Ye Bihua

Ye Bihua

Ye Bihua, female, born in Jiaying Prefecture, Guangdong Province, is a gifted woman who has inherited her family's knowledge, read extensively, and is good at poetry and Fu. During the reign of Guangxu, ye Bihua gave lectures in Dingyuan, Guangzhou. She was deeply influenced by the reform thought. After the failure of the reform movement of 1898, she returned to Meizhou and tried her best to carry out the new learning. Yide girls' school, founded by her, is a pioneer for the establishment of girls' schools in eastern Guangdong. Ye Bihua, fan Tianxiang and Li Yuzhen are known as the "three great poetesses of Lingdong". Ye Bihua wrote a lot of poems in his life. Before his death, he wrote two volumes of the collection of ancient Xiangge poems by hand. Qiu Fengjia, a patriotic poet in modern times, wrote a poem for ye Bihua's collection of ancient Xiangge poems, praising: "dripping powder, rubbing Su Qi, creating new meaning, dissolving plum water, writing Fengshen; Tonghua Pavilion, discussing Ci and writing outside, is more loving Xiangge as a substitute."

Profile

Ye Bihua was born in Luling Township, baidu fort, Jiaying prefecture (now in Bingcun Town, Meixian District, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province) during the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. His father, ye Xichu, was a member of the imperial examination of Jiaying Bingzi. He once taught in Guangzhou government education department.

Ye Bihua was intelligent and studious when he was young. He was famous for writing poems in his teens. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, invited her to Guangzhou as a tutor because of her fame. During her teaching period, she cared about the current situation and was deeply influenced by Kang and Liang Weixin's thoughts. After the failure of the reform movement of 1898, she left Guangzhou and returned to Meixian.

In his hometown, ye Bihua strongly advocated the establishment of women's school and the implementation of new learning. With the support of the villagers, he founded Yide women's school in Meicheng in 1906. Yide women's school mainly teaches literature and poetry. When it started, there were only over 30 students. In the old society, women could only be men's accessories. It was difficult to study, and it was even more difficult to run a girls' school. At the beginning of the school, there was a lot of resistance, and it was also satirized, slandered, ridiculed and attacked by some people. However, ye Bihua has a firm belief and is determined to run this women's school well, which has been praised by the public. In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, Meixian successively set up six women's schools. As a result, Meixian women became scholars.

Ye Bihua wrote a lot of poems in his life, most of which are meaningful and fresh to recite. When she was young, she had great ambition: "if the sword shines, the bullfight will not teach the old girl under the window." When she saw the land of China full of wind and rain, she could not help but write with emotion: "the rivers and mountains are strong for a long time, the Dragon flies, the wind and crane whirl, and the grass and trees spread. The poem expresses her noble feelings of concern for the country and the people. Her performance in love life is also delicate and touching: "I'm afraid Jingwei can hold a stone, not all the way to Tianhe" (Qixi) ";" do you know that in today's flower shadow, you can watch the double stars alone by relying on the fence "(Qixi to master Rongfang)". Ye's skill in Ci poetry is still deep. Under the "plum shadow on the high balcony", there is a piece of cloud: "the chirping autumn green feather urges the spring dream, the curtain can cross the sunset, and the sleeves are hard to kiss. Light wipe smoke mark, jade thought break still stop. Clearly depict the Xiange, Qian people who moved to the cloud screen, there are lakes and mountains, marriage, relatively Shuangqing This is a good work to express one's feelings through plum blossom.

In her later years, ye Bihua published the complete works of guxiangge, which includes her poems, CI and Fu. According to the critics, she is the best among the ladies because of her famous family, family background, intelligence and beautiful, and beautiful language. In the preface to the complete works, Huang Zunxian said: "I have heard his poems (referring to Ye Bihua) for more than 15 years. He returned to the United States from abroad and began to see his poems. His poems are elegant, graceful and profound, which are only seen in Gu Nu Liu's poems. " Qiu Fengjia praises Ye's Poems: "Pian Pian is independent of the world, and wins the reputation of drinking in Guangdong." Ye Bihua was a famous poetess in Guangdong at that time.

In February 1915, he died at home at the age of 74.

marriage

Ye Bihua married Li Fangrong, the son of Li Zaixi, an imperial scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. They are very affectionate after marriage. In order to go to the imperial examination, Li Fangrong studied at night, while ye Bihua embroidered on one side until she fell asleep at her desk. The following verse is a reflection of this kind of life:

After embroidering the mandarin duck pillow, the rooster crows nearly five o'clock.

Scared Lang wakes up in his dream, gently put the scissors!

When Li Fangrong went to the county for an examination, ye Bihua was eager for the news of the examination, and expressed his mood at that time in poems

After the event, I came back to the West. I moved my chair to look forward to Lang's return.

What's the problem today?

Their sweet life of husband and wife is on the paper.

Unexpectedly, the happy marriage life could not last long. Ye Bihua lost her husband in middle age. She endured her grief and brought up four sons and a daughter. "Hang the red curtain in the enclosed house, recruit eyebrows and beauties in the neighborhood, and make up for the family with a meager monthly income.".

Devote oneself to education

In 1898, with the support of Huang Zunxian and other social celebrities, ye Bihua founded the public "Yide women's school" (the predecessor of Meizhou women's normal school) at the former site of Peifeng Academy in Jiaying city.

At the beginning of its establishment, Yide girls' school had only 20 or 30 students, and its courses were mainly ancient prose and poetry. With the help of Zhang Yuxian (a native of Tang in the suburb of Jiaying Prefecture, wife of Liang Shiwu, a diplomat in the late Qing Dynasty), ye Bihua managed the school in good order. A few years later, the number of female students increased year by year, and the reputation of women's school was growing.

Because of Ye Bihua's advocacy, women's schools in Meizhou have sprung up and flourished. For example, Meizhou "Ploughing Xiaozhu" girls' school, Chongshi girls' school, Jiashan girls' school, Meizhou girls' higher primary school, Guangyi girls' school, Xinguang girls' school, Guili girls' school, Songkou girls' school, Xingning Yihui girls' school, Huaide girls' school, and Dapu girls' primary school are all opened first and then. Virgin schools also recruit female students one after another. The first contribution to this trend of equal enrollment of men and women is attributed to Ye Bihua.

literature

In order to increase his knowledge, ye Bihua still worships the famous scholar Ye Lantai as his teacher. Her poems and Fu are all excellent, which are handed down from generation to generation in guxiangge collection.

Poems and works have a deep and tender "boudoir": "a leaf Wutong, autumn, and small, lonely windows. I'm afraid I'll see the moon behind closed doors, and the sky will make the world sad at midnight. " There is also a solemn and generous "Yougan": "since ancient times, the article has been able to China, but who cares for the women and depends on the horse talent? To help the world, Luo Suwei is in the mind, and to cut off the achievements of the Yi people. The Buddha dream in the sky is cool, and the wind in the four fields is domineering. I'm sorry that E-Mei gave birth to a small painting. Where can Zhuang Huai get rid of the dust? "

Qiu Fengjia, a famous poet, admires his famous poems and articles. The third poem in his collection of Shigu Xiangge, a fairy named Ye Wan, says: "the powder is crisp, the meaning is new, the plum water is dissolved, and the spirit is abundant. Tonghua Pavilion outside the word on the pen, but also send boudoir as a substitute

Huang Zunxian wrote a preface to Ye Bihua's poetry anthology, saying: "his poems are clear, graceful, elegant and profound, which are only seen in Gu Nu Liu."

Ye Bihua wrote many poems in his life. Before his death, he compiled two volumes of guxiangge Poetry Anthology (now there are only one volume, 239 poems in total, almost all of them are seven words, quatrains are the main, followed by Qilu, Qigu and Wugu are very few), and wrote "preface" in 1893. Because of Ye Bihua's outstanding poetic talent, people call her fan Tixiang, the author of huabiji, and Li Yuzhen, the author of huxianglou poetry anthology

Three female poets in modern Lingdong

.

Communication with Huang Zunxian

Ye Bihua's father is Ju Ren. His husband's family is more scholarly. He was a Jinshi and an academician in his family, and once served as a political scholar in Guangxi. Although his husband Li Rongfang failed repeatedly, he was also a famous scholar in the city. This kind of family education makes her intelligent and profound, especially good at poetry. In a word, this poetess of Jiaying prefecture (now Meizhou) and Huang Zunxian, a famous poet in the same city, have both kinship and confidant feelings.

Huang Zunxian's mother, the Wu family, is the marriage introducer of Ye Bihua. His wife, ye, is Ye Bihua's cousin.

After ye Bihua's collection of ancient Xiangge poems was compiled, Huang Zunxian also wrote a preface for it, which said: "Ms. Runsheng, the daughter of Mr. Xichu, is a sister of Yu neizi and has been buried in Li for a long time. Li is a famous family. He is connected with the Yu family and lives in the same neighborhood. After fifteen or sixteen years, I heard about his poems, arrested his envoys overseas, returned to America, and read his collection of ancient Xiangge poems. His poems are elegant, graceful and profound, which is the only one seen in Gu Nu Liu. " The two people are respectful to each other, and the narration is graceful.

In the collection of guxiangge poems, there are also poems chanting and Huang Zunxian's works. They have a deep understanding of the characteristics of Huang's poems and the world saved, as well as Zhong Ziqi's elegant feeling of listening to the music of Qin.

Selected Poems

Lotus picking music

Moving boats across Hengtang at dawn, red dyed Luoyi, green dyed clothes.

And a few branches to stop mining, but good left lake side with mandarin duck.

Banqiao West is Nong's home, thousands of acres of lotus scattered rosy clouds.

Plain hand fold three or two, visitors do not miss Huanxi yarn.

Lotus leaves inserted sparse awning, handle fragrance attack the evening wind.

When the short boat comes back, the red sunset, the wave heart who sings poor Nong.

In the boudoir

At the beginning of autumn, Jingwu's flowing shadow is clear.

A full moon is released from the gate of Jian, giving the world a chance to read.

Get up early in spring

Morning make-up right away, leaning on the fence slanting, Qiqiao light cold through blue yarn.

Suddenly listen to the double maid curtain external news, small garden open to Begonia flower.

Guxiang Pavilion

One corner of the house is small and suitable, and the poem bag and sword case are the main wealth of the family.

Luo leads the cottage to stay in the cloud, and the lute strikes the flower terrace to stay late in the month.

Liang Zibiao leaves in the lower part of the book forest, calling on the children to mend the bamboo fence.

Leisure and wine, the origin of the world like chess.

Spring boudoir

The pear garden is late in the morning, and the mirror is newly opened.

Shi Dai is ashamed to teach her husband something, but only Arnon knows it.

The screen window just finished embroidering mandarin duck, the flower covers the appendix dry, the noon dream is cool.

Suddenly hear parrot curtain outside call, golden stove add Hainan fragrance.

Luo size deep Ying Xi Hui, bear cold alone single clothes.

Xianglian does not put the golden hook to wait for the swallow to return.

The trace of the moon is like a pearl curtain soaked in water. The long night is far away and the jade leaks late.

This evening, however, I have a good dream. I'll beat Yinger from the branch first.

He Lansun's new marriage

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