Yu Wenyu

Yu Wenyu

Yuwenyu (534-560 May 30), a member of Xianbei nationality, was born in Yanlu County, Honghua county (now Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province). The second emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (from September 557 to may 560) was the eldest son of Yu Wentai, the emperor of Zhou, whose mother was Mrs. Yao.

He is broad-minded, benevolent and well read. In 548, he was granted the title of Duke of Ningdu county. He was worshipped as the third division of Kaifu Yitong and the governor of Huazhou. He moved the general to guard Longyou. After the establishment of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Yu wenjue was promoted to Zhu state, governor of Qizhou, and king of Yidu. He had made great achievements in local governance and was deeply appreciated by the people. He was welcomed by Otsuka Zaiyu and succeeded to the throne. He made great efforts to govern, advocated thrift, clarified the administration of officials, and compiled classics. Wucheng first year (559), officially called emperor.

In the second year of Wucheng (May 30, 560), he was killed by Yu Wenhu, a minister of power. He was only 27 years old. He was posthumously named Emperor Ming and his temple was named Shizong. He was buried in Zhaoling.

Life of the characters

Early experience

In the third year of Yongxi (534), Yu Wentai went to xiazhou and gave birth to Yu Wenyu in Tongwancheng, so he took the nickname tongwantu.

In the 14th year of Datong (549), Yu Wenyu was granted the title of Duke of Ningdu County, with 3000 households of food.

In 551, he took charge of the political affairs of Huazhou. Then he was appointed as the third division of Kaifu Yitong, governor of Yizhou military and governor of Yizhou.

In the third year of emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty (556), he was appointed as a general to guard the area west of Longshan. In the first month of the first year of emperor Xiaomin (557), yuwenjue, the younger brother of emperor Xiaomin, was promoted to the throne of Zhu state by Zen, and transferred to the military and governor of Qizhou. When Yu Wenyu was in Qizhou, he made great achievements and was deeply appreciated by the people.

Ascend to the throne as Emperor

In September of the first year of emperor Xiaomin (557), yuwenhu, the Duke of Jin, dethroned emperor Xiaomin. Yuwenhu did not dare to stand on his own because his wings were not yet full. He sent envoys to Qizhou to welcome Yu Wenyu to succeed him. On September 27, Yu Wenyu arrived in the capital. September 28, the throne of heaven, pardoned the prisoners of the world.

On August 14, the first year of Wucheng (559), Yu Wenyu was called the king of heaven, so he changed his name to Emperor. He respected his father, Yu Wentai, as Emperor Wen, and granted amnesty to the whole world.

Death from poisoning

Yu Wenyu is weak in appearance, but in fact, he has his own ideas. He refused to listen to yuwenhu everywhere. After yuwenhu pretended to return to power, yuwenyu began to exercise part of his power to deal with state affairs and carry out reform, but military power was still firmly in yuwenhu's hands. Seeing that yuwenyu was not well controlled, yuwenhu tried to harm him.

At that time, there was a man named Ang Lee who was favored by Yu Wenhu for his cooking skills and was promoted to be a doctor under the Ministry of food. In April of the second year of Wucheng (560), yuwenhu quietly ordered Ang Lee to poison yuwenyu's food. On April 19, Yu Wenyu was critically ill, and the dictation of the imperial edict was passed to Yu Wenyong, the fourth younger brother of the state of Lu. On April 20 (May 30), Yu Wenyu died in Yanshou hall at the age of 27. After the death of Yu Wenyu, Yu Wenhu had no way to change because of the imperial edict handed down orally by the former Emperor, so he had to obey the order to make Yu Wenyong emperor, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. After Yu Wenyong ascended the throne, he was posthumously named emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and his temple name was Shizong. On May 21, he was buried in Zhaoling (now Dizhang street, Weicheng District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province).

personal works

Yi Wei Ju Shi Shi Shi, he Wang Bao Yong Jie Hua, Guo Jiu Gong

Anecdotes and allusions

After Yu Wenyu ascended the throne, he was very courteous and respected Wei He, a famous scholar at that time. He wrote a poem and presented it to him, saying: "Liuyu divines and avoids the world, but the sun, moon and stars are less bright. Yingyang push beyond ancient times, Cangzhou no longer come back. The fragrance comes from the shaking autumn orchid ornaments, and the breeze blows up the clothes made of lotus leaves. Sit on the stone to peep at the fairy cave, take a raft to fish on the rocks near the water. The green pines on the ridge stand upright and dry, and the clear springs on the rocks fly high. Let's go to Pingle temple and look at Osmunda on Shouyang mountain. How can you be equal to four hermits? Please come and participate in my daily life. " Wei Zhen wrote a poem to reply to Yu Wenyu and was willing to visit the court on time. Yu Wenyu was very happy and ordered the government to supply him a bucket of Hedong wine every day, calling him "xiaoyaogong".

Political initiatives

Politics

During his reign, Yu Wenyu worked hard and made remarkable achievements, and was deeply loved by the people. He is tolerant and has a relatively harmonious relationship with his subjects, so his prestige grows with each passing day. Yuwenyu is capable and independent. Although he was supported by yuwenhu, he was not willing to be a puppet and was eager to manage politics himself. Yuwenhu saw that he was smart and capable, so that on the 21st of the first month of the first year of Wucheng (559), he returned to the government. Wenyu began to deal with the political affairs himself.

In the period of Wenyu, the government paid attention to thrift, did not use silk carvings, strictly prohibited official corruption, and made efforts to clean up the government.

military

In March of the first year of Wucheng (559), Tuguhun invaded the Northern Zhou border. On March 23, Yu Wenyu sent Da Sima and he Lanxiang, the Duke of Boling, to attack Tuyuhun. In May, he Lanxiang conquered Taoyang and Honghe counties, forcing Tuyuhun to flee.

Culture

After Yu Wenyu ascended the throne, he summoned more than 80 people with literary accomplishments under Gongqing to publish classics and history in Linzhi hall. From Fuxi and Shennong to the end of Wei Dynasty, he compiled the genealogy of the world, a total of 500 volumes. He himself read a lot and was good at writing articles. He also wrote ten volumes of articles, which spread all over the world. The publication of these classics made a great contribution to the development of academic culture at that time. In addition, during his reign, Han culture gradually penetrated into the minority culture, accelerated the great integration of Chinese culture, and paved the way for Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty to eliminate Buddhism and learn Han culture.

administration

On the 23rd day of the first month of the second year of the Ming Dynasty (558), Yu Wenyu ordered the establishment of twelve counties in Yongzhou, Puzhou in Hedong, Yuzhou in Hebei, Shanzhou in Hongnong, Jiangzhou in Zhengping, Xiongzhou in Yiyang and Shaozhou in Shaojun. In March, Yongzhou governor was changed to Yongzhou herdsman, and Jingzhao prefect was changed to jingzhaoyin. Kangzhou was set up in Guangye county and Xiucheng County, and Wenzhou was set up in Jialu county. In April, Wannian county was separated from Chang'an, and its administrative office was located in the capital.

Historical evaluation

Linghu de Fen's ZhouShu: ① "the emperor is broad, benevolent, and amiable to the nine nationalities, with the quantity of the emperor and the people.". He is young and studious, well read, good at writing, and his Ci is warm and beautiful. " (2) he is broad-minded, benevolent and knowledgeable. It's a place where the emperor's residence is respected, and it's a place where the writer's writing is well known. The leopard's posture has changed, and the dragon's virtue is still latent. But Baipi is in love, Wanfang pays attention to it. It's like welcoming xuanzhuhe, joining the Ministry, being polite and meritorious, being good-natured to the nine ethnic groups, being polite and thrifty, advocating literati and Confucianism. In the beginning, the powerful officials were autocratic, and the government went out of the private door; in the end, the poison was added, and the life was not everlasting. What a pity (3) "there is a beautiful government in governance, which is cherished by the people."

Historical records

member of family

parent

Empress

children

Son

daughter

Film and television image

Chinese PinYin : Yu Wen Yu