Meng Chaoran

Meng Chaoran

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Meng Chaoran (1730-1797) was born in Fujian Province (now Fuzhou). Born in an official family, he became a scholar in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. He became a doctor of five grades in the Ministry of officials and distributed his knowledge of politics to Sichuan. In 1797, Meng Chaoran died.

Personal life

He was born in 1731, the ninth year of Yongzheng reign in Qing Dynasty, and his father was a servant in the government office. Meng Chaoran was a diligent scholar at the age of 16. He was highly valued by Lin Zhichun, the head of Aofeng Academy. He was elected as Bagong and enrolled in Taixue. Before long, the list of vice-chairman and vice-chairman of the CPC Central Committee was filled. Governor Chen Hongmou cherished his talent and discussed with Feng Qian, a scholar envoy, to recommend Meng Chaoran to the imperial court. Feng Qian thought: Meng Sheng has talent and will develop. If he passes the recommendation, he will not become a county magistrate as usual, but he will miss his future. In 1759, Meng Chaoran took part in the provincial examination again. In the second year's joint examination, Lian Jiecheng became a Jinshi, selected an imperial scholar, changed the head of the military selection Department of the Ministry of war, transferred the head of the literary selection Department of the Ministry of official affairs, and was promoted to be a doctor of merit examination. Jingchazhong was rated as the first class, and was called "mengkaogong". Qianlong 30 years (1765), the main test in Guangxi Province. Qianlong 33 years (1768), branch of Beijing Wei. Then he studied in Sichuan. Due to Meng Chaoran's honesty and politeness, many old scholars who had been frustrated in the imperial examination for many years competed for the examination. In order to rectify the style of scholars, Meng Chaoran specially flaunted Wei liaoweng, a great scholar in Shu in Song Dynasty, as a model of academic research. He also wrote on thick customs to persuade local men to marry, to separate their families and to live together with few families. In 1772, when the Emperor Qianlong was still in the Qing Dynasty, the Shu people erected "qusi stele" for Meng Chaoran. The court wanted to put Meng Chaoran in high position. He resigned because he was "close to the old man" and was eager to return to his hometown. When he was 42 years old, he no longer became an official. Xu Siceng, the governor of Fujian Province, paid attention to education and was kind to scholars. He planned to invite Meng Chaoran to preside over Aofeng Academy. He had visited three times, but Meng Chaoran gave his sick speech. Later, taking advantage of the opportunity of offering sacrifices at the Confucius Temple, Xu Siceng personally led the officials of various departments and Taoism to visit Meng's house on foot, and finally agreed to be the mountain leader. Xu Si once set up a capital for the academy to increase student subsidies. Meng Chaoran was a man of great virtue, strict self-discipline, and meticulous. After he was appointed as the head of the Academy, he abolished the cumbersome regulations of the Academy, admonished the students with the word "sincerity" and personally investigated diligence and laziness. As a result, the number of scholars in the academies increased rapidly, and the school was not enough to accommodate them. Several people shared a room, but everyone worked hard and the style of study was vigorous. During the eight years under the leadership of Meng Chaoran, he has cultivated a number of outstanding talents, such as Chen Shouqi, Liang Zhangju and Lin Zexu. Meng Chaoran's reputation is equal to that of CAI Shiyuan, the first mountain chief. Meng Chaoran was diligent in his studies, but he was never willing to show others his works. There are thousands of volumes of books in the collection, and each book is filled with notes at the end of the paper. Any opinions or questions are marked in regular script, explaining what the predecessors have not done, and their knowledge is respected by the senior officials in central Fujian. When he was lecturing on Aofeng, Wang Qingchang, the inspector general, attended the lecture and held the ceremony. at that time, there was a rich man in Southern Fujian who committed a crime and was jailed. He was willing to pay 100000 liang of silver to seek relief, and wanted to ask Meng Chaoran. One day, when Meng Chaoran had a banquet with his disciples, some people took the opportunity to show their intention. Meng Chaoran slowly got up and went to the hall, looked up to the sky and sighed: have I been discovered by you recently? Why did this kind of language come to my ears? Everyone was terrified. After Meng Chaoran resigned, he didn't have much money, and all his relatives who were poor, sick, buried, married and asked for financial assistance were able to help him, so he was even more difficult. However, there were still many people who asked for help. Meng Chaoran relied on borrowing and pawning to cope with the situation. Some people even ransacked Meng Chaoran's clothes. Meng Chaoran once said: Xu Ling, a litterateur in the Southern Dynasty, was very poor. Now he still has a car to sell, which is not the poorest. Although I dare not compare myself with Fan Zhongyan, I am only worried about the Qi people first and happy about the Qi people later. In case of slander, false IOU or long-term debt default, they will not be investigated. He always treats people with a mild attitude and never goes against the rules of propriety; he never tolerates anything unjust. At home on weekdays, if it's not a business, even a famous post will not enter the prefecture or county yamen.

Main works

Meng Chaoran's academic ideas are different from those of the common corrupt scholars. The author thinks that the key to self-cultivation lies in "self-restraint and less mistakes" and "changing temperament"; it's better to put the theory of life into practice than to pursue it; it's better to pay attention to physical and mental cultivation than to pursue it. It is believed that there is a lot of malpractice in the epitaphs written by Yang Shi in his later years of the Song Dynasty and in the opinions of Wang Shouren school and Zhan Ganquan in Ming Dynasty. Meng Chaoran's academic works include a brief collection of funerals, Cheng Shi Lu, Fen Xiang Lu, Qiu Fu Lu, Wan Wen Lu, Guang AI Lu, Jia Jie Lu, guapeng Shu Lu, diary of Shi Yue, diary of Shi Shu, collection of poems of Yi Yuan Ting Wen, etc.

Official measures

When Meng Chaoran was a doctor in the Ministry of officials, he hated corrupt officials who used power for personal gain. Once, Meng Chaoran went to Sichuan as a school inspector and found that the governor of the province was seriously corrupt. On the governor's birthday, the governor sent out a lot of invitation cards, hoping to make a big profit. Meng Chaoran wrote a couplet to congratulate the governor. Meng Chaoran said: "couplets with their own title, it can be." The governor is still immune. Meng Chaoran understood that people don't think the ceremony is light and it's not practical. On his birthday, Meng Gong came to the governor's office and sat outside his head door with a chair. At this time, the governor's subordinate officials came in an endless stream, among whom there were many people carrying things and silver. Meng Chaoran stopped the people who took part in the birthday celebration and said, "adults are honest and don't accept gifts. I'm a Beijing official from the Ministry of official affairs. I only send some small things and I don't accept them. Besides, you are his subordinates, and you won't accept them. " He also said solemnly: "if any of you take the opportunity to present heavy objects and bribe to promote relations, I will expose and report to the Ministry of officials." As a result, the givers were blocked by Meng Chaoran. the governor's money and money were lost, so he was naturally depressed, but the officials and people in Shu were very happy about it.

Chinese PinYin : Meng Chao Ran