Tang Shengzhi

Tang Shengzhi

Tang Shengzhi (October 12, 1890 - April 6, 1970), male, Han nationality, Meng Xiao, Mande, was born in Dong'an County, Yongzhou Prefecture, Hunan Province (now Dong'an County, Hunan Province), and was a general of the army of the Republic of China. After graduating from Baoding military academy, he went through the period from the founding of the Republic of China to the beginning of the liberation war, and held different important positions in the Kuomintang.

He entered Baoding Military Academy in 1912, and entered Hunan army after graduation. In 1929, he served as president of the military Senate of the Kuomintang government and commander in chief of the fifth Route Army. In May 1931, during the confrontation between Nanjing and Guangdong, he served as the president of Guangzhou Military Committee and military Senate. In December 1934, he also served as the director of national training department. In April 1935, he was appointed general of the army.

In 1937, he was ordered to command the Nanjing defense war. On December 11, he received Chiang Kai Shek's order and issued a withdrawal order. He left his subordinates and fled to Jiangbei. After the Nanjing defense war, Tang Shengzhi resigned all his posts and decided to return to his hometown of Dong'an to run a school. Its purpose is to maintain the Anti Japanese united front and cultivate Anti Japanese and national salvation talents.

In 1949, he took part in Hunan peaceful uprising. After that, he worked in Hunan military and political institutions and served as vice governor of Hunan Province. On April 6, 1970, he died of intestinal cancer in Changsha. He was 79 years old.

Life of the characters

Early experience

He was born on October 12, 1890 in a wealthy family of officials and businessmen. In the autumn of 1897, Tang Shengzhi read ancient books from the Tang poetry Pavilion. In the spring of 1908, Tang Shengzhi was admitted to the first phase of Hunan army military school (Army primary school). He was inclined to be a new school of thought, abided by discipline and orders, and achieved excellent results. He was often praised. In November, Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi passed away, and the Army primary school held a mourning ceremony. Tang Shengzhi didn't think much of it, and was punished for laughing below. In the spring of 1909, he was promoted to the Third Army middle school in Wuchang, Hubei Province. Under the influence of Tan Renfeng and others, Tang Shengzhi joined the alliance.

Take part in the revolution

In the autumn of 1911, after graduating from the army middle school, Tang Shengzhi was transferred to the army cadet team of Baoding Army Academy in Hebei Province. When the revolution of 1911 broke out in October, Tang Shengzhi invited several Baoding students to go south to Shanghai to participate in the revolution. In November, he served as a staff member in the Shanghai military governor's office and beat up the Indian patrol in Zhaofeng park. After December, he went to the staff of Yantai governor's Office (Li Xiehe) and became the company commander. He made a vigorous and resolute rectification of the company and accused Li Xiehe of taking a vacancy. As a result, he was excluded. In October 1912, Tang Shengzhi studied in the second company of the first infantry division of Baoding military academy. He was flexible and naughty, but because of his excellent academic performance, he became the favorite student of President Jiang Baili. In October 1914, Tang Shengzhi graduated from Baoding military academy and was assigned to Hunan army mixed brigade as the trainee platoon leader (Note 2). In the spring of 1915, after graduating from Baoding military academy, Tang Shengzhi was assigned to Hunan army mixed brigade as an intern platoon leader and acting company commander to participate in Yuan Huguo Qutang (Xiangming) movement. He was defeated and left the army and hid in Liu Renxi's home. Yuan Shikai died in June 1916. In July, the Hunan army expelled Tang Xiangming, the Hunan governor of Beiyang. Liu Renxi served as the temporary governor. Tang Shengzhi served as the battalion commander of the guard battalion of the Hunan governor's department. In August, he served as the battalion commander of the Third Battalion of the third regiment of the second Brigade (brigade commander Lin Xiumei) of the first division (division commander Zhao hengti) of the Hunan army of Beiyang. in September 1917, the military government of protecting the French was established. Tang led the Ministry to participate in the movement of protecting the French, and was promoted to head of the third regiment of the 1st Brigade of the 2nd division of the Hunan army. At the beginning of the civil war in November, Tang Shengzhi joined the Hunan army. In the spring of 1918, he was promoted to head of the third regiment of the first brigade (brigade commander song Hegeng) of the first division of Hunan army. In June 1920, the Xiang army expelled Zhang Jingyao, and Tang Shengzhi's third regiment was the forward of the Xiang army, which invaded Xiangxiang county. In September 1920, he was promoted to the second brigade commander of the first division. In November, fengdiao sent troops to Xiangxi from huanggaihu area to quell Wang Yuyin's rebellion. On November 23, Zhao hengti replaced Tan Yankai as commander-in-chief of the Hunan army. On December 31, he appointed Tang Shengzhi as the commander of the second brigade of the first division (division commander song Hegeng) of the Hunan army, with jurisdiction over the third Regiment (commander Liu Xing) and the eighth Regiment (commander Li Pinxian). In January 1921, Wang Yuyin again set up troops in Shimen and Lixian. Tang Shengzhi personally went to the front line to supervise the war and immediately captured Licheng. On February 18, he incorporated the Jingguo army of Wang Yuyin's department in Western Hunan. In July, Zhao hengti joined the Xiangzhi war as commander of the second column and commander of the left wing. He left Hubei to expel Wang Zhanyuan, the governor of Hubei Province. After Wang Zhanyuan was expelled in August, Wu Peifu and Xiao Yaonan seized the territory of Hubei Province. Zhao hengti angrily attacked the Beiyang army. In September, the Xiang army was defeated by Wu Peifu, and Tang Shengzhi lay down on the road to prevent the defeated army from collapsing. On August 21, 1922, Li Mingyang, Lai Shihuang, Zhu Peide and Chen Jiayou of Hunan army of Southern Northern Expedition army gathered in southern Hunan. On September 2, song Hegeng division of Hunan army besieged Chen Jiayou brigade in Hengyang. On September 16, ye Kaixin, Tang Shengzhi and he Yaozu of song Hegeng division defeated Chen Jiayou and occupied Wugang.

Xiaoxiang

In August 1923, under the order of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, Tan Yankai, Minister of Construction Department of Guangzhou Grand Marshal's office, was appointed governor of Hunan Province and commander-in-chief of Hunan army. He returned from Guangdong to Hunan to fight against Zhao hengti, governor of Hunan Province, who was subordinate to the Northern Warlord Wu Peifu, and waged a seesaw war with the Hunan army who supported Zhao. On the 19th, Zhao hengti took office as the commander in chief of the Hunan Provincial Constitution protection army, and Tang Shengzhi took office as the commander of the Third Route Army to attack Tan Yankai. On August 23, the tan and Zhao armies began to contact each other in Hengshan area, and defeated the tan army through fierce battle. On August 31, Zhang huizan raided Changsha, Zhao hengti army retreated, Tan Yankai army took the opportunity to fight back. On September 7, Cai Juyou occupied Taoyuan, Tang Shengzhi retreated from Changde, and on September 11, he retreated to Xiangyin to preserve his strength. On October 20, the peace negotiation broke down in Hunan. Zhao hengti fought back against Tan Yankai. Wu Peifu sent Ma Ji to help him. Tang Shengzhi led the troops to fight fiercely, defeated Xie Guoguang, and took advantage of the victory to encircle Tan's army. On November 7, Tang Shengzhi occupied Hengyang, and on November 14, Tan Yankai's troops retreated to the border of Guangdong. At the end of the tan Zhao war, the Xiang army was reorganized into four divisions, and Tang Shengzhi served as the commander of the fourth division. On December 22, Zhao hengti ordered a general attack on Western Hunan because Cai Juyou's department had not been reorganized. Tang Shengzhi crossed the Xiangjiang River by thick fog, surrounded and defeated Cai's army. Then he trained his troops in southern Hunan, expanded his strength, supervised the aftermath of southern Hunan, and supervised the Shuikoushan mining industry, gradually breaking away from Zhao hengti's control.

Buddhist generals

In January 1924, the Kuomintang was reorganized in Guangzhou, and the revolutionary tide in Guangdong quickly spread to Hunan. Tang Shengzhi went to Luoyang to see Wu Peifu, to understand Wu's attitude towards Hunan, and asked Wu to support him. He sent people to contact Guangdong and Guangxi to spy on the situation in the south. On August 26, Ta Kung Pao reported Tang Shengzhi's practice of "subsidizing with work" to build trunk roads. Tang Shengzhi worshipped Gu Boxu (Zi Tong, FA Hao Jing Yuan, commonly known as monk Gu) as his teacher, converted to Buddhism and studied Buddhism, calling himself "Buddhist general". In November, Cheng Qian, the Northern Expedition army of Guangzhou, attacked Yizhang, Hunan Province, and was defeated by Tang Shengzhi. Tang Shengzhi's fourth division had developed to 50000 men's guns, ranking the first among the Hunan army. On January 12, 1925, Cheng Qian, the left wing commander-in-chief of the northern expedition, was arrested for Tang Shengzhi in Rucheng, Hunan Province. In the autumn of 1925, Tang Shengzhi turned against Zhao and his subordinates Ye Kaixin and he Yaozu because of Zhao hengti's personal appointment. In November, Xiong Kewu retreated from Sichuan to southern Hunan, and Tang Shengzhi incorporated part of Xiong Kewu's troops into Hunan. In the winter of 1925, the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China vigorously led the anti British movement to discuss Wu (Peifu) and drive Zhao (hengti). At the same time, Li Weihan, Secretary of the district Party committee, sent Xia Xi and Wang Jiyong to instigate Tang Shengzhi to fight against Zhao Quwu and take part in the northern expedition. On January 7, 1926, Tang Shengzhi ordered all the officers and soldiers to become Buddhists and wear the badge of "great mercy to save people and save the world". In January, the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Wang Jiyong to Hengyang to put forward seven demands to Tang Shengzhi, such as opposing Wu quzhao and cooperating with the national government. Tang generally agreed, further expressed his support for the Guangdong national government, and sent 2000 yuan as funds for the activities of the Hunan provincial Party headquarters of the Kuomintang.

Hunan Province

Seeing that Tang Shengzhi's power was expanding, Zhao hengti learned that he was in contact with the Guangdong revolutionary government, so he conspired with Wu Peifu to get rid of Tang Shengzhi. In the spring of 1926, Zhao hengti called the Tang Dynasty to Changsha to attend the Dharma Association in the name of welcoming the white Lama to Changsha and hosting the so-called golden light Dharma association to pray for disaster. Knowing Zhao's intentions, Tang Cha declined to participate. Then, in the name of holding a financial meeting, Zhao invited Tang to Changsha for a meeting. Tang refused to attend the meeting, which made Zhao's plot bankrupt. At the beginning of 1926, under the leadership of Xia Xi, Guo Liang and other Communists, the people of Hunan held a meeting of ten thousand people in Changsha, which set off a vigorous campaign to fight against Wu and drive Zhao, and put forward such propositions as "down with Zhao hengti", "organizing the government representing the public opinion", "urging the Hunan army to fight against Wu Peifu" and "asking the national government to launch a northern expedition". With the support of Li Zongren, Tang Shengzhi joined the ranks of Hunan people in driving Zhao, and set out for Changsha in early March 1926. Zhao hengti, who had no military power, was forced to resign by cable on March 12 under the pressure of all parties, and recommended Tang Shengzhi as acting governor. On March 15, Tang Shengzhi went to Changsha and invited the first division commander he Yaozu, the second division commander Liu Qi, the third division chief of staff Zhang Xiongyu (division commander Ye Kaixin asked for sick leave) and officers above the brigade commander of all divisions to come to the province to discuss the aftermath. He Yaozu was Tang's classmate in Hunan army primary school. He had a close relationship with Tang, so he first consulted him. He said to he, "the revolutionary situation is developing rapidly. The northern expedition is about to take place. I have sent people from Guangdong to make secret contact with them

Chinese PinYin : Tang Sheng Zhi