GUI Yunsu

GUI Yunsu

GUI Yunsu (1642-1689) was an official and scholar in Qing Dynasty. Xiaoyi is a native of Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Kangxi 18 years Jinshi first, champion. When he was taught to write, the officials at least Zhan things, with the discussion of political affairs, upright, with illness to return. Gongshi and Wen, simple and heavy, have "Guigong Zhan Ji" and so on.

Life of the characters

become a great man

GUI Yunsu was born in 1642, the 15th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, in the family of feudal officials. At first, his father was named Yimin. In his later years, he was also named Yimin. He was a Jinshi in the Chongzhen Dynasty and an official in charge of the Ministry of punishment. Later, because of his father's illness, he begged to go back to his hometown. When the Qing soldiers entered the pass, he stayed away from his hometown and wrote books for pleasure. Under his father's instruction, GUI Yunsu has formed a stable and sincere character since he was young. After many years of hard study, GUI Yunsu took part in the palace examination in 1679, the 18th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi. As a result, GUI Yunsu became the 16th champion of the Qing Dynasty. The imperial court granted the official guiyunsu Xiuzhuan and left Beijing as an official.

Holding the right to select talents

Two years later, GUI Yunsu was appointed as the chief examiner of the Xinyou keshuntian rural examination in 1681. Since the early years of Kangxi, the number one scholar and later, he has been appointed as the next examiners of rural examination, which has almost become a custom. Therefore, before GUI Yunsu was appointed as the chief examiner, those who wanted to take part in the Shuntian rural examination paid homage to him one after another and cast up their papers in the hope that Gui Yunsu could communicate with him and get care of him after he became the examiner. However, in Qing Dynasty, the regulations of imperial examination were detailed and strict, and the examiners were corrupt. Once exposed, they would be tortured and killed. In Shunzhi period, several cases of imperial examination were dealt with sternly. So there are many examiners who keep themselves clean. After GUI Yunsu accepted the emperor's order, he gathered all the examiners to write an article and swore to God: "Yunsu and his colleagues are poor and boastful. They hope to select the real talents for the imperial court and not build private caves for their wealth. If they want to do something for their own interests, bully the Lord for favoritism, uphold the law of the country, punish them in seclusion, and be willing to be killed and humiliated by their wives, they will be rewarded with the extinction of their descendants." He also said: "do not seize the power of the son, do not lure in the interest, do not lead the former favor, do not invite the latter report." Swearing to God is to show the pure heart. During the examination, GUI Yunsu believed in his words and did what he did. He did not communicate with the examinees and showed impartiality. However, after the release of the list, the losers mistakenly thought that there was a joint between the test takers and the examiners, criticized the magpie noise, and wanted to be punished by the imperial court. After the investigation by Wei Xiangshu, the famous commander of Zhida at that time, it was proved that Gui Yunsu was not corrupt. In order to calm down the rumor, Wei Xiangshu, who enjoys a great reputation for learning, takes a servant with a red and brown mat and walks to the door of Yunsu's house. He sees a couplet on the door of guiyunsu ' Wei Xiangshu paid four respects to GUI Yunsu, praised him and said, "I celebrate for the country's success." Afterwards, he wrote poems and chronicles about it, which showed all over the court. Only when GUI Yunsu was upright and upright, could the government and the public be made public. Therefore, later generations commented that he was "the master of Shuntian rural examination in Xinyou, and all his talents were genuine, which changed the previous shortcomings." In view of the fact that there was once a top one who was appointed as Shuntian's chief examinee in the imperial examination, since GUI Yunsu, the practice of the new No. 1 scholar as Shuntian's chief examinee was basically abolished in the imperial examination of Qing Dynasty.

On the day of Jingyan

GUI Yunsu was dignified and sincere, and he acted impartially for the officials. He also received the attention of Emperor Kangxi. Emperor Kangxi attached great importance to learning the traditional culture of the Han nationality. At that time, he set up the officials of Jingyan and Japanese to explain Chinese classics to the emperor and answer the emperor's questions. It is reported that during the reign of Emperor Kangxi, there was a period of time when there was a shortage of Japanese speaking officials. The head of the Imperial Academy recommended Japanese speaking officials many times, but the emperor did not approve them. One day, Emperor Kangxi suddenly took out a piece of paper from his sleeve and wrote GUI Yunsu's name on it. Therefore, he was allowed to be a Japanese lecturer. Generally speaking, the Japanese speaking officials were recommended by the Imperial Academy. After the emperor carefully selected them, they were all men with both ability and political integrity and excellent knowledge. GUI Yunsu was competent for his duty. He talked about the book of changes and Mao's poems, and had a good manner. When the people praise said: "speak feast get right people, the world depends on it." It is effective to explain the Chinese classics and spread the Han culture to the emperor. The officials moved less and took part in the deliberation of the government affairs. Later, due to illness, GUI Yunsu returned to his hometown. Kangxi 28 years (1689) died in his hometown.

Literary achievements

GUI Yunsu was an official, and he was diligent in writing. Later generations said that his poems and essays had laws. His works include four volumes of GUI Gong Zhan Ji and two volumes of Bi Quan. There are poems in Jiangsu Shizheng and the first edition of Qing poetry chronicle. His "Silk foil Ci" has the most rural charm and is worthy of study. "The mulberry is green in February and green in March. The wind sets the sun and the silkworms grow in clusters. Mailong pheasant flying, building head silkworm to Qi. Work hard to protect the curtain foil, get up early to pick up Fangfei. Silkworm sleep is warm, pedestrians slow. The doors and alleys are silent, and the cooking smoke is scattered in the afternoon. Mulberry extension has been sparse silkworm cocoon, greetings even more measured sunny turn. Young women are starving in baskets and reeling new silk in their hands. " The words used in the CI are ordinary, and the meaning is fresh. It is full of the farm life interest of planting mulberry and raising silkworms, and shows the author's sympathy for the hard work and hard life of the mulberry girl. After reading it, people feel like they are in the hometown of silkworm in the south of the Yangtze River. If he had not been in the countryside for a long time to observe, he would not have been able to write the "Silk leaf Ci" with a blend of feelings and scenes.

Chinese PinYin : Gui Yun Su