Baoji

Suo Chuo Luo · Bao Lu

Baoji (1807-1891, September 10), Suo Chuo, Luo's family, was named Pei Ji and Pei Heng, Ruiqing (< / I > < I >) and Yiyue Zhai. He lived in Jilin (now Jilin City, Jilin Province), and was a political figure in the late Qing Dynasty.

He was a Jinshi in the 18th year of Daoguang (1838). During the reign of Xianfeng, he went through ups and downs several times. He was a minister in charge of the internal affairs. He helped patrol when the British and French allied forces invaded the capital, and was reprimanded for advising emperor Xianfeng to repair the summer resort. After the Xinyou coup, he walked in the military aircraft department and served as prime minister, Minister of state affairs, and Bachelor of sports benevolence. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Jin was a Bachelor of wuyingdian. He died in 1891 at the age of 85. After his posthumous title, Wen Jing was worshipped in the Xianliang temple. His early poems include Peiheng Shichao and Peihe Shicao. Later generations compiled wenjinggong's remains and wenjinggong's Shichao.

He was one of the representatives of the Westernization Movement in the central government of the Qing Dynasty. He played a positive role in the establishment of the Tongwen school, the reuse of Han officials, the reconciliation of Manchu and Han contradictions, and the handling of foreign affairs with Britain and the United States. In addition, he also presided over the cultural and educational interpretation for a long time, and took part in the hosting of Xianfeng and Tongzhi dynasties The compilation of Shi Lu and the beginning and end of preparing for Yi Wu. However, in his later years, he also had some defects in his moral integrity, which led to criticism of "greed", "dissatisfaction with the population" and "speechless remarks".

(photo in the overview: Bao Chen in the premier's national affairs yamen < / I > < I >, < / I > < I > John Thomson < / I > < I > Photo < / I > < I >) < / I >

Life of the characters

Tongji chunguan

Bao was born in 1807, the 12th year of Jiaqing. In the third year of Daoguang reign (1823), Baozhen and Qiqing made up for the "members of doctor's children". In the 17th year of Daoguang (1837), Bao was elected. In the 18th year of Daoguang (1838), the Jinshi in baozhuzhong was assigned to the position of head of the Ministry of rites, waiting for the lack of supplementary officials; in the 23rd year of Daoguang (1843), the official supplementary officials. In the 26th year of Daoguang (1846), Baozhen was appointed as the compilation of yudieguan. In the 27th year of Daoguang reign (1847), Baozhen was promoted to youchunfang youzhongyun of Zhan Shifu. In the 28th year of Daoguang reign (1848), Bao Zhen was transferred to Zuo Chunfang of Zhan Shifu, Zuo zhongyun. In the 29th year of Daoguang's reign (1849), he won the first prize in jingcha, and was promoted to the Imperial Academy in September of the same year.

recognised by the emperor

In 1850, Emperor Daoguang died and Emperor Xianfeng succeeded. In June, he introduced the first-class unregistered officials of the yamen, who were recommended by jingcha, and Baofen was also among them. He was ordered to be registered for the use of Daofu. In the same month, Baofen served as the compilation Hall of the records. In December (January 1851), he was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Imperial Academy.

In July of 1852, he was transferred to be a bachelor's degree in the Imperial Academy. In December, because the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement had already spread to Hunan, Baoji Shangshu said that in order to suppress the Taiping army, the governors of the provinces near Hunan should make joint efforts to implement the strategy of strengthening the wall and clearing the wild according to the practice of pacifying the Bailian uprising during the Jiaqing period. This proposal was approved by Emperor Xianfeng.

In May of 1854, Baochen was appointed as a living announcer of the daily lecture as a Bachelor of the Imperial Academy. In the same year, Baozhen went to sanyinnuoyan Department of Mongolia to pay a memorial ceremony (the previous year, the Department < / I > < I > chelinduoerji < / I > < I > Khan died) < / I >, during which he was able to clean himself up and refuse gifts, winning the respect of all departments. On December 15 (February 1, 1855), Emperor Xianfeng was promoted to be a cabinet bachelor.

In November of 1855, Bao Zhen was promoted to the right Minister of rites. On December 28 of the same year (February 4, 1856), he completed the ceremony of conferring the title of suochuoluo as Wan's concubine. In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856) in May, Baozhen was also the vice capital of Mongolia in Zhenghong banner.

In February of 1857, Bao Zhen was transferred to be the right servant of the Ministry of household and concurrently in charge of the affairs of Qian FA Tang. It is said that before and after this, Baozhen began to approach Prince Gong Yixin. In March of the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), a fire broke out in the furnace shed of Baoquan Bureau, and Emperor Xianfeng ordered the officials from the Ministry of household affairs, such as Baozhen and Duzhen, to be handed over to the Ministry for handling. After the event, Bao Chen and others asked to buy another house and change the site to set up a furnace to save money.

In August of 1858, Baozhen was ordered to take part in the investigation of the malpractice of shuntianfu rural examination. In the same month, he was appointed as the examiner of Zhejiang provincial examination. However, when he presided over the provincial examination in Zhejiang Province, Baozhen and others made an exception to add a Juren, so emperor Xianfeng severely criticized Baozhen and ordered him to be handed over to the Ministry. After that, he was demoted to one level, but he remained in office.

In July of the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), Baozhen was ordered to attend the Shuntian rural examination together with Dong Chun. In October, the case of "Wu Yu Guan's debt" was referred to the ministry again. In November, it was changed to inspection. In the same month, because of the flag affairs case, Xianfeng emperor was demoted to the second level by the Ministry, and "Jiaen was demoted to the fourth level to stay in office".

Patrol labor

Master data:

Xinyou coup

，

The second Opium War

In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), Baozhen was ordered to Tianjin to check and accept the sea transport of grain. Later, he went to Tongzhou to inspect, and found many disadvantages in the water transport. Baoji then asked for strict regulations to punish the corrupt officials, impeached the officials who were at fault, and Xianfeng punished them according to his request. Later, he was promoted to minister in charge of internal affairs together with SUSHUN, then Minister of the Ministry of household. After the completion of the inspection and acceptance of the sea transport grain, Baoji was also discussed. However, it was soon handed over to the Ministry for handling a case of cancellation by the Ministry of household affairs.

At this time, when the British and French allied forces were involved in the crime, Emperor Xianfeng was planning to flee to Rehe (now Chengde). All the officials under the military plane had jointly advised emperor Xianfeng not to flee. Emperor Xianfeng asked who wrote this book. All the officials replied with the main manuscript of Baoji. Finally, Emperor Xianfeng still insisted on escaping, while Baoji stayed in Beijing in the crisis, impeached incompetent officials and helped patrol. During this period, Emperor Xianfeng ordered 200000 taels of silver to repair the palace. Baozhen thought that the state-owned enterprises were in urgent need and insisted on opposing. Emperor Xianfeng was very angry. He first severely punished Baofen on the ground that it was a shirk of responsibility to ask him to be assigned to another post. Then he came across the three mountains under Baofen's jurisdiction, namely, Yuquan mountain, Xiangshan Mountain and wengshan mountain, which were plundered by the British and French allied forces. Then he issued an imperial edict to denounce Baofen deeply and put Baofen on top of the five items. However, when the British and French allied forces wreaked havoc in the capital, he did not take personal advance and retreat as a consideration, and devoted himself to the patrol of the city. In addition to foreign aggression, at the moment of employing personnel, Emperor Xianfeng restored him to his original post, and also led the armed forces with red flags, and led the Dutong and left wing vanguard of the Han army with red flags.

In the summer of the 11th year of Xianfeng (1861), Emperor Xianfeng died of illness. However, there was a sharp conflict between SUSHUN and empress dowagers of the two palaces, especially Cixi. On the eve of the coup, Baozhen secretly met with the eunuch ande Hai, Cixi's confidant, and received a decree signed by the two palace empresses. Later, Baozhen secretly presented the decree to Wang Yixin, urging him to go to Chengde to plot with the two empresses. On the other hand, Yixin planned everything with Baozhen and other confidants when he returned to the capital. In October of the same year, when the victory of the coup was divided, Bao Zhen entered the military aircraft department and walked on the military aircraft minister. In the same month, he was rewarded with "riding in the Forbidden City" < I > (see the data "< / I > < I > riding in the Forbidden City" < / I > < I > "), and immediately became prime minister and Minister of state affairs.

The wall is straight

Master data:

Westernization Movement

In the first year of tongzhi (1862), Baozhen was transferred from the right minister to the left Minister of Hubu, and concurrently served as the leader of the right wing forward. Soon, he was promoted to minister of the Ministry of household. In the same year, he also acted as governor of Manchuria in Zhengbai banner and Minister of the Ministry of war. On November 26 (January 15, 1863), he was also appointed as governor of Mongolia in Xianglan banner.

In the second year of tongzhi (1863), Baozhen was transferred from Mongolian capital of Xianglan banner to Manchu capital of Xianglan banner. In April, he served as an examination paper officer. On November 27 of the same year (January 7, 1864), Zhang Yucang, the chief eunuch, spoke rudely to him when he was working in Princess Heshuo's residence in shouzhuang as the Minister of the Ministry of household. The Qing court punished Zhang Yucang in accordance with the law.

In the third year of tongzhi (1864), the Empress Dowager ordered her ministers to talk about "Zhiping Baojian" in shifts, including Baozhen. In the Xia Dynasty, the Hunan army conquered the "Tianjing" of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom after a bitter battle. Bao Yi praised him for his meritorious service, added the title of Prince Shaobao, and gave him Hualing.

In the fourth year of tongzhi (1865), he was ordered to wear the key of the house of internal affairs. Hou Baozhen resigned and was granted permission.

In 1867, Yang Tingxi, the candidate governor of Zhili Prefecture, requested the cancellation of Tongwen library, and mentioned that Prince Gong and Bao Xun were good at hijacking. Bao Chen and others have heard the music. Please dismiss and wait for us. The Empress Dowager Wen Zhao comforted and encouraged Bao Zhen and others not to avoid suspicion and influence government affairs with exaggeration.

In 1868, the Nien army was pacified, and Baojia, who was in the center of the country, was second grade in military merit.

In the 11th year of tongzhi (1872), he was transferred to be the Minister of the Ministry of officials. In the same year, because of the marriage of Tongzhi emperor, the whole world celebrated together, and rewarded the courtiers. Baoji was awarded the title of crown prince.

In the 12th year of tongzhi (1873), he was also the head of the Imperial Academy.

In 1874, Emperor Tongzhi was in charge of the government. He still trusted Baozhen. He was the assistant of the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs and was transferred to the Minister of the Ministry of military affairs

Chinese PinYin : Bao Yun