Lu Dajun

Lu Dajun

Lu Dajun (1029-1080 A.D.), the second younger brother of Lu Dazhong, was born in Weihui, Henan Province. He was born in Lantian, Jingzhao (now Lantian County, Shaanxi Province), and was a representative of Guanzhong school in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the four sages of the LV family

Lu Dajun was born in an official and scholarly family. He had great courage and talent since he was a child. Lu Dazhong's second younger brother, a disciple of Zhang Zai, was courageous and knowledgeable since he was a child. He once wrote that "the world is one family, and China is one Fu". In the second year of Jiayou (1057) of the Northern Song Dynasty, he was a Jinshi. He was granted the post of Sili of Qinzhou (now Tianshui, Gansu Province) to join the army. He served as the governor of zhebowu of Yanzhou (now Yan'an, Shaanxi Province), the magistrate of Sanyuan, and the magistrate of Hougong (now Fuzhou, Fujian Province). He died in office. During the period of Ding you, in order to educate the villagers, he first created the "Lu's village covenant", which proposed "encouraging each other in morality and industry, regulating each other in negligence, integrating etiquette and customs, and showing sympathy for each other in adversity". It is the first written village regulation in Chinese history. His works include notes to four books and collection of Chengde.

Profile

Lu Dajun (1029-1080), the second younger brother of Lu Dazhong, was born in Jingzhao Lantian (today's Lantian County, Xi'an city). His ancestors were from Jijun (today's Weihui City, Henan Province). Because his grandfather Lu Tong was buried in Jingzhao Lantian (today's Lantian County, Xi'an city), his family settled in Lantian. Lu Dajun had five brothers, and four of them were registered. Among them, Lu Dazhong, Lu Dafang, Lu Dajun and Lu Dalin were all biographies in the history of Song Dynasty. Lu Dajun was born in a famous family and a scholarly family. He was courageous and knowledgeable since he was a child. Scholars call it Mr. Jingzhao. Jiayou Jinshi. Li Zhi Sanyuan, Brazil, Hou guanfei. In the middle of Yuanfeng, the Song Dynasty attacked the Xixia and was engaged in transportation for Luyan. Learning from Zhang Zai, he can observe the teacher's theory and put it into practice. He signed the "lvshi Village Agreement" (also known as the "Lantian Village Agreement") with Dafang and his younger brother Dalin in the township, stipulating that "those who have the same agreement should be advised by virtue and industry, regulated by negligence, and treated with courtesy and custom, and sympathized with adversity." He died in office.

political life

In the second year of Jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1059 A.D.), he was awarded the rank of Sili of Qinzhou (today's Tianshui, Gansu Province) to join the army. Later, he served as governor of zhebowu of Yanzhou (today's Yan'an, Shaanxi Province), magistrate of Sanyuan county and magistrate of Hougong (today's Fuzhou, Fujian Province). When he was recommended to Jingyang, his father LV Fu died of illness, and he rushed back to his funeral. At the end of the three-year mourning period, LV Dajun thought that he had little knowledge, so he resigned and returned to Lantian. He began to teach Zhang Zai's theory, taking "educating talents and changing customs" as his duty. After years of efforts by Lu Dajun, "customs in Guanzhong have changed.". Later, many ministers elected LV Dajun as the royal palace. LV Dajun did not live up to his high expectations and wrote a close-up of "one family in the world, one person in China", which described the idea of establishing a large Republican family with "no foreign people outside, no neighbors around, no bandits and thieves to resist, and no family to be close to". He was appointed as the shipping officer of Fengxiang and the system reform xuanyilang. Yuanfeng years (1078-1080), when the Song Dynasty used troops in Xixia, LV Dajun was the Vice Minister of the Transport Department of the Fu ting (now Fuxian to Yan'an area in Shaanxi Province). Once, Zhong'er led his troops out of the Great Wall, but the supplies were not connected. Li Ji was afraid of military law, so he planned to go back to anding (now in the area of wangjiabao in Northern Shaanxi) to get food and grass. He sent LV Dajun to ask Zhong'er for instructions. When Zhong'er learned that, he said angrily, "I've been ordered to send my troops to know the grain way. In case I don't succeed, I'll call Ji to fight with yijianer." Lu Dajun pleaded for Li Ji. After listening to Lu Dajun's explanation, Zhong er Explained and understood, but he said, "if you want to repay Ji with this, Ji will suffer first." Lu Dajun could not help but not be angry. He sneered and said, "do you think these words can scare me? I have been ordered to come to you and ask for instructions. You killed me. I have no complaints, lest you should be punished for it. " Seeing that LV Dajun was upright, Zhong Er had to agree with LV Dajun, which allowed Li Ji to be free from punishment. not long ago, Lu Dajun died of illness at the age of 52.

Rural contract system

Since the Song Dynasty, the grassroots rural people have established village rules and regulations, established organizations, self-management and self prevention. It was founded by Lu Dajun. Lu Dajun (1029-1080), a native of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, was born in a famous family. He was praised for his "one courtesy and righteousness". Lu Dajun and his brothers, Lu Dazhong (vice envoy to Shaanxi, Bachelor of jiabaowenge), Lu Dafang (political affairs, Prime Minister) and Lu Dalin (Neo Confucianism and epigraphy, Zhu Xi said that their achievements were higher than those of other scholars in Song Dynasty), were very famous at that time, and they were called "four sages of the LV family". Lu Dajun and Zhang Zai were Jinshi in the same year. Knowing that Zhang Zai was knowledgeable, he worshipped Zhang Zai as his teacher. Zhang Zai is a master of Neo Confucianism in Song Dynasty, and also the founder of Guanxue. One of the characteristics of Guanxue is that it attaches great importance to "propriety", emphasizes "Application of classics" and "practicing propriety". Lu Dajun carried forward the characteristics of Guanxue. Although he was not a high official and did not have any political achievements, he was honest and upright and attached great importance to etiquette. His greatest contribution was to change the tradition of "etiquette is not inferior to common people" in the past. He established the "lvshi village covenant" in Guanzhong, promoted etiquette and established the earliest rural autonomy system in China. Lu Dajun founded the "lvshi village treaty" because he was dissatisfied with Wang Anshi's implementation of the Baojia law. In 1070, Wang Anshi carried out the Baojia law throughout the country. This kind of Baojia law aimed at the direct control of the country by the state power was opposed by Su Shi, Sima Guang and others. But Su Shi and Sima Guang did not put forward any specific way to replace Baojia law. In this case, in 1076, Lu Dajun and his brothers discussed together and wrote the book "Lu's village treaty", and established a village Treaty Organization in his hometown Lantian in response to Wang Anshi's Baojia law.

Character

Lu Dajun, a courageous and knowledgeable disciple of Zhang Zai, once wrote that "the world is one family, and China is one person's Fu". All his life he was honest and kind. He and Zhang Zai were scholars of the same discipline. When he learned that Zhang Zai was knowledgeable, he was the first to worship Zhang Zai as a teacher, and then led scholars in Guanzhong to pursue Zhang Zai's studies. For a time, Hengqu became famous all over the world, forming "the prosperity of Guan Xue is far behind Luo Xue, and few people can integrate Zhang Zai's teaching. Only Lu Dajun was not afraid of others' words, and practiced Confucian" benevolence "ethics, taking his teacher's law as the standard Standard, and can apply the knowledge to daily life. The funeral of his father, Lu Xun, was in the activities of Lu Dajun. We must resolutely abandon old and bad habits.

personal works

His works include notes to four books and collection of Chengde. During the period of Ding you, in order to educate the villagers, with the support and joint efforts of his compatriots and brothers, he wrote the "lvshi village treaty" and "Xiang Yi". "One family in the world, one person in China"

Work evaluation

He first created the "lvshi Village Agreement", which proposed that "morality and industry encourage each other, negligence regulate each other, etiquette and customs intersect, and hardship sympathize with each other". It is the first written village rules and regulations in Chinese history. The "village treaty" mainly puts forward four chapters: "encourage each other in virtue and industry, regulate each other in negligence, integrate etiquette and custom, and sympathize with each other in adversity". After the implementation, it has played a practical effect on the transformation of Customs in Guanzhong, reversed the chaotic situation of the prevalence of Buddhism and the decline of Confucian ethics since the Han and Wei dynasties, and played a decisive and positive role. Zhang Zai happily said: "the popularity of Qin customs is good, and uncle is powerful.". Cheng Yi also said: "any road to bear, the wind is very strong." Zhu Xi called it "the present Lingshen" in the lvshi village treaty.

Character evaluation

It is recorded in the case of Lu Fan's Confucianism in the song and Yuan Dynasties: "Lv Dajun, a friend of the same year in Hengqu, was happy and good, so he held the disciple's ceremony, so the scholars were all aware of the trend. In the teaching of Hengqu, propriety is the first. Mr. article for the village, customs in Guanzhong, for a change After LV Dajun died, Fan Yu wrote an epitaph to him, saying that LV Dajun was "a gentleman of honesty and virtue", saying that LV Dajun had a mellow and upright personality, strong and brave personality, and consistent words and deeds. If you can inspire yourself with Confucius' lofty ideal, take Mencius' accumulated virtue and good deeds as an example, and encourage yourself with Yan Zike's pursuit of benevolence and righteousness, you will try to understand things from the spirit of sincere learning and strive for this goal. He does not fall into confusion because others stop, nor does he obey because of the opinions of a few people. He did not waver his views with the changes of the times, but strove for the purpose of "inheriting the unique knowledge of Confucius and Mencius, expounding the Confucian Rule of Rites" and striving to become a great Confucian. Even Lu Dajun's wife, Zhong Shi, followed his example in handling his father's funeral. Instead of local customs, he was buried in strict accordance with Confucian etiquette. His son, Lu Yishan, was also deeply passed down by his father and later became a scholar.

Chinese PinYin : Lv Da Jun1