Zheyan nature

Zheyan nature

Zheyanzhi (about 1080-1160) was named Zhonggu with another name Jiezhi. He was born in Fuzhou (now Fugu) of Hexi County, Shaanxi Province. He was the seventh generation General of song Linfu's family. He had both literature and martial arts, and his father could be suitable.

summary

When the Jin army attacked Kaifeng, they led the soldiers to the king of Qin with Yao Gu and Zhong Zhongshi, and fought bloody battles with the Jin soldiers in Nanguan, Huanghe and other places. Later Ren knew the affairs of the Privy Council and cooperated with Yue Fei and Han Shizhong to fight against the enemy. He hated that he could not return to the Central Plains for his family loyalty.

Baozhen cottage was built in Jinping Mountain of Shouan, so it was called Baozhen Jushi. Chongning was a Jinshi. His ancestral home was Yunzhong (today's Datong, Shanxi), and he moved to Hexi prefecture (today's fugu, Shaanxi). From the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, the ethnic conflicts in the upper reaches of the Yellow River were sharp and complex, and the political situation was changeable. Later Tang, later Jin, later Han, Later Zhou, Liao, northern Han, Northern Song and Xixia all established their own rule in this area. It was in this turbulent and turbulent era that the zhe family rose to the west of the Yellow River and "ruled the prefectures alone, controlled the northwest, and China depended on them" (the biography of zhe De Jian, the history of Song Dynasty). Zhe Deji, the seventh ancestor of zhe Yanzhi, made many contributions to the war. He once served as the Jiedushi of the Later Zhou Jingnan army. Her daughter married Yang Ye, the famous she (zhe) laotaijun in the legend and romance of Yang Jiajiang. His father, zhe Keshi, was also outstanding in the war. He once served as Imperial City envoy, Chengzhou regiment training envoy, zhiminzhou, zhizhenrong army and so on, and finally died in zhiweizhou (now Pingliang, Gansu). When zhe yanye, the elder brother of zhe Yanzhi, was in Huizong, he was the first deputy general of Qinfeng Road, and made many achievements. Zhejia will be called the "Northwest Great Wall" of Song Dynasty. Zheyanzhi is the crown of zheyanzhi. He has both talent and martial arts. He made friends with many people, and knew many more famous officials "(Han Yinsheng's biography of zheyan), which laid a solid foundation for his future achievements.

When his father knew Weizhou, he began his military career and official career in 1110. In the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125), Jin soldiers captured emperor Tianzuo, the leader of Liao Dynasty. They went down to Yanjing, surrounded Taiyuan, and went straight to Kaifeng. In the first month of the first year of Jingkang (1126), zheyanzhi, zhongshidao, Yao pingzhong and Yao Gu led the army to fight with Jin soldiers in Nanguan, Huanghe and other places. In June, the imperial court took Li Gang as an official envoy to Hedong and zhe Yanzhi as an official business to rescue Taiyuan, which was besieged by Jin soldiers. Xie Qian sent troops from Weisheng Army (now Qinxian County, Shanxi Province) to fight with Jin soldiers for four days. Finally, because of the failure of Jin people's reinforcement. However, his general was recognized by the imperial court and was promoted to Deputy envoy of Xuanfu in Hedong, Hebei Province. In the confrontation with Jin Bing, he communicated with Jin Bing commander sticky Han many times, expressing the desire of armistice and repair, "I'm willing to guard the army officials, do not disturb each other, so as to make peace forever after the oath of alliance.". Zheyanzhi is by no means a capitulationist. He hopes that the strike will benefit the people on both sides. He should be forward-looking, but he can only be wishful thinking in the situation of war.

In November, the court asked him to keep Pingyang prefecture (now Linfen in Shanxi Province) and Fenzhou area. Pingyang is the commander-in-chief's mansion of Fen, Xi, etc., but Lin Jiren, the governor of Pingyang, didn't intend to stick to it at all. Liu Rui, who was under the control of the imperial court, refused to use his life. In the end, the mansion of Pingyang fell, and Weisheng, Longde and Zezhou were lost one after another. When the Jin people drove south, Yanzhi led 120000 troops by Xuanfu Deputy envoy and guarded the Yellow River with Li Hui, the Privy Council officer of Tongzhi, but before the battle, the song division collapsed. Therefore, zheyanzhi was responsible for Haizhou regiment training Deputy envoy and Yongzhou resettlement. (history of the Song Dynasty, Emperor qinzong Ji) after Gao Zong ascended the throne, he was punished for his meritorious service. In June of the first year of Jianyan (1127), he was again "responsible for granting scattered officials, and Changhua Army (now Danzhou, Hainan) was resettled" (Li Gang's Jianyan Shizheng Ji).

After he was a general, zheyanzhi was also very talented, but he seldom won the battle against the Jin soldiers, and he was finally exiled overseas. The reason is inseparable from the corruption of the Song Dynasty and the weakness of the army. Even the military genius is hard to reverse the fundamental situation, and zheyan's quality is not at the right time. Because of this situation, the court of Southern Song Dynasty could only be in a corner, and finally it was hard to avoid the fate of extinction.

He was demoted to Danzhou and initiated the "village treaty"

Zheyanzhi was resettled by Changhua army in June 1127, the first year of Yan's founding, and returned to LongTuge in June 1132, the second year of Shaoxing. After arriving at Changhua army, he gave the imperial court a thank-you list according to the custom, saying: "I don't know the depth of the sea, but I see the breadth of the boon." He said that although he could not understand the disturbance of official life, he still remembered the emperor's kindness. Of course, this is just a gesture of loyalty to the court. Zhe Yanzhi, who has no ambition to serve his country, was demoted to Hainan, so his depression is inevitable. We can see his heart knot from his poems at that time.

As a military officer, zhe Yanzhi is also good at poetry. In addition to the three letters he wrote to Jin Marshal Nian Han, 18 of his poems are recorded in Quan Song Shi, many of which are related to his relegation to Hainan. On his way to Qiong, he passed Leizhou, where there were traces of Kou Zhun, Su Shi and Su Zhe brothers. Therefore, he wrote down "the building of Su Gong in Leizhou" and "Kou laigong Temple" to lament. On the one hand, he wrote his admiration for these characters, on the other hand, he expressed his worry about his future. In Danzhou, there is "detached Pavilion": "detached Pavilion on the sideburns, the mighty autumn breeze, small stand idle. Why can poetry cross the sea. The steep peaks are intermittent, the sky is short, the high base is lingering, and the terrain is low. Looking back to the northeast, Guilin is the Qinguan pass. " When you climb the mountain and look into the distance, you can't let go of it. On the contrary, because you see the vast sea and the overlapping mountains, you can't bear to look back on the past, and then you can think of the endless return to the north. You have old hair on your temples. It's self-evident that you are sad and depressed. However, after all, he has experienced a lot of people and things, and can also properly relieve the depression in his heart. "Crossing the sea" wrote: "the emperor in the sea is willing to also, a reed navigation such as how brave. I've been surprised and happy. There are still many things to wait for in this life. " There are many things like this in the future, so we must be prepared.

Due to the lack of historical data, we can't find out the specific situation of zhe Yanzhi in Hainan for five years. However, in volume 125 of Yu Di Ji Sheng compiled by Wang Xiangzhi of the Southern Song Dynasty, it is recorded that "Zhi jun, together with Dan Shi Xu Tinghui, will lead a meeting with Wen Gongzhen. He will make a village appointment, one episode every five days, and Li Xingzhong, the prefect, and Yan." While relaxing his mind, he made friends with local celebrities and spent several years in southern exile. At the same time, he wrote a story about a military general.

Xu Tinghui's real name is Xu Kangmin. His father Xu Jue is a famous scholar living in Danzhou. "He is good at the book of changes and is experienced in discussing calamity and auspiciousness", and has a lot of friends with Su Shi. Xu Kangmin followed his father to live in the east of Danzhou City for a long time. During the Jianyan period, he "built zhanran nunnery at Dajiang bridge to live in" (Wanli "Danzhou annals · Liuyu annals") and became a local celebrity. Li Xingzhong was the commander of Changhua army in Shaoxing. When Sima Guang, the Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty (who was granted the title of Wen Guogong) stopped his administration and lived in Luoyang, he often made an appointment with his old friend Youji. He had no wine but five elements and no food but five flavors, so he was called "zhenshuhui". "Zhenshuhui" is actually a collection of literati. After he arrived in Danzhou, Hainan Province, he felt depressed because he had no way to serve his country and was in a wild place. But he soon found friends who could make friends, such as Xu Kangmin, Li Xingzhong and Wang Liugong. They agreed to meet every five days, like Sima Guang when he was at the bottom of his life, to visit mountains and rivers, to write poems and Fu, to drink and have fun, so as to make the plain life more enjoyable. When he left Danzhou and returned to the north, he wrote "farewell to Xu Tinghui" respectively: "it's only when a house is built on stilts that one can tolerate a knee, and there are Taoist people who can stand it. Although the world of mortals outside the door is disturbing, the clear dream beside the pillow is dancing. When the king is like a petrel, he must arrive, and I am like a river gull, moving day by day. Looking back at Shiqiao last month, with whom to enjoy the third year. " Liubie wangliugong: "Liugong 80 is still astrological, and he was granted the great achievement of fadongpo. At this age, I have to return to my words and never eat them. When will I believe in rain. If you can't bear to ask me what you have done, I'm Lin Quan. If you doubt who will make the decision in the future, there is no reason to visit Junping again. " Gratitude and admiration are beyond expression.

As a family of generals, although he was relegated many times, he never lost his sense of being an official in his heart. Once received the news of returning to the north, the inner excitement is self-evident. "Beigui crossing the sea" wrote: "go to the sun, take a distant picture of the sky, Feilian several times to chase the officials. If you can be stable when you go back to the boat, you will feel your grace more radiant. " I hope that the emperor's grace will shine and give me the chance to serve the imperial court.

Repeatedly denounced, do not change the original intention

In June 1132, zheyan returned to LongTuge and was ordered to return to the capital immediately. He had spent five years in the southern famine. At that time, when Yang Yao of Dongting Lake was in trouble, "Huxiang was looking for Shuai", zhe Yanzhi, who was still in Guangxi, was entrusted with the important task of serving as Hunan pacification envoy and knowing Tanzhou. With the cooperation of Wang Xie, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and Liu Guangshi, Yang Yao was exterminated in February 1134. Because of his discord with Wang Xie, he changed his knowledge to Jingjiang (now Guilin, Guangxi). In September, the Jin Union and the puppet Qi committed crimes from Huaiyang to the south, raising the terror of the dynasty. Zhao Dingzhi, a senior official of Zuozhong and a member of the Privy Council, recommended zhe Yanzhi as the chief of staff of the governor's office of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Jingdu and Xiangdu. Soon after that, he undertook the mission for the Privy Council and went to the post all night and all night, which better alleviated the military crisis.

In 1135, he returned to Lin'an, where he served as the Minister of the Ministry of industry, the military staff of the governor's office, and the Minister of the Ministry of war. In 1136, Shaoxing signed a letter to the Privy Council, and soon had the right to participate in political affairs. He was equal to Zhao Ding and Zhang Jun in charge of government affairs

Chinese PinYin : She Yan Zhi