Zhou Wenyong

Zhou Wenyong

Zhou Wenyong (1905-1928), male, Han nationality, born in Kaiping, Guangdong Province, is a member of the Communist Party of China.

Born in Kaiping, Guangdong Province in 1905. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925. He took part in the general strike and Guangzhou Uprising. He has successively served as the chairman of the special committee of Guangzhou workers' Congress, the organization minister and Secretary of the working committee of the CPC Guangzhou Municipal Committee, the commander in chief of the Guangzhou workers' Red Guards Corps, the people's labor committee member of the Guangzhou Soviet government, and the worker Minister of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee. After the failure of the great revolution in 1927, he and Chen Tiejun, a woman member of the Guangdong and Guangxi District Committee of the Communist Party of China, set up a secret liaison organ of the party in Guangzhou, and pretended to be husband and wife. After posing as husband and wife with Chen Tiejun, Zhou Wenyong's main job was to organize workers' riots in Guangzhou. At that time, Wang Jingwei and Chen Gongbo, who were in Guangzhou, disguised themselves as "new leftists" and advocated democracy and freedom to win the hearts of the people. In order to expose their false appearances, Zhou Wenyong led thousands of unemployed workers to shout slogans in front of the "Kuiyuan" gate of Wang Jingwei's official residence, demanding the release of the arrested workers. The enemy became angry and sent a large number of soldiers and policemen to suppress the workers. Zhou Wenyong was injured and arrested. The party set up a rescue team. Chen Tiejun worked out a rescue plan with everyone. After Chen Tiejun sent people to find out where Zhou Wenyong was being held, they tried to tell him not to drink tea, so as to cause a "high fever" and say that he was suffering from typhoid fever. Then they mobilized their friends in prison to make a noise, forcing the enemy to send Zhou Wenyong from prison to the hospital. At this time, they organized plainclothes armed forces to rescue Zhou Wenyong from the hospital. After being rescued, Zhou Wenyong and Chen Tiejun still disguised as husband and wife and worked underground in Guangzhou. Unfortunately, on January 27, 1928, Zhou Wenyong and Chen Tiejun were arrested at the same time because of the traitor's information. The enemy tortured them, but they never bowed to them. On February 6 of the same year, when they were sentenced to death and were about to die, Zhou Wenyong inscribed on the wall of the prison a poem with the last brush: "the head can be broken, the limbs can be broken, and the revolutionary spirit can not be extinguished. The head of a strong man belongs to the party, and the body of a hero belongs to the group. "

brief introduction

Zhou Wenyong (1905-1928) was born in fenghuangli, Baihe Xiadong, Kaiping County, Guangdong Province. In August 1905, he was born into a family of poor teachers. Zhou Wenyong is one of the outstanding leaders of Guangzhou workers' movement. He was a member of Guangdong provincial Party committee and Guangzhou municipal Party committee of the Communist Party of China. He was one of the main leaders of Guangzhou Uprising.

At the age of 7, Zhou Wenyong went to a private school with his father. After the revolution of 1911, Hengshi Township set up a new primary school and entered Hengshi primary school. In two years, Zhou Wenyong finished the four-year course of junior high school. I was promoted to high school. Because of the difficulties of family life. He can't afford to go on to school. After one semester, he stopped school and went to a small grocery store in maogangwei to be a "boy". To make up for the lack of family income. After one semester of suspension, Zhou Wenyong asked the school to resume. The school agreed to his request and asked him to do chores for the school kitchen. In order to avoid his tuition and solve his meals, accommodation problems.

After graduating from high school, Zhou Wenyong followed his father to teach in Baoxing village. In addition to doing a good job in classroom teaching, he also led the students to carry out recreational and sports activities, took the lead and mobilized the male students to cut off their braids, making the remote village school look brand new. What he cared about was that all his pocket money was spent on subscribing to newspapers and magazines, buying new books, and teaching students to sing anti imperialist patriotic songs.

In 1919 (the eighth year of the Republic of China), shortly after the outbreak of the May 4th movement, Zhou Wenyong left his hometown and went to Guangzhou to study in the Mechanical Engineering Department of the first class a Industrial School of Guangdong Province (now South China University of Technology). Influenced by the revolutionary thoughts of the May 4th movement, he actively participated in the revolutionary activities of the students. During this period, Zhou Wenyong met Ruan Xiaoxian, Liu Ersong and Zhou Qijian, the leaders of Guangzhou student movement. Under their influence, his ideological awareness improved rapidly. In May 1923 (the 12th year of the Republic of China), he joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League and was elected president of the student union and Secretary of the League branch of the school in the same year. In 1924, he led the whole school to oppose the reactionary authorities of the school to organize the "army regiment" and published articles in journals to expose the mayor election activities manipulated by reactionary politicians in Guangzhou. Xiao Guanying, the headmaster of "a worker" who offended the diehards, put up a notice in this summer vacation, and expelled Zhou Wenyong from school on the grounds of "too much participation in social activities, serious absenteeism" and "no intention to learn".

After Zhou Wenyong left "a worker", he was organized to work in the labor movement and was in charge of the league work in "new student society". In 1925 (the 14th year of the Republic of China), Zhou Wenyong joined the Communist Party of China. In 1925, Zhou Wenyong was sent to Guangzhou Shamian Westernization union to take part in the leading work. Hold on until the strike is over. At the beginning of 1926, Zhou Wenyong returned to the "new student society" to take charge of the work of the Youth League. He was appointed as a leading member of the workers' Movement Committee of the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China and became the right-hand assistant of Liu Ersong, the leader of the Guangzhou workers' movement at that time.

In the summer of 1926 (the 15th year of the Republic of China), Zhou Wenyong served as the Secretary of Guangzhou prefectural committee of the Communist Youth League. In July, when the National Revolutionary Army vowed to launch the northern expedition, Zhou Wenyong organized young workers to form stretcher teams and transport teams, and set up propaganda teams and health teams among students to join the strike workers in the province and Hong Kong. To give strong assistance to the Northern Expedition army.

In April 1927, after Chiang Kai Shek launched the April 12 counter revolutionary coup in Shanghai, the reactionaries in Guangdong also launched the April 15 counter revolutionary massacre. Leading organs such as the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China, the provincial and Hong Kong strike committee, and the trade union were all destroyed, and many well-known Communists such as Xiao Chunu, Liu Ersong, and Bi Lei were unfortunately arrested or killed. Zhou Wenyong is also wanted. However, despite his personal safety, he continued to fight warily and was entrusted by the Communist Party of China to replace Liu Ersong as chairman of the Guangzhou workers' Congress. On April 18, the CPC Guangdong District Committee led the reconstruction of the new CPC Guangzhou Municipal Committee and appointed Wu Yi as its secretary. Zhou Wenyong was appointed organization minister and concurrently in charge of the work of the party branches of the trade unions in Guangzhou. Zhou Wenyong convened a meeting of the leaders of the trade union affiliated to Guangzhou Federation of industry representatives to implement the spirit of the emergency meeting of the district Party committee. He formulated a plan for the struggle against the rampant attacks of the enemy, and took the district Party committee and the Youth League Committee as the examples. In the name of the provincial and municipal revolutionary trade union, the provincial and Municipal Agricultural Association, the provincial women's Association, the new student's Union and other organizations. They jointly issued the manifesto against the brutal massacre of the reactionary warlords of the Kuomintang. He put forward slogans such as "down with Chiang Kai Shek and all warlords". Under the shadow of white terror, the work of the Communist Party and the trade union turned from open to secret. Zhou Wenyong followed the instructions of the party organization and joined with other comrades. The workers' picket teams and members of all trade unions were secretly organized to establish underground armed forces for workers in Guangzhou.

In September, Zhang Fakui, the reactionary leader, led Yu Bu back to Guangdong from Jiangxi. In order to seize the territory of the GUI warlords in Guangdong, he temporarily eased the oppression on the workers and tried to cheat them out of favor and support. Under this new situation, Zhou Wenyong, according to the decision of the CPC organization, changed the Guangzhou workers' movement from secret to open, renewed his banner and inspired the fighting spirit of the masses of workers. In October, when the warlords of Guangdong Province fought together, Zhou Wenyong held the workers' Congress in Guangzhou, which decided to launch a strike among the workers. Hearing that the workers would hold a general strike, Zhang Fakui immediately tore off the mask of revolution. On October 19, Zhang Fakui sent military and police officers to arrest 45 members of the Seamen's Union and 30 members of the provincial and Hong Kong strike committee, and forcibly disbanded the picket team of striking workers. "Notices" prohibiting strikes were posted everywhere. Guangzhou was again shrouded in white terror. Zhou Wenyong and others decided to change the strike plan and struggle strategy. We organized a contingent of about 1000 workers, divided them into 100 small groups, distributed them in secret, quietly gave the reactionary army and police the illusion that the strike had been cancelled, and confused the enemy. On October 23, the reactionaries were not on guard. At two o'clock in the night, Zhou Wenyong ordered on time that 1000 workers immediately rushed to the streets from 100 places to form a team, distribute leaflets, chant slogans and demonstrate. At this time, the reactionary army and police were surprised and at a loss. The strike had a great influence on the workers in Guangzhou.

Wang Jingwei and Chen Gongbo arrived in Guangzhou. Zhang Fakui is going to dress up as a "new left of the Chinese Kuomintang" to deceive the masses. The provincial and municipal Party committees of the Communist Party of China decided to thoroughly expose the disguise of Wang Jingwei, Chen Gongbo, Zhang Fakui, etc., and entrusted the task to Zhou Wenyong. Zhou Wenyong organized more than 2000 railway workers and match workers who had been dismissed to petition Wang Jingwei's residence in Kuiyuan, Dongshan. He put forward strict requirements to Wang Jingwei, such as releasing political prisoners, resuming workers' work and resuming trade union activities. Wang Jingwei and Zhang Fakui secretly mobilized military police. Round up the backbone workers at the entrance of Donggao Avenue. Zhou Wenyong retreated to cover the crowd. He was seriously injured and was arrested with more than 30 workers. Later, the Communist Party of China wisely rescued Zhou Wenyong from the prison ward of the municipal hospital. After he was released from prison, Zhou Wenyong did not rest for a moment and worked more tenaciously to prepare for the Guangzhou Uprising.

In late November of the same year, at the conference of representatives of workers, peasants and soldiers in Guangzhou. Zhou Wenyong was elected as a member of the "uprising platform Drafting Committee" to assist Zhang Tailei, Secretary of the provincial Party committee, in drafting the uprising platform and slogan. He was also appointed member of the action committee of the general command of Guangzhou armed uprising and commander in chief of the workers' Red Guard.

At 3:30 a.m. on December 11, under the leadership of Zhang Tailei, Ye Ting, Yun Daiying, Ye Jianying, Yang Yin, Zhou Wenyong and Nie Rongzhen, the working class and revolutionary soldiers in Guangzhou held a military uprising that shocked China and foreign countries and broke out. Through bloody fighting, "Guangzhou Soviet government" was born. Zhou Wenyong was appointed member of the people's Labor Committee and Minister of education of the Soviet government. The leading position in the party is a member of the Guangdong provincial Party committee.

On the second day after the Guangzhou Uprising, various counter revolutionary forces, including imperialism, were in Guangzhou

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Wen Yong