Yanwu

Yanwu

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Yanwu (726-765), the word Jiying. Huayin, Huazhou (now Huayin, Shaanxi) people. In the middle of Tang Dynasty, he was the son of Yan Ting, Minister and poet of Zhongshu.

At the beginning of Yan Wu's reign, he joined the army for his father yindiao, and served as a censor in the palace. After the Anshi rebellion, he went to Sichuan with Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, and then went to Lingwu to serve as a minister. In the next year, he served as the governor of mianzhou, moved to Dongchuan, and became king Zhaoyin. In the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (761), he served as the chieftain envoy of Jiannan against Tubo. In the first year of Baoying's reign (762), he became a guest of the crown prince and a doctor of the censor. Soon afterwards, he went back to zhenjiannan and broke down Tubo several times, making a few hundred miles of territory. He was awarded the title of Duke of Zheng. In the first year of Yongtai (765), Yan Wu died of severe illness in Chengdu at the age of 40. He was presented to the minister Zuo pushe.

Although Yan Wu is a martial artist, he can also write poems. He was friendly with the poet Du Fu, and often sang in poems. Six of his poems are recorded in Quan Tang Shi.

Life of the characters

Yan Wu's father was the Minister of Zhongshu, Yan Tingzhi, a famous prime minister at that time. "The old book of the Tang Dynasty" says that Yanwu "has a strong air and is sensitive to seeing and hearing. When you are young, you have a tendency to be an adult. You don't study the essence of a book, you just dabble in it. " When he was 20 years old, he was transferred to Taiyuan to join the military, and later he was appointed judge by GE Shuhan, the governor of Longyou.

After the an Shi rebellion, Yanwu followed Prince Li Heng to the west, and Li Heng ascended the throne in Lingwu, that is, Emperor suzong of Tang Dynasty. After that, we drove to Fengxiang and Chang'an. Zhide two years (757), Ren to the matter. The next year, he served as the governor of mianzhou and moved to Dongchuan. Soon he was transferred back to Beijing to serve as censor and jingzhaoyin.

In December of the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (761), he was appointed as the official of the Chengdu government, the official of the imperial censor, and the governor of Jiannan. At that time, in order to deal with Tubo, the Tang Dynasty combined with Jiannan, Dongchuan and Xichuan, and integrated the support, Yingtian, Zhaozhao and JINGLUE into one.

In April of the first year of Baoying (762), Tang Xuanzong and Tang suzong died one after another 14 days later. In July, Yanwu was called back to Beijing as a guest of the crown prince, and moved to Beijing as Zhaoyin and imperial historian. In fact, he was ordered to serve as a bridge envoy to supervise the construction of the tombs of Xuanzong and suzong.

Yan Wu's return to Chang'an was not smooth. As soon as he left Chengdu, Sichuan was in chaos. Jiannan soldiers and horses make Xu know that he colludes with Qiongzhou soldiers to occupy Xichuan and guard Jiange. The road leading to Chang'an, the capital, is blocked and can't move forward. It was not until August, when Xu knew that he was in conflict with the soldiers and was killed by the general, that the rebellion was put down.

After returning to the capital, Yan Wu had great courage and made contributions to the construction of the tomb of the second emperor. However, Gao Shi, who succeeded him as Yin of Chengdu, was unable to manage Shu. Tubo's accomplice captured Longyou and made his way to Chang'an. Songzhou, Weizhou, Baozhou and other places in the northwest of Shu county were surrounded and finally fell. The imperial court ordered Yan Wu to be the governor of yin and Jiannan in Chengdu, and he entered Sichuan for the third time in the beginning of the second year of Guangde.

In July of the second year of Guangde (764), Yanwu led his troops to the West. In September, more than 70000 Tibetans were defeated, and danggou city (southwest of Lixian County, Sichuan Province) was won. In October, Yanchuan city was won. At the same time, Cui Xiang (later renamed Cui Ning), an assassin of Hanchuan, was sent to pursue Tubo in Xishan Mountain. He established his territory for hundreds of miles and cooperated with Guo Ziyi in Qinlong area. Finally, he repelled the invasion of Tubo and defended the southwest frontier.

In the first year of Yongtai (765), Yan Wu suddenly fell ill and died in Chengdu at the age of 40. Pursue and present to the minister Zuo pushe.

Historical evaluation

Liu Xu: it's against the mother's instructions if you don't report to your father. If you're a son, you can't give up! Although there are Zhou and Kong's talents, they are not enough to be called Kuang Dafu! ② Wu is a scholar and Zhen is a pure minister.

Wang Yuanliang: Shushan is suddenly connected with Qingtian, and Zhenggong's former residence is connected with the city. The ancient trees mourn the Yellow birds, and the desert smoke cries for the cuckoos. After dancing, I left my mother of pearl in front of the flowing water. The general is good at martial arts and good at writing and ink, so it is not necessary to worry about separatist rule.

Main works

On the way to the battle, Yan Wu wrote down the poem "early autumn in the military city" which describes the war: "last night, the autumn wind entered the Han pass, and the moon filled the western mountains by the new moon. More urge the flying general to pursue the arrogant, don't send the horse back to the battlefield. " In fact, the top two in the poem allude to the situation that the enemy has invaded the border. The last two sentences show the general demeanor of the poet, and express his belief of winning a complete victory. Du Fu once praised Yan Shi and said, "the poem is clear and the meaning is new.".

Anecdotes and allusions

With Du Fu

In fact, Yanwu had a very close relationship with Du Fu. For example, in April of the first year of Baoying, suzong died and Daizong ascended the throne. In June, he called Yanwu into the court, and Du Fu sent off his poem "four rhymes of sending Yangong to Fengji post". In Chengdu, he came to see Du Fu with his servants, wine and meat. Du Fu wrote that "the kitchen in the bamboo washes the jade plate, and the flowers immediately cluster with gold saddles."

When Yan Wu invited Du Fu to be his aide, he wrote: "don't rely on the parrot Fu. Why don't you wear the crown of a bird?" Allusions are used here. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Li Heng, a poet of Ci and Fu, was quick in writing and thought. He once improvised "Fu on parrot" and wrote it at a stroke. With the story of Li Heng, Yan Wu advised Du Fu not to rely solely on his literary talent, but to take the road of being an official, striving to serve the emperor and give full play to his talent. Du Fu wrote Yan Zhongcheng's poem: "the boat is not only like Zhang Han, but also like Guan Ning." Zhang Han (born in the Jin Dynasty, named Ji Ying, met the stranger he Sikong (Xun) and talked about speculation. Without telling his family, he boarded his ship and went to Luoyang with him). Guan Ning (Gao Shi, also known as You'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, crossed the sea at the end of Emperor Ling to avoid chaos. He often wore a soap cap, a cloth skirt, and sat on a wooden couch. He lived in seclusion for many years, but he couldn't get out many times. He was called a sage in the world.) Politely declined, that is to say, my whereabouts are uncertain. I should be as free as Zhang Han and live in seclusion rather than chaos. Skillfully using allusions to express their feelings, the implied meaning is wonderful.

When Du Fu lived in Chengdu, Yan Wu urged him to become an official several times, but Du Fu declined politely. Later, because of his sincerity, friendship is difficult, into the Yanwu shogunate as a member of the inspection department of foreign Lang, it is also known as the Department of Du.

Since then, they had frequent exchanges in their poems, and Yan Wu became another bosom friend of Du Fu besides Li Bai and Gao Shi. Yan Wu called Du Fu "Du Er".

Forthright and strong

In the new book of the Tang Dynasty, it is said: "the word" Wu "is Ji Ying. You are bold and forthright. Pei's mother was not allowed by Ting, but her concubine Ying. At the age of eight, Wu Shi asked his mother about his mother tongue. Wu Fen ran to iron cone on the British bed, broken its first. Left and right Jing Bai Ting said: Lang Xi killed Ying. Wu Ci said: if an you're a minister with a concubine but a wife, it's not a drama to kill his son. Father Qizhi said, "son of zhenyanting!" Yanwu's personality is terrifying.

Yan Wu steals concubine

Yan Wu, a young chivalrous, taste in the capital and a military envoy neighbors. The military envoy has a roommate and looks gorgeous. Yan Gong bribed him and lured him to his house. More than a month later, the tunnel was stolen to escape. East pass, will be hidden in huaisi. The military envoys were aware of the fact that they were poor in their tracks, and they were quick on their families. They were violent in lawsuits, and they also heard about it. There is an imperial edict to send Wannian county's thief arresting officers to capture them. If you catch a thief, you'll have to travel several times a day to get his trace. Yan Wu hired a boat from Gong county. When he heard that the imperial envoy was coming, he could not help but drink wine to the daughter of the military envoy. At night, she took advantage of her drunkenness, hanged her and sank into the river. There is no trace of the arrest of Yan Gong's ship. Later, Yan Gong was the governor of Xichuan in Jiannan, and he was very ill. He is strong in nature, but he doesn't believe in witchcraft. One day, a Taoist came to yamen from Mount Emei to pay homage to Wu. At the beginning, they dare not speak. The Taoist's voice is fierce, and he has no choice but to be white. The introduction of martial arts is also different.

If you see the Taoist's chiding at the highest level, it will take a long time for you to discuss with others. When the cold and warm were over, the predicate said: "public disease, disaster is very serious. When the enemy is on the side, why don't the public repent and thank him with incense. How can we resist obstinacy? " Wu Nu, no answer. Taoist also said: "the public try to think about it, have you ever killed people with a heart?" Wu Jing thought for a long time and said, "nothing." The Taoist said, "when you go to the front of the steps, the unjust dead will complain. At the beginning, a man was called mountain spirit and wood spirit, and he was in trouble with the public. He scolded him and said, "God has a destiny to kill people unjustly for the public. I have to ask him to do so. Is Ann speechless Wu unexpected, and asked: "what is the state?" She said, "a woman is only sixteen or seventeen years old. There is something on her neck, which is like a string of musical instruments." Wu Dawu kowtowed to the Taoist and said, "the Heavenly Master is a saint! Yes. What can I do for it? " The Taoist said, "he wants to see the public face to face, and the public asks for it." But he ordered him to take away the remains and burn incense in the hall. It is in the hall door, send pure heart, with shirt Wat, leave a little boy to serve side. In the east of the hall door, there is an attic which also makes people sweep the curtain. The Taoist sat outside the hall, splashing water and sprinkling willow branches on the ground, but he sat down and kowtowed in his eyes. There is a cry in the pavilion. The Taoist said, "lady can come out." For a long time, I saw a woman hair, Pipa string on the neck, knot in the throat, clean curtain and come. And the door of the hall, about after, to Wu worship. When Wu saw it, he was very surprised and ashamed, and covered his face. The woman said, "the Duke is too patient! A certain person's obedience to the public is a certain person's misbehavior, but he has nothing to do with the public. If the public is afraid of sin, just abandon him. How can he bear to kill him? " Wu repented for a long time, and he also wanted to use the Sutra paper to pray for forgiveness. Taoist also sincerely asked for it.

The woman said, "no! A public hand to kill, appeal to the emperor, only 30 years. We can't do it today. We'll do it tomorrow At the end of the speech, but out, to the attic door, but did not brush. Thank you, Taoist. Yan Gong tunnel handled his family affairs and died at dusk.

Historical records

The old book of the Tang Dynasty volume 117 biography 67

New book of the Tang Dynasty volume 129 biography 54

Chinese PinYin : Yan Wu