county). The local chieftain forces were hostile to them and killed the leader of the reclamation team in the toilet. The team couldn't continue. The team members had to withdraw to Kunming as soon as possible. Dao Nanmeng supported their work, but they didn't want to leave Xishuangbanna with Li Sheng. After they broke up, they asked a relative to give Li Sheng some money and jewelry.
Ma chongliu and Ma Chongzhou, well-known figures in Yunnan, sympathized with Li Sheng's experience and appreciated such a rare agricultural talent. They introduced their niece Ma Shaohua to marry Li Sheng.
Li Sheng has successively served as the farm chief of Sipu District of Yunnan Provincial Department of construction, the affairs director of Kunming Normal University, the agriculture and forestry section chief of Jiayi Kaiwen Reclamation Bureau, the document section chief of storage and transportation department, and the Civil Affairs Section Chief of Kunming county. He once set up farms and tea farms in Wenshan and Jiayi, and improved cotton in Xishuangbanna. He has made an intensive study of the cultivation and cultivation of tea, tobacco, Wutong, rice, cotton, sericulture and kapok, and is one of the few agricultural scientific and technological personnel in Yunnan province.
Committed to agricultural education
In August 1946, Yunnan Provincial Department of education sent Li Sheng to be the president of Kaiyuan agricultural vocational school. At that time, there were seven classes in the school, with 320 students and 18 staff. The school was located in the Confucian Temple of Wenmiao street in the county (now Kaiyuan No.1 Middle School). Li Sheng is ready to contribute to the cause of agricultural education with what he has learned in his life, and cultivate agricultural science and technology talents for the Chinese nation after the victory of the Anti Japanese war.
The campus of the agricultural school is a typical Temple form. There is a stone archway in the school, a pantang behind the Lingxing gate, a stone platform in front of the Dacheng hall, and a small stone lion on the pillar of the guard rail. The school gate is made of cast iron, and there are stone based iron railings on both sides of the gate. The school is a beautiful reading environment with green trees.
It is recorded on page 435 of Kaiyuan city annals: "in addition to general culture, the courses also offer professional courses such as agronomy, animal husbandry, planting, meteorology, soil, fertilizer, cotton breeding, silkworm physiology and pathology, agriculture (sericulture) economy, silk making, pest control, horticulture, etc. The school has 32 mu of experimental farm and dozens of mu of kapok experimental field. The school "pays attention to practice, and its time should not be less than one third of the total time." in the 29 years of the Republic of China, the school successfully planted American flue-cured tobacco, which promoted the whole county to plant American Tobacco year by year. In the 34 years of the Republic of China, a training course for kapok extension personnel was held, with 40 people. Kapok cultivation techniques were promoted in the county.
The educational system of the agricultural school is that the junior department does not divide the subjects. It recruits primary school graduates and studies for three years to Cultivate Junior agricultural talents. Senior part of agricultural technology, sericulture and other subjects, three years of study, training senior (intermediate) technical personnel. In the autumn of 1946, a normal college class was recruited. The normal college class was selected from junior middle school graduates, and other types of normal classes were selected from primary school graduates.
The funds for running agricultural schools are allocated by Yunnan Provincial Department of education. Except for a small number of junior high school students, all the students in agricultural technology and normal classes are public funded students, which are also provided by Yunnan Provincial Department of education. According to the records of Kaiyuan No.1 middle school, "in 1948, 168 public funded students were distributed, with a monthly total of 38 stones, six Dou and four liters of public grain (according to two Dou and three liters of public funded students per month)". By 1949, the agricultural school had recruited 13 classes of primary occupation, 7 classes of intermediate agricultural specialty, 1 class of intermediate normal school, and 2 classes of ordinary junior middle school.
Employ Party members as teachers
Kaiyuan agricultural school is a secondary school which plays an important role in the agriculture of Southern Yunnan. If Li Sheng has been in a peaceful and stable environment without violent class struggle, he will quietly realize his ideal of cultivating agricultural talents with his rich knowledge and skilful skills in the scientific education industry such as agricultural school, and make due contributions to the agricultural science and technology cause of Yunnan Province. However, the tree wants to be quiet, but the wind is not enough. The Third Civil Revolutionary War pushed this intellectual to the top of a dilemma.
In order to liberate the whole of China, the Communist Party of China also organized propaganda activities in Kaiyuan. As early as 1944, Mao Renxue, the president of the agricultural school, and Yang Qixin, the teaching director, were underground members of the Communist Party of China. They circulated Xinhua daily and underground party mimeograph materials among the students of the agricultural school. Later, they left the agricultural school.
Under the rule of the Kuomintang, as the president of the agricultural school run by the Kuomintang government, it was impossible to openly confront the reactionary measures of the Kuomintang government, otherwise his life would be in danger.
After Li Sheng took the post of president, he could not oppose and was unwilling to carry out the orders issued by the Kuomintang government, such as eliminating the Communist Party. Therefore, he took a passive boycott approach, and showed no good or bad performance in politics. In his work, he played a role of covering the progress of teachers and students in the school, and never reported their developments to the county government. Similar to this situation are Wu Junzhi, mayor of Jiayi town and Li Weiqing, mayor of Taiping Township.
The school implements the appointment system for teachers, which is once every semester. Teachers are directly responsible for the principal, and the principal decides to resign according to the performance of teachers. In 1949, Li Sheng hired Gao Jiaqi and Zi Wendou to teach in the agricultural school. At that time, Zi Wendou was the Secretary of Kaiyuan special branch of the Communist Party, and Gao Jiaqi was a member of the special branch organization. Relying on the status of teachers in agricultural schools, the cadres of the special branch actively developed the Communist Party and the "people's youth" organization, established strongholds in urban and rural areas, and did a good job in the transportation of comrades through Kaiyuan. Li Sheng had a clear view of the domestic political situation, and timely revealed his feelings to the Communist Party cadres. Before liberation, Kaiyuan underground Party's "work report" recorded: "show progress in front of our cadres.".
Difficult to raise funds for school
Originally, the Provincial Department of education directly allocated the school running funds, but the province could not collect all the funds and allocate no funds. Later, the Department of education only allocated 30% of the funds to the agricultural schools, and the remaining 70% of the money was transferred to the Kaiyuan agricultural schools from the Kaiyuan county government, which should have handed over the public funds to the provincial government. However, the Kaiyuan county government was unable to pay enough public funds, so it asked the agricultural schools to go to Dazhuang and some other towns to collect the funds It's really difficult to go directly to villages and towns to collect funds. 1949 was a period of great turbulence. The KMT government's finance was in a mess, and the prices were soaring. As a result, the funds for running agricultural schools were extremely short, and teachers' salaries and grants for public students were not available. Every once in a while, Li Sheng had to go to Kunming to ask for funds from the Provincial Department of education, negotiate with the Kaiyuan county government, and send staff to villages and towns to collect money. Corruption is prevalent in Kaiyuan county government, and it is not clear whether several county governors can transfer the economy, and the Provincial Department of education has been unable to allocate funds. In order to get money, Li Sheng spent a lot of energy and time to maintain the agricultural school. He basically had no time to take care of the daily work of the school.
In September 1949, Li Sheng's mother's 80th birthday was approaching
Chinese PinYin : Li Sheng
Li Sheng
