Yan Yu
Yan Yu
Yan Yu is a poetic theorist and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The word Danqiu, the word Yiqing, since the number Canglang Fuke, world known as Yan Canglang. Juxi, Shaowu (now Yanfang village, nakou Town, Shaowu City, Fujian Province). The date of birth and death is unknown. According to his poems, he mainly lived during the reign of LiZong and was still alive when duzong ascended the throne. In his early years, he studied under Bao Hui, a professor of Guangze studies in Linxian County. Bao Yang, the father of Bao Hui, was once studied by Zhu Xi. Most of them lived in seclusion in their hometown. They were as famous as Yan Ren and Yan Shen, and they were called "three stricts"; they were also called "nine stricts" with eight people, such as Yan Yan and Yan Shen.
Yan Yu's poetry emphasizes Han, Wei and Tang Dynasties, and calls for learning from ancient times. His Canglang Shihua is well-known in the world, and is known as the first person of Shihua in song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. His Canglang Shihua also influenced the famous literary critic Gao Yao in Ming Dynasty and the former and later seven scholars in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. He also wrote a collection of poems Canglang yinjuan.
brief account of the author's life
Yan Yu was born between 1192 and 1197, which was the time when Han kuozhou failed in the Northern Expedition and Song Dynasty humiliated Jin Dynasty to seek peace. The year of his death was about 1241-1245, only 30 years after the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty in 1279.
In 1213, Yan Yu left his hometown Shaowu, Fujian Province, and went to study under Bao Yang, the father of Bao Hui in Nancheng, Jiangxi Province. Bao Yang is a well-known local old Confucian. He was studied by Lu Jiuyuan and Zhu Xi successively, and was in accordance with Lu men's "study of heart". At that time, Bao Yang was already a rare man. Three years later, he died. Yan Yu left his school and began a seven-year journey. When I was in Jiangxi, I was recommended by friends to enter the shogunate. I mainly worked as a desk clerk, but it was not reused. So I resigned after only one year, and traveled to Hunan, Hunan Changsha, Hengyang, Dongting and other places. When he was in Dongting, Hunan Province, Yan Yu once entered the barracks shogunate. He was still engaged in clerical work and was not reused. Deeply depressed and frustrated, Yan Yu left his post again and wandered to Linchuan, Jiangxi Province, where he made friends.
In 1223, Yan Yu returned to his hometown from Linchuan, Jiangxi Province.
In December 1229, a peasant uprising led by Yan mengbiao took place in luting Prefecture, Fujian Province. They soon captured the counties of Tingzhou, Shao Wujun and Nanjian Prefecture. Yan Yu, who was nearly middle-aged, was forced to stay away from home and wander in Xunyang and Nanchang of Jiangxi Province for nearly three years.
At the end of winter in 1230, Yan Yu returned home for the second time.
In the fifth year of shaoding (1232), Dai fugu, a famous poet of the Jianghu school, was appointed as the professor of Shaowu Fu Xue. The activities of Shaowu young talents represented by Yan Yu became more active. Yan Yu and Li Youshan also formed friendship with Dai fugu. Dai Fugu's poem "Zhu Eryan" says: "I got Yan can the year before last and Yan Yu this year. I'm proud to be strict, Niu duo and Zhong Lv Feather is also high, refused to do the imperial examination, elegant and Sao some, experience in the heart. If you hold too high a wound, you will be at odds with the world. If you sing a long song, you will be inspired by the old style and stand on your own
In the first year of Jiaxi (1237), Dai Fugu returned to Taizhou. Before he left, he wrote farewell to the old friends of Shaowu (Shi Ping Shi Ji), while Yan Yu wrote song of sending Dai Shi back to Tiantai Mountain. In the spring of the second year, Yan Yu left home for the third time and traveled to Wuyue. During his tour, he visited Wuzhong (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province), Lin'an (now Hangzhou), Qiantang and Tonglu (now near Hangzhou), and Guabu town (now Liuhe County, Jiangsu Province).
At the end of spring in the third year of Jiaxi (1239), Yan Yuke lived in Guabu town (now Liuhe, Jiangsu Province). The north of Guabu was the battlefield of confrontation between Song Dynasty and Mongolia. Yan Yu finds his cousin Wu Ling here and gives him a copy of his manuscript on poetry. After that, he came to Nanchang, where Zhang Nanqing, a friend of Nanchang as an official, had to stay. Yan Yu lived in Nanchang for more than a year.
At the end of the winter in the fourth year of Jiaxi (1240), he returned to his hometown and began to live in seclusion gradually. He lived in seclusion in the suburbs first, and later moved to a quiet and beautiful place in Dongtan mountain outside Shaowu City. His house is a typical hermit's villa. He seldom drinks throughout the year, and his friends visit him, and he only treats him with tea.
In the autumn of 1245, his good friend Shangguan Liangshi visited him in his seclusion. According to the legend of the elders in the Qing Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang guarded Nanping in the late Southern Song Dynasty, and Yan Yu left home to join the army with his old age. After the complete failure of the anti yuan war, he adhered to the creed of "husband, son, wealth and other floating clouds, look at the integrity", refused to surrender to the Yuan people, avoided the people, and did not know where to end up.
The information about Yan Yu's life is very limited, only Shaowu Fu Zhi compiled in Hongzhi and Jiajing years of Ming Dynasty and Qianlong years of Qing Dynasty, Shaowu County Zhi published in Xianfeng years of Qing Dynasty, min Shu compiled by he Qiaoyuan of Ming Dynasty, Yan Yu Zhuan written by Zhu Xia of Qing Dynasty and Fujian Tongzhi compiled by Chen Yan of modern times.
literature
When Yan Yu teaches people to learn poetry, he must be familiar with the songs of Chu and even the works of famous poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He opposes Su Shi's and Huang Tingjian's poetic style and calls it a work of poetry. He is "sorry for one song and three sighs". At the same time, he criticizes the four spirits school and the river lake school. Although he lived in the last years of the Southern Song Dynasty, he never became an official and lived in seclusion in his hometown. However, when the yuan army invaded and the country was in danger, he was still concerned about current affairs. His patriotism was often revealed in his poems, and he was also dissatisfied with the malpractices of the government, such as the northern expedition, the four directions, and the six poems of feelings. Therefore, Dai Fugu said that he "wandered away from the country, worried about the old Du Ling, sad when Chen Zi'ang" (quoted from Zhu Wen's biography of Yan Yu). He imitated Li Bai in his seven character songs. Besides learning Li, he also learned from Du Fu and Wei Yingwu. But the main tendency is that Wang (Wei) and Meng (Haoran) dilute the spirit. His most important achievement lies in his theory of poetry and his book Canglang Shihua. Poetic theorists have always pointed out the gap between the two aspects. "Siku Quanshu Zongmu" says that his creation "aims at Tianbao, but Geshi can't surpass Dali", "he can only imitate Wang Mengyu, but can't pursue Li Du's Grand View".
His poetry collection is named "Mr. Canglang's chanting volume" (or "Canglang's chanting" and "Canglang's collection") and consists of 146 ancient and modern poems. There is a copy of Shaowu Xu's series, qiaochuan's poems. Canglang Shihua is attached to the poetry collection.
The influence of Poetics
Yan Yu ushered in a new era. He inspired the poets of Yuan Dynasty, influenced the literary theory of Ming Dynasty, and deeply influenced the Qing Dynasty and modern times. This is a great honor that no other theorist has ever had.
From a macro point of view, Yan Yu's influence can be divided into two stages: before he died and after he died. Before his death, he was the leader of the poetry club and directly directed a group of literary underachievers, thus forming a poetry school. After his death, his historical role was reflected in his ideological influence. It is in this respect that the essence of a thinker and his contribution to history and civilization are shown.
Canglang Shihua is a very important work of poetic theory. The book is divided into five parts: Poetry differentiation, poetry style, poetry method, poetry review and textual research, with the first part as the core. Yan Yu's poetry is based on its basic nature of "chanting temperament". The book is systematic and theoretical. He discusses the characteristics of image thinking and artistry of poetry. He praises the prosperous Tang Dynasty, advocates that poetry has different styles and tastes, attaches importance to the artistic characteristics of poetry, criticizes the shortcomings of writing, talent and discussion, and is especially dissatisfied with Jiangxi poetry school. He also used Zen to describe poetry and emphasized "wonderful understanding", which had a great influence on poetry criticism in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The biography of Fujian Wenyuan sums up Yan's poetics with the idea of "sweeping away the beautiful thorns and leaving the soul alone".
Canglang Shihua does not deal with the relationship between poetry and Confucianism, and its function in politics and education, but attaches importance to the artistry of poetry and the resulting feelings for people's hearts, which is in opposition to the literary view of Neo Confucianism and is worth noting.
Selected Poems
Poetry
【
An interview with Master Yi Lan Ruo
】
Looking for qinglianyu alone, walking across the white sand beach. A path into the pine snow, the number of peak health dusk cold.
Mountain monks like visitors, and the forest Pavilion is for people to see. After singing, I brush my clothes away, and the sound of the bell is broken.
【
Thoughts on six songs (Part one, part three)
】
Mistakenly likes the remnant Hu to extinguish, that knows suffers longer. HuangYun new Battle Road, Baigu old battlefield.
Bashu cry for years, Jianghuai County sore? Xiangyang roots in the local, looking back on a sad.
Wen Dao Shan Yu Shi has been in the country for many years. Holy pilgrimage, peace and kinship.
In today's Tang Dynasty, there are Jichen in the commune. If we don't guard against the deception of the alliance, we must guard against new vehicles.
【
Linchuan meets the dream of Zheng ya
】
The end of the world ten years endless hate, tears lamp before the words drop. Mingfa is a thousand miles away. Acacia should last a lifetime.
Dongting waves sail late, Yunmeng Jianjia birds go late. When will the world's disordered sound book come to? Guan river is a sad sight.
【
Night view of Wucheng with Shangguan Weichang
】
The ancient battlements of Pingwu are in depression, but the high and dark remains. Jingkou cold smoke crows out, Li Yang autumn geese far away.
Qingjiang long suspected rain, dark Pu wind more to tide. Melancholy at this time frequency extreme eyes, Jiangnan Jiangbei Road far away.
The return of Song Dai style
Tiantai song
】
I heard that the Tiantai Huading is connected with the stone bridge, and the stone bridge is craggy. Under the waves of cangming, there are thousands of twists and turns, on top of which are the marks of the red city.
The peak is hanging and the distance is unpredictable, and there are ancient Fairies in Shiping. He sighs at the chaos and worries about heaven. He is drunk and sobs at Uncle long.
What can I do for tourists? Floating in the eight poles, looking for famous mountains. When I meet under the tree of three flowers, I laugh at my rustling face.
Drink my wine with a jade cup and pay me 500 new poems. Together with the sweat roaming in the sky, we will re discuss the friends of clouds and clouds.
Who are the names of poems in the sea? All the sages vied with each other. The mind is vast and spirited, Xiao Shuang, Huo Ru Dong Ting Li Ze Yue.
When the clouds open in the cold sky, how can life gather and disperse? When you are sad, Yao Hua will give you a farewell. You ride White Deer back to Xianshan.
I am also a boat
Chinese PinYin : Yan Yu
Yan Yu
