Zhuo Fazhi

Zhuo Fazhi

Zhuo Fazhi was a famous writer and painter in Ming Dynasty. He has been well educated since childhood, and has made friends with many celebrities of that year. Zhuo Fazhi has a high literary reputation in poetry and prose, and has deep attainments in literati Ci, rural folk songs and folk dramas.

Personal resume

Zhuo FA is good at painting. Yin Hua Shi Yi.

Life of the characters

Most people may not know that Zhuo Renyue's progressive literary thought and outstanding literary talent were influenced by his family studies. For example, his father Zhuo Fazhi, who mistakenly collected the complete Qing Ci, was also a well-known scholar in Jiangnan literary circle in the late Ming Dynasty.

Other personal information

Zhuo Fazhi, with the name of zuoche and the name of lianxun, wandered around the imperial examination field all his life and only got the honor of vice Gong. He made friends with Tang Xianzu, Dong Qichang, Gu Xiancheng, Gao Panlong, Qian Qianyi, Jiao h ó ng @ ④, Chen Jiru, Yuan Hongdao, yuan Zhongdao, Zhong Xing, Tan Yuanchun, Shi Zibai, Han Shan and many other famous literati and fushe figures in the late Ming Dynasty, and wrote shuiyifang Shicao, Gouli Ji and Jinwen Line, Jing Shi Lue, etc. Because he was amphibious in Renhe Tangqi and Nanjing Qingliangshan, Volume 3 of Ruan Yuan's "two Zhejiang y ó u @ 5 xuanlu" and Volume 22 of Chen zuolin's "Jinling tongzhuan" are included. Although the twenty-five volumes of the Chongzhen edition of the collection of Gouli (including six volumes of poems) and the one volume of the sequel were banned and destroyed during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, they still exist in the National Library.

personal works

Compared with his predecessor Zhuo Mingqing, Zhuo Fazhi's poetry creation, relying on the life experience of Kan @ 6 Qu Jian, the keen insight of learning Buddhism and Zen, as well as the extensive involvement and profound attainments of ancient culture, further broke away from the fog of the literary world and formed his own unique style, which was praised by Tang Xianzu and other celebrities as "Jiangzuo Wolong" and "moling Zhushu" (ye can's "Douli") Set order). Li Weizhen commented: "all the people who have been praying for their bodies in the world have been spurned by Lian Xun. They think that Weng Zhong, Fang Xiang and e Guan have no deities. They are the spirit of modern times, and Lian Xun refers to Haiyou, a dwarf in CI. Today, when I read the collection of Gouli, I am naive, romantic and unsophisticated. For example, the Han mountain is popular. You can take off your hat and expose your top, spread out your chest, and be a sage in the world. You can also drive the elephant king's chariot and sit in the Taoist temple in Leo. Is it the hero of the world Fan Liangshu also said: "in the Guochao Dynasty, the Wangs and Li families did not show their heart and bones, but they wanted to get rid of the early prosperity of Kuaiji and Gongan, and they hated the song and Yuan Dynasties. All the things in Jiangnan written by ruolian Xun express their feelings directly. They are like autumn clouds and flowing water. They can be regarded as the most literati, and they are on the altar of the author. " Dong Qichang praises the achievements of his poems: "after reading the five character poem of lianxun, the peaks and mountains are towering, the bony skills are increasing, the exotic flowers and flowers are growing, the rocks are like moss on the stone, the breath is covered, the Su Li is smelted, and the light is shining, the divine front is exposed alone; in the ancient seven character poem, people used Mulan, the ancestor of the chariot of Shaoling, and Shu Dao, the relegated immortal, to reprimand Qu Song Dynasty for imitating lianxun, which is just like the river The sea cross current, Qi Ji fury, drive Bai Liang Zhuzi and CUDA it, if Han Gao reversed hero also; five character law There are idle and cool people, quiet and gorgeous people, lofty people, magnificent people, and old people's brushwork is like two people talking to each other; the seven character rhythm is like Sanskrit calligraphy and bamboo slips, which does not fall into the essence of the world. Every time it is completed in one breath, it covers the present and ancient times. The Yellow Crane Tower and yujintang, which were pushed by people in the past, are its winning fields, such as the lotus in the early days, the sky is clear and pure, and it is also like the bamboo that can be painted, with a potential of thousands of miles within a short distance In the vast expanse of the five words, I am in a state of decadence, like the autumn flowers blooming in the mountain, like the swans flying in the sky, with the gorgeous words of Qi Liang and the charm of Wangchuan.... " (the first volume of "the collection of percolation fence" is "the general introduction of reading" the collection of percolation fence "). For example, the criticism of the eight part essay and the imperial examination system did not give way to the later Pu Songling and Wu Jingzi. It is said in the preface to Zhong xiaotianwen, Volume 10 of the collection of Gouli that "heroes often act in the same way as their forefathers, but those who rise after the passage of time win this, which is ridiculous. In memory of Ji you and Geng Xu, I was pleased by the writings of (Chen) great scholar, (AI) QIANZI Over the past 20 years, all the remaining Li have been promoted to the top of the list. It's not unusual to be awarded the title of a virtuous person, or even to be regarded as the first in the world. It's a first-rate person who goes to other people's lives to earn a living. " "Preface to Zhang laichu's travel volume" also says: "the distinction between elegance and vulgarity in the world can be divided into Yu or se, which means the clear singing of Yuxiao; it can be a domestic chicken or a wild duck, which means the high Qian of Luanhe. But I only worry about not selling it, and I doubt the lack of true articles to satisfy the false eyes and ears The fake seller is nineteen, and the one who admires the smell and pursues the stink will make the world prosperous. " Volume 11 "preface to shiyinjun's 80th birthday" also says: "since the country selected scholars by virtue of classics and arts, it is not enough to have self-respect for the world, but it is considered mediocre when it comes to the two lists. However, among mediocre people, there are often people who are quite different from those who often flow, and most of them are those who are submissive, fish, deer and deer Volume 10 "preface to Ge Ge Cao" says: "in this dynasty, the learning of sages and Kings is expected to be that of craftsmen. The craftsmen use craftsmen to make Xiaohan people. If they want to be virtuous and virtuous, they should take the side seat instead of the virtuous and virtuous; if they want to resist the thief, they should take the side leg and seek the good shepherd The name of this subject is inferior to that of Bagu. " The preface to Ye Sicheng's biography in the same volume is more outspoken and incisive, which reveals the selfish and sinister intention of the supreme ruler to choose a scholar by means of Eight Legged craftsmanship and its serious consequences: "the country holds the world's heroes within three inches, and also holds the words of the classics family, taking those who are useless, taking away their Qi and weakening their bones, so as to express the meaning of cutting edge and releasing horses and oxen! But once something happens, it will be in the hands of Jingsheng. " The historical facts of the Ming Dynasty's demise finally fully verified Zhuo Fazhi's prediction.

Achievements and honors

The reason why Zhuo Fazhi's poetry creation can achieve relatively high success lies in his strong subjective consciousness and progressive view of literary development. Try from the cloud "young writing is not willing to favor the trend, every in the pen and ink, their own mind", "more tired of everything not everything" (Volume 10 "Jingyi five preface"). The author thinks that "the purpose of a poet is not in the place where there are words, but in the place where there are no words, such as the light of mountains, the state of water, the rhyme of flowers, the skin in the heat and cold, and the cloud in the cave. Therefore, there are very few touching poems, which can hardly be reached by thinking." "when we look at all the poems, we often discard the form and use the spirit, all of which are living sentences, and there is no fixed method." "after the Han and Song Dynasties, we used the fixed method to identify with people It criticizes that "the state and the imperial court are integrated by the system and the system, and after Zhenze and piling, the elegant and elegant method is nothing but learning from Mr. Yi's words, squatting in the middle like an ape cage bird" (preface to Chizhai poetry in the same volume). It is asserted that "if the ancient literati are good at Carving Dragons and tigers, they must have the skill of carving gold and jade, and they have to follow the generations of the past and the present, so the Tang and Song dynasties are not as good as the Han Dynasty, and the Han Dynasty is not as good as the Zhou Dynasty" (the same volume of the preface to the recent work of juanyuan). This is not only an important background figure to understand Zhuo Renyue's literary activities, but also a figure that can not be ignored in the literary history, ideological history and criticism history of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Unfortunately, it is rarely mentioned in any relevant works and dictionaries (including the dictionary of names of past dynasties).

Social evaluation

The year of his birth, the second volume of Zhuo's posthumous letter "family biography" contains: "Fazhi, the word zuoche, was born on August 18 of Dinghai in Wanli." In the year of his death, the Ming Dynasty Chongzhen Chuanjing Tang printed edition, Zhuo FA's 25 volumes of "the collection of Gouli", followed by a volume of "the collection of Gouli", the title of the volume is: "written by Wuyin." At the end of the volume is attached the article "the case of returning to the west of lianxun", which records that Zhuo FA's specific time of death is August 16, Wuyin, the 10th year of Chongzhen. Thus, Zhuo Fazhi's birth and death years are 1587-1638. Zhuo Renyue inherited Yuan Hongdao's spirit of being the master of poetry since Wanli. He opposed the affectation and imitation of the ancients by the former and the latter seven poets, and made unremitting exploration to find his own unique style. As the saying goes: "I say that where love is near, his poems are the most true. There is no one who does not distort what kind of language he intends to use and why he is equal. Nowadays, people are striving for greatness and bravery, which makes people laugh. If there is no amorous feelings but for the Yan language, no Cen Qi and cut Cen Qi chapter, its disease tired. I'm just being frank. " (Xu Zhuoheng's song quotation, Volume 2 of Chantai collection, published in the 10th year of Chongzhen) it says: "at the beginning of my study, I liked the hollow structure of changgu, which was very dangerous and astringent. However, the Qi puppet in my throat was constricted and could not be extended, such as the contracture of pine and cypress. Therefore, he poured it from Taibai's wine cup; even though it was bitter, it was unrestrained and difficult to control, and the color of gallantry was exposed in his brow, but it was not light and comfortable. So he pretended to be in Wangchuan and Pengze to calm his temperament; Gu could not bear his loneliness for a long time, but his beautiful thoughts did not know why he moved. And his husband was reckless and flat, and he gradually felt intimate with things, so he had to regard Qi Liang as the ancestor of love and beauty. However, he was still in the state of Xianmi, so he could not avoid the habit of offering dowry to Jin Quan. If you feel ashamed and want to return to the profundity and profundity, you will feel that you have not been able to catch the person who has entered with Zi Meigong. Even if you have not been able to catch him, you still think that this kind of good is the best. " (ditto to preface to mangrove poems) while maintaining the literary reputation of Zhuo's Changji poetry, Zhuo Renyue also made new breakthroughs in literati Ci, folk songs and folk dramas. The extraordinary talents of Zhuo's short life became a common topic of discussion among scholars before the end of Ming Dynasty.

Chinese PinYin : Zhuo Fa Zhi