An Tao

An Tao

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An Tao, who was born in Kaifeng, Henan Province, was the third person to be a Jinshi in the fourth year of emperor Renzong Jiayou of the Northern Song Dynasty (1059)

Life of the characters

When an Tao was 11 years old, he didn't want to play with the children who went to school together. When he heard that an old man was taking students at home, he went to visit his teacher. Mr. Wang said: "you just can recite a few poems, but it's not enough to learn from me. If you want to learn, try a poem in public, and you won't be accepted until you choose it." An Tao has no difficulty. The success of the poem was above all the students, from which an Tao became famous.

After an Tao ascended the throne, he was an official of observing and pushing in caizhou at the beginning, and was in charge of taichangcheng and damingfu road. Later, recommended by Ouyang Xiu, he was the manager of the secret court, the judge of Nancao, the transfer judge of Jinghu North Road, the prison officer of Changping, irrigation and water conservancy, and the official. At that time, the new law was just established, and officials were ordered to act or cater to the demand for progress. The announcement was issued day and night, and an Tao peacefully pursued the new law. Seeing his appearance, Shenzong sent him to practice daily life.

At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty (around 1078), Gao Liguo established diplomatic relations with the Song Dynasty, and the imperial court pretended to appoint an Tao as Zuo Jianyi to visit Gao Liguo. Gao Liguo's warm hospitality was more than the courtesy of entertaining Khitan envoys, and sent someone to an Tao to say, "the king of our country is very respectful to the envoys, really out of sincerity, unlike the reception of Khitan envoys to avoid border trouble." An Tao replied with a smile: "respect for the Chinese nation, willing to communicate with big countries, etiquette should be the same, not because few etiquette is particularly grand. It has been a long time since the imperial court established a friendly relationship with Liao state. Would it care about the etiquette here? "After the return of the envoy, Emperor Shenzong thought that Antao was polite. So he gave him the official position he had been granted, and he also went straight to the bachelor's college.

Achievements and honors

When an Tao was in the court of trial and punishment, he dealt with more than 500 doubtful cases which had been accumulated over the years. Later, he sought knowledge from Chenzhou and became a direct Bachelor of LongTuge and a military supervisor.

An Tao was ordered to entertain Liao envoys. At a banquet in the suburbs, the Khitan emissary did not let his followers sit around the hall separately. After a long argument, the emissary was speechless. At the end of the diplomatic ceremony, when an Tao received the visitors separately, the Khitan emissary did not allow his entourage to move. The Khitan emissary entered alone, and the others sat outside the door. When an Shou went out to invite them, the other party began to feel ashamed and regret. On the day of farewell, they followed the etiquette. An Tao said: "the Khitans like to test others. This kind of symptom can't be encouraged." Before long, an Tao was appointed as the third secretary of the Ministry of household affairs. Yuanfeng six years (1083), appointed Tongzhi Privy Council Affairs.

Xixia people came to complain and sincerely asked to return their territory invaded by Song Dynasty. An Tao said: "if it's not a vital place, it's nothing to give him. However, we should know that the Qiang people are insatiable of greed. We should let them know that our country forgives each other and stops fighting. We should not let them feel that we don't want to use military force. " When zhe Zong succeeded to the throne, he discussed this topic again. Zhongshu and Shumi wanted to give up Xihe. An Tao insisted: "since the east of Lingwu, it has been China's land since ancient times. The martial arts established by the former Emperor are now given up for no reason, so the foreigners look down on us. "So they decided to return only Jialu and other four villages to Xixia.

The Empress Dowager xuanren was worried about the lack of national expenses and decided to abolish unnecessary expenses, including the worship of the imperial family members. An Tao advised: "although your majesty has the pain to suppress foreigners, in order to show selflessness, but this weightlifting is big, we must consider it carefully." The Empress Dowager awoke and stopped.

The Yellow river changed its course and flowed northward. The prime minister suggested that the water officials discuss the matter and make it return to its original place and flow eastward. An Tao felt that when the Yellow River flowed into Luodian, sediment settled and the river became shallower, so there would be no natural barrier to defend the enemy in the Yellow River area. He said: "although the Yellow River has changed its course many times, it is all in the central region, so there is the Yellow River as the northern boundary to the north of the capital. Today, the mouth of the river burst westward, and the tail of the river is further northward. In the long run, the south bank will be moved northward, and gradually it will be within the enemy's boundary. If they build bridges on the river and send troops to garrison, it will be bad for us. Today's water officials only talk about the cost from the perspective of terrain, while those ministers who offer advice do not think about the problem fundamentally, but just for the convenience of river control and putting the country in danger. It's not a good idea. " Although the emperor thought his words were reasonable, he had nothing to do in the face of discussion and huge expenses.

Related events

Huizong succeeded to the throne, and Antao knew the Privy Council. Later, on the pretext of old age, Huizong asked for abdication. Huizong prepared to appoint him as the grand Bachelor of Guanwen palace. Someone came out to stir up dissension and said, "this is the grace of the prime minister." The results showed that Henan Province was only known by bachelor degree. Before leaving, an Tao Shangshu said: "since the year of Shaosheng and Yuanfu (1094-1100), the ministers have not considered the national interests at all. When listening to their boasting, we must observe how they deal with things.

In the years of Xining and Yuanfeng (1068-1085), the central and local warehouses were all full, and the money and rice accumulated in the small counties and cities were no less than 200000. Since the year of Shaosheng, the local government had given all it had to the border soldiers, but there was no food in the army, the officials could not get their monthly salary, and the public things were wasted, which was no more serious than that. On the contrary, framing Shaoshu has become a big injustice? May your majesty see clearly. Don't let those who are clever and selfish have another market. " He admonished: "Tokyo party disaster has sprouted. It will be too late to deal with it when they are finished." An Tao's speech was especially intense.

Many years ago, Miao Chuan of Tang Dynasty was built as Huangzhou, where the supply of soldiers was extremely difficult. When an Tao was in the Privy Council, because some people thought that he could give up when they discussed the matter, he played according to the facts. This place is returned to Xixia. In 1102, the first year of Chongning, some people talked about it and thought that it was wrong to cede the land, so they said that an Tao was guilty. So he was demoted to an Tao as a scholar of Duanming palace, and then demoted to the Deputy envoy of the Ningguo army, who was resettled by the Hanyang army. After the recovery of Huangzhou, he was demoted to deputy regiment training envoy of Qizhou. After the recovery of Shanzhou, he was transferred to Jianchang army. However, when he gave up Shanzhou, an Tao was still at home to take care of the funeral, and did not express his opinion on Shanzhou. The fall of Shanzhou had nothing to do with him, but was implicated. An Tao thought about it again and again, and finally did not dare to express himself. Another year later, he returned to Luoyang, where he died at the age of 75. It took another five years before he recognized his original position.

Contribution Summary

The first snow in Jianggan

It's more difficult to travel in the sea at night.

Since then, the world has been flourishing. It's better to just look at the pictures.

notes:

① Infinite Prosperity: in the chronicle of Song Poetry: infinite scenery.

② Jinglan (J ī n ɡ L á n): just like the waves.

Chinese PinYin : An Tao