Song Yu
Song Yu
Song Yu, Zi Ziyuan, is a descendant of the Duke family of the state of song, a scholar of the state of Chu, a writer of Ci Fu and a scholar official of the state of Chu. He was king Qingxiang of Chu.
Songyu is as famous as tangle and jingcha. There are 16 pieces of Fu recorded in the book of Han, Volume 30, Yiwenzhi No.10, which are mostly lost today. The popular works include Jiubian, Fengfu, Gaotang Fu and dengtuzi lecherous Fu, but some people suspect that the last three were not written by him. The allusions of "xialiba", "yangchunbaixue" and "qugaoheshao" all come from him.
Life of the characters
Song Yu (about 298 BC - about 222 BC) Zi Yuan, a descendant of the Duke family of the Song Dynasty, is a scholar of the state of Chu who worships Lao and Zhuang.
As for Song Yu's life, according to the biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng in historical records: "after Qu Yuan's death, there were disciples of Song Yu, Tang le and Jing Chai in Chu, all of them had good words and were known as Fu. However, Qu Yuan, the founder of the calm words, did not dare to admonish. "The account is very brief. There is a saying in Han Shi waizhuan that Song Yu met Chu Xiang because of his friends. In Liu Xiang's new preface, "Song Yu met King Xiang of Chu because of his friends" and "did things to King Xiang of Chu but did not see him". At the same time, "King Wei of Chu (the grandfather of King Xiang) asked Song Yu". Wang Yi said that he was a disciple of Qu Yuan in Chu Ci Zhang Ju. In Xiangyang Qi Jiu Zhuan written by Xi Zao Chi in Jin Dynasty, it is said: "Song Yu was born in Yan of Chu, so there was Song Yu in Yicheng. He started to work for Qu Yuan, but he was exiled and asked for the friendship of Chu. "In a word, there are many different opinions about Song Yu's life, and it's hard to know. Generally speaking, Song Yu was born after Qu Yuan and had a humble background, so she was not successful in her official career.
As for Song Yu's apprenticeship, it is generally believed that he inherited Qu Yuan. However, some scholars believe that Wang Yi's claim that Song Yu was a disciple of Qu yuan 200 years later is groundless, because he interpreted "ancestor (inheriting and imitating) Qu Yuan" as "learning from Qu Yuan".
According to the records of art and literature in the history of Han Dynasty, there were 16. Today, it is said that two pieces of Jiubian and Zhaohun, written by him, can be found in Wang Yi's Chuci Zhangju; five pieces of Fengfu, Gaotang Fu, shennu Fu, dengtuzi lecherous Fu, and duking Quwen, can be found in Xiao Tong's Wenxuan; six pieces of Difu, Dayan Fu, Xiaoyan Fu, satirical Fu, Diao Fu, and Wufu, can be found in Zhangqiao's Guwen Wenyuan; gaotangdui, weiyongfu and yingzhongdui, which can be found in guangwenxuan of LiuJie in Ming Dynasty. However, the authenticity of these works is mixed, and the only credible and undisputed one is Jiubian. There are a lot of controversies in the book, which is generally believed to be written by Qu Yuan. Others, such as Gaotang Fu, shennv Fu, dengtuzi lecherous Fu, Fengfu and so on, play an important role in the history of literature.
Although Song Yu's achievements are difficult to compare with Qu Yuan's, he is the direct successor of Qu Yuan's poetic art. In his works, the description of objects tends to be delicate and exquisite, and the combination of lyric and scenery is natural and appropriate, which plays a role of connecting the past and the future between Chu Ci and Han Fu. Li Bai once said that "Qu and song are long dead, and there is no words worthy of praise", which shows Song Yu's position in the history of literature.
Biography
In 298 BC, in the first year of King Qingxiang of Chu, Song Yu was born in Yancheng of Chu, and grew up with Qu Yuan.
In 296 BC, in the third year of King Qingxiang of Chu, King Huai of Chu died in the state of Qin. Qu Yuan wrote "evocation", and Song Yu was three years old.
In 292 B.C., after Qin and Chu had been repaired, King Xiang of Chu married Qin's daughter. Song Yu was 7 years old.
In 284 BC, the five states destroyed Qi, and naochi, the general of Chu, killed the king of Qi when he saved Qi. Song Yu is 15 years old.
In the spring of 282 BC, Song Yu was 17 years old. Jing Chai recommended Song Yu to King Xiang of Chu. He was appointed a literary minister by King Xiang and later a doctor. Do Gao Tang Fu, Da Yan Fu and Xiao Yan Fu. Song Yu got the field of cloud dream.
In the autumn of 281 BC, Song Yu wrote satirical Fu.
Summer 280 BC. Song Yu wrote Fengfu.
Fall 280 BC. Song Yu wrote a question to the king of Chu.
Summer 279 BC. Song Yu wrote Diao Fu.
In 279 B.C., in the 20th year of King Qingxiang of Chu, Qin general Baiqi led the Yi River and used Changqu to capture Yan city of Chu.
In the spring of 278 BC, he wrote "Ode to goddess".
In February 278 BC, the Chu official Zhaoqi rebelled. Song Yu and Zhuang Xin joined hands to put an end to the chaos. Song Yu was a government official at the age of 21.
In April 278 BC, in the 21st year of King Qingxiang of Chu, Qin general Baiqi captured Yingdu, burned the tomb of the former king of Chu, and moved the capital of Chu to Chencheng. Qu Yuan, who was about 62 years old at that time, committed suicide by throwing himself into the river on May 5 of the lunar calendar.
In 263 BC, King Xiang died, and King kaolie succeeded to the throne at the age of 20. Song Yu is 36 years old.
In 258 BC, Song Yu advised king kaolie to join Zhao. He was 41 years old when he was a political doctor.
In 253 BC, Song Yu was 46 years old. Huang Xie was in favor, and Kao lie Wang gave Song Yu a cold reception.
In 249 B.C., Chu destroyed Lu and Huang Xie elevated king kaolie. Song Yu, 50, was removed from all duties. This year, he wrote nine debates.
In 241 BC, Chu moved to Shouchun. Song Yu is 58 years old.
In 227 BC, Jing Ke assassinated Qin. Song Yu wrote Ode to flute.
In 222 BC, Chu died and Song Yu died. He was about 76 years old.
remarks
The Central Plains version of the chronology records that the age does not match the date of birth, so it is estimated that Song Yu was three years old in 296 BC, and the age that does not match the era is revised.
Documentation
Biography of people Volume 1: People
The jade of Song Dynasty is the Yan of Chu. At the beginning, Qu Yuan was exiled, and Chu Youjing was poor. Jing Chai was afraid that he would win over himself. To the king, he thought he was a minor minister. Yu let his friend: friend said, "husband Jiang GUI is born because of the place, not because of the place, beautiful women marry because of the media, not because of the media. I'm the one who gets an official by talking, and I'm the one who gets an official but is not proud. " Yu said: "if the East Guo Jun, the world's cunning rabbit also, nine hundred miles a day and died, can not help but Han Lu's mouth, but in the ears of hunters. If you see from a distance, you will find that Han Lu is not as good as cunning rabbit; if you let go, you will find that Dongguo lion is inevitable. What do I say to the king today, for the sake of tracing from afar? Creeping and spilling? " Thank you and reply to the king.
Jade is good at writing, while Xiangwang is happy and loves Fu. He not only beautifies his talent, but also detests Qu Yuan. He said, "is it true that he followed the customs of Chu and made the people of Chu noble?" He said: "in the past, there were good singers in Chu. What about Wang Qiwen? In the beginning, there were hundreds of LIBA people in the lower part of the country, but there were fewer than ten people in the middle part of the country, and there were fewer than three people in the middle part of the country, including Shang Tujiao and JueJie ququ
In the season of the Red Emperor, the female was called Yaoji. She died before she left. She was buried in the sun of Wushan, so she was called the female of Wushan. King Huai of Chu traveled in the high Tang Dynasty and slept in the daytime. He dreamt of meeting the goddess and called himself the daughter of Wushan. Go and say: "I'm in the sun of Wushan, in the sky of gaoqiu, in the morning I'm in the clouds, in the evening I'm in the rain, in the morning and in the evening I'm under the balcony." In the Dan Dynasty, it was regarded as such, so it was placed in the south of Wushan mountain and called Chaoyun. When he arrived at Xiangwang, he went back to Gaotang.
The travel between King Xiang of Chu and Song Yu in the field of cloud dream will make Song Yu write about the events of the Tang Dynasty. Looking at the Chaoyun Pavilion, there are clouds on it: straight up, suddenly changing, in a moment, changing endlessly. The king asked Song Yu, "what is the spirit of this?" He said: "in the past, the former king traveled in the high Tang Dynasty, idling and sleeping in the daytime. He dreamed of a woman, warm as a cloud, glowing as a star, who was about to arrive, drifting as if to stop. Wang Yue asked Yan. She said: "Ji Nu of our emperor, named Yaoji, died before she went. She was sealed on the balcony of Wushan mountain. Her spirit was based on the grass. She was actually a Ganoderma lucidum. She was charming and obedient, which was related to the dream period. She is the daughter of Wushan and the concubine of Gaotang. She is willing to recommend a pillow when she hears that you are traveling in Gaotang. " Wang was so lucky. "
Tomb site
According to historical records, there are five song jade tombs in China. There are Song Yu's former residence and Song Yu's tomb in Yicheng, Hubei Province. Beside the songyucheng site in Linli, Changde, Hunan Province, there is a Songyu tomb on the lookout hill. According to textual research, the tomb of Song Yu in Yanying (today's Yicheng) has a high credibility, and the tombstone was rebuilt in the 21st year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. The inscription on the tombstone has such sentences as "thousands of people are abandoned in spring and snow, and clouds are cast away in the evening". Jin Zhongxiang also has a huge stele of "white snow in Yangchun" and a Han white jade stele of "Taifu in Yangchun" made by the father of emperor Jiajing.
Related Ancient Poems
Praise poems of later generations
(1)
Five poems about historic sites
·Two
(Du Fu)
I know that song Yubei is a good teacher.
Looking forward to a thousand years of tears, depression different generations at the same time.
Jiangshan old house empty Wenzao, cloud and rain desolate platform not dream.
Most of all, the Chu palace has disappeared, and the zhouren's guidance is still in doubt.
(2) Song Yu
(Li Shangyin)
Why Jingtai million, but teach Song Yu good talent.
The songs of Chu have not spared tangle any more.
At the beginning of the new year, Yunmeng sent fireworks.
Pitiful Yu Xin's pursuit of the barren path is still the result of three dynasties' support of the rear car.
(3)
High flower
(Li Shangyin)
Flowers will laugh together, hedge exposed branches.
Song Yu's Riverside house has a low wall.
(4)
Nanxiangzi
(Qin Guan)
It's a wonderful hand to write the emblem. Water Jian eyes point crimson lips. It's suspected that Song Yu was a neighbor in the East. Only half of the wall.
The past is bitter. Who remembers when Cui Dai frowned. There is something hateful and heartless about Tao. Ren is heartless and moving.
(5)
To my neighbor's daughter
(Yu Xuanji)
Cover your sleeves in a shy day, and worry about your makeup in spring. It is easy to seek priceless treasure, but hard to have a heart.
Pillow hidden tears, flowers between the dark heartbreak. If you can see Song Yu, why hate Wang Chang.
Chinese PinYin : Song Yu
Song Yu
