Song Jue

Song Jue

Song Jue (1576-1632) was a poet and painter in Ming Dynasty. Biyu word, No. lizhizi, Lang daoren, guozixian, Fujian Putian people. Guozi Jiansheng. He roamed Wu and Yue, died in Wu, and worked in calligraphy, painting and seal cutting. In landscape studies, Mie, Huang Gongwang and Wuzhen are good at painting pines.

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Song Jue was born in 1576, the fourth year of Wanli reign of emperor Shenzong of Ming Dynasty. According to the records of Putian County in Xinghua Prefecture, song Jue died in Shicheng in 1663 and was buried in Putian. At the beginning of Song Dynasty, Jue visited Jinling, Wu and Yue, and lived in Wulin and Wumen. His "Qin Xin Jiu De" is well-known among Gu Mengyou and Tan Yuanchun. Gu Mengyou said in his poem: "you want to be friends, so I'll point to Wu Chang." Li Liufang said in his poem: "I love the color of the stream in your box, and even send the lamp to test the ink." The poet and painter Cheng jiasui's Liwen wine song was tasted, and he sighed with admiration at the festival. He asked for his brother's help. Later, he met Zhong Xing, a literary magnate, and Li Liufang, a calligrapher, painter, and seal cutter.

Song Jue was a brilliant poet. He wrote quickly and did not leave any manuscripts. Zheng Wangchen said: "compared with Yu shisixuan, it's cool and elegant, not under Songyuan (Cheng jiasui) and Tanyuan (Li Liufang) As a poet, song Jue is good at making friends with others, but not strong. In his later years, he took Qian Qianyi as his writing friend and Huang Daozhou as his Qi friendship friend. In the first year of Chongzhen (1628) of emperor Sizong, the Minister Huang daozhoushu rescued Qian Longxi, who was on the verge of Shangshu. After hearing the news, song Jue comforted him with poems.

Song Jue lived in Nanjing for a long time. He lived in harmony with the masses, lenient to take over, and lenient to treat others. He loved giving and never regarded painting and calligraphy as a treasure pot for collecting money. He usually drinks wine by fighting. He asks the painters and calligraphers to wait for Jue to get drunk, and then to get out of the silk. He listens to it and goes away with his illness. People think that Zhang Dian will see you again, Gu Chi will come back to life, or even write a letter. Everyone is as precious as a wall. Foreign envoys come to China and do not hesitate to pay a lot of money to buy them! In 1631, song Jue died of illness in Nanjing. At the age of 56, he was buried in Meilong mountain (now nanmenwai mountain) in Puyang. "Putian County annals of Xinghua Prefecture" records: "the guest died in Shicheng and was buried in Putian.". Qian Qianyi made a statement. In the 14th year of Chongzhen (1641), Li Sijing, the imperial censor of Zhejiang Province, visited Fujian Province and devoted himself to the study of social relations. Song Biyu's manuscript, which was collected by those who had tasted their hearts, was unearthed in Jinling. Ten days later, xuanlai came to putu, where a tomb with a stone watch was erected. The title of the tomb is "the tomb watch of Mr. Song Biyu, a famous scholar in China". The article is also highly praised. It is very meaningful to encourage elegance and to award righteousness and martyrdom.

Personal achievement

Song Jue is good at poetry and calligraphy, especially in painting, landscape, trees and stones, two meters in and out, Wuzhen and Huang Gongwang. He is not only good at painting pines, but also excellent at painting. In the long scroll of Wang Chuan Tu written by Li Gonglin, there is no color, and the vertical strokes of mountains and stones are folded and wrinkled. It is not limited to the law, so it is a noble scholar. Lu Shihua wrote a poem for it. Qian Mu Zhai said in his poem: "the painting boat carries the inkstone like a rule, and once painted eyebrows to Chunhong. Take care of the color of the distant mountains, and xiaoluan (biyuqie) will not sing the white headed poems. " The painting of pine shade and mist in the morning, completed in 1616, Wanli 44th year, and the painting of trees falling from the pavilion, made in 1629, Chongzhen 2nd year, are now kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Qin zuyong's "Tongyin on painting" says: "poetic brush, pour celebrities, write landscape, get rid of the habit of painting history, cover by the person's noble character, so the pen is clear and full of spirit, simple and full of meaning, have a kind of elegant style, reveal the scale, the real scholar elegant structure." Since ancient times, there have been many lychees in Puyang. Jue likes to eat lychees every day. His poems on litchi are the best in all dynasties. Therefore, his painting of litchi is an important figure of Wumen School of painting in Ming Dynasty.

Song Jue was a talented man, a "sage of calligraphy and Zen painting". He was noble in character and excellent in skill, and he was also appreciated by the scholars of the time. Qian Mu Zhai's poem said: "the down and out of style is different from the crowd, and the wine field is full of strength." Jue Gong's eight part calligraphy is also good in lines, chapters and grasses. Its writing style is thin, vigorous and vivid, dignified and natural. Mao Yuanyi, the author of Wu Bei Tang, invited song Jue to write the title of "Kui Bo Tang", which is divided into eight parts, and the characters are larger than three feet. The dictionary of ancient Chinese Calligraphers is included in two of song Jue's official books, the poems of the hermits and the poems of the seven character temperament. The stone figure of "quietly watching and contented" in the ink, the list book is bold, handsome, smart and lovely. The official script of the painting is more natural and meaningful, with strong air and personality.

Song Jue's heart of Qin, virtue of wine, sage of calligraphy and Zen painting are well-known for everything. He carved inkstones and collected them in many ways. Seal cutting is a school of its own. Qian Mu Zhai and Wang Ruan Ting highly praised it for breaking through the tradition of seal writing into seal, and thus creating the "Putian school" in the history of seal cutting. Cai Xiang's litchi genealogy and guxiangzhaitie are rare treasures.

The guide to the revival of Lishu in Qing Dynasty

Song Jue, born in Putian at the end of Ming Dynasty, was the son of the state Jiansheng. He lived in Jinling. He was a grain, whose name was Biyu, and his name was litchi fairy. His official script is highly valued by people. In the postscript of calligraphy and painting of laigutang written by Lianggong of the Qing Dynasty, it is said that "Biyu is known to be good at dividing books. People do not know that his regular script has reached its peak. People always ask for the division of books. Biyu is also the ear of Hanli.". The Palace Museum has a collection of its Li Shu Zhongtang, which is its representative work. Song Jue's official script took Xia Cheng stele from the French and Han Dynasties, and was deeply influenced by the fat pen School of the Tang Dynasty. The graceful stippling, the plump and thick brushwork, the sharp and bold brushwork, the dry and wet ink color, and the whole painting was old and vigorous, which was very interesting to Han Li. But to be fair, there are also many defects in this work: a little messy composition, regular script color of posture, poor skill of changing lines, unbearable individual characters and free signature. In any case, it is not up to everyone's standard. Xia Cheng Bei, which was adopted by song Jue, is not the best of Han Dynasty's Li calligraphy, and its Li calligraphy creation is not perfect compared with those masters who are good at Li calligraphy in Qing Dynasty. Even so, we still need to see the extraordinary significance of song Jue in the history of books.

Lishu was in the latent period in the song, yuan and Ming Dynasties, but under the influence of epigraphy and retro calligraphy style, it was still alive and did not die out. The official script of Ming Dynasty was even more sluggish. The official script of a generation like Wen Zhengming was also rigid. At that time, Li Fa Zong Han had not become a common knowledge of calligraphy. The root of Li Shu's naivety at that time was to follow the Li Shu of Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties and imitate the contemporary calligraphers. On the other hand, song Jue fundamentally changed the wrong direction of Li Shu. He was the first person who extended his learning tentacles to the Han Dynasty official script for hundreds of years after the decline of the official script in the middle Tang Dynasty. He preserved the pure atmosphere of the official script, pointed out the way forward for the later scholars, and made great contributions to the revival of the official script in the Qing Dynasty. Zheng Zhen, who was born in the late Song Dynasty in the 46th year, was the founder of Li in the early Qing Dynasty. His experience of learning books illustrates the important significance of song Jue from both positive and negative aspects: Zheng's "learning from Song Biyu at the beginning, seeing strange and happy, learning for 20 years, day away from the ancient gradually far away, deeply regretting that he did not seek the original, but learning from Han stele, only to know simple and ancient, clumsy and strange. Those who have been deeply involved in it for more than 30 years have gone back to the source of poverty. Over time, they are so humble and strange. " (Lifa Suoyan)

Zheng Zhen's change from learning from Song Jue to learning from Han stele confirmed the correctness of the principle of "learning from Han Dynasty" and "learning from heart but not from trace".

Chinese PinYin : Song Jue