Huang Gongfu

Huang Gongfu

Huang Gongfu (1576-1659), whose name is Zhenxi and the other name is Chunpu, was born in Duruan township of Xinhui (now Pengjiang district, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province). He was an official of the Ming Dynasty and the leader of the anti Qing rebel army of the new Ming Dynasty. Wanli 44 years (1616) Jinshi. When he was the magistrate of Pucheng County, Fujian Province, he was transferred to the supervisory censor of Shanxi road in Nanjing. Later, he was ordered to patrol and press Xiajiang. He also had political achievements. Yi Shu impeached Wei Zhongxian, the eunuch, and was dismissed and returned to his hometown. In the Chongzhen Dynasty, he was appointed as the political secretary of Huguang to participate in the deliberation and politics. He was appointed to guard Baoqing of Hunan Province and was ordered to fight against the "Yao rebellion" in Western and southern Hunan. In the last years of Chongzhen, he left home to take care of his illness. After the death of the Ming Dynasty, Gongfu and Wang Xing set up an army to fight against the Qing Dynasty. Later, they were trapped and would rather die than surrender. In 1659, they set themselves on fire in Wen village, Xinning (now Taishan). He is the author of Beiyan rock collection.

Life of the characters

Ups and downs of officialdom

In 1576, Huang Gongfu was born in Du Ruan, Xinhui. At the age of 36, he won the mid-term examination. At the age of 40, he was a Jinshi in the examination. He once served as Yin (county magistrate) of Pucheng County and Putian County in Fuzhou. He was welcomed by the people for his light punishment and light taxation. In the second year of Tianqi (1622), Huang Gongfu was promoted to the post of censor of Shanxi road in Nanjing. At that time, Wei Zhongxian, the eunuch, had the exclusive power to hunt and kill Donglin Party members. Huang Gongfu impeached Wei Zhongxian and accused him of 24 counts. His words were fierce, but he was falsely accused of conspiracy by Wei Zhongxian. In 1625, Huang Gongfu was dismissed and returned to his hometown.

In 1628, Emperor Sizong ascended the throne and killed Wei Zhongxian. Huang Gongfu was rehabilitated. Huang Gongfu, who had lived in Du Ruan for nine years in the seventh year of Chongzhen reign (1634), was promoted to the post of political secretary of Huguang, who visited Hubei Province. Later, Huguang took part in politics, guarding Baoqing, Hunan Province, and also serving as a soldier, who ruled Changsha. During this period, he was awarded by the imperial court for his meritorious service in suppressing the "Yao rebellion" in Western Hunan for many times, and was promoted to the rank of official censor. In 1643, at the age of 67, Huang Gongfu returned to his hometown and returned to Du Ruan.

Resisting Qing Dynasty and restoring soil

Chongzhen 16 years (1643) retired home. The following year, the peasant uprising army captured Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself, and then the Qing army entered the pass. Hearing the news, Huang Gongfu was filled with grief and indignation. In the poem "Jiashen Jiangmen watching the race", he chanted the sentence "who is zuti in the middle of the boat", which reflects his strong national integrity and his desire to lead his troops to recover the central plains like zuti.

In the second year of Longwu (1646), Emperor Longwu of the Ming Dynasty was captured and killed by the Qing soldiers; Zhu Youlang, the king of GUI (formerly Yongming king), was located in Zhaoqing, known as emperor Yongli

Zhu Yuxuan

He also ascended the throne in Guangzhou, known as emperor Shaowu. But in the face of the enemy, they fought with each other, and even the Qing army captured Guangzhou. Emperor Shaowu committed suicide and died, and Emperor Yongli ran West. There are many volunteers in Guangdong. Huang Gongfu and Wang Xing set up a new army to attack Guangzhou. The following year, all the uprising troops were defeated by the Qing army. Lin Fengao, the county magistrate of Xinhui County, led his troops to Du Ruan chishi to search for Huang Gongfu, but he was killed by the rebels. Later, Huang Gongfu defected to Emperor Yongli and successively served as Shaoqing of Taipusi, Zuo Tongzheng of general affairs department, daijingyan, Zuo Shilang of Ministry of punishment, Shushi, etc. When he was beside Yongli emperor, his second son Huang Duyu died in Xunzhou to defend Yongli emperor.

In 1650, Yongli emperor was ordered to stay in Sanshui county with Li Yuanyin and Ma Jixiang, and was defeated. Yongli emperor went west to Nanning, and Gongfu retreated into the mountains with yu'e and Wang Xing.

In 1654, Li Dingguo, king of the Jin Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, led his army to the east of Guangdong Province. Sun Huangque, the eldest of Gongfu, was appointed as the supervisor of the army and joined Wang Xing's troops to attack Xinhui City. Without victory, the king's army withdrew. Huang Gongfu and Wang Xingfeng, the king of the Tang Dynasty, Zhu Yue (Wei), lived in Wencun village of Taishan, where they stored grain, forged equipment and continued to fight against the Qing Dynasty. He once wrote a letter to Wang Zhu of Yanping to organize a water army in Fujian and Guangdong, and sent sun Huangque to Yunnan to make a "wax watch" to Emperor Yongli. He was appointed as the governor of the Ministry of war, the water and land volunteer army. He was given a sword by the Emperor. He was ordered to call the volunteer army together with Zhang Gezhen, the Western Marquis, and Wang Xing, the general of Huben, planned to attack Nanjing from the waterway. When the incident broke out, King Shang Kexi of Pingnan in the Qing Dynasty sent a large army to besiege Wen village.

Self Immolation and martyrdom

On the seventh day of the first month of the 13th year of Yongli (1659), King Pingnan of the Qing Dynasty sent a letter to Gongfu to urge him to surrender. Gongfu wrote "the book of restoring King Pingnan" to express his determination of "better be a broken jade than a broken one". In 1659, the Qing army besieged Wencun village in Taishan. After Zhu yu'e, the king of Tang Dynasty, committed suicide and died, Huang Gongfu and Wang Xing set themselves on fire one after another. They died at the age of 83. According to the genealogy of the Huang family of Du Ruan, "I burned myself in Baihua Village (that is, Wencun village in Taishan, also known as Xiuhua Village), but my bones did not return.". Later, Huang Duyu, the second son of Huang Gongfu, also died in Xunzhou. Huang que, the eldest grandson, died in Guangzhou and was full of martyrs.

Huang Gongfu's tomb

Huang Gongfu's tomb is located on the Pengshan mountain of chishi, Du Ruan Town, Jiangmen, which is the tomb of his clothes. The tomb was built in the Qing Dynasty and rebuilt after the Republic of China. It was built in sand and lime soil. The tomb is in a mountain nest, with V-shaped mountains on both sides, extending forward like the wings of a roc bird. The tombstone is engraved with "the tomb of Da Sima Huang Gongfu". Huang Gongfu's poem "stupid old man first ascended chishiyan" is engraved on the stone wall behind the tomb. On the cliff wall around the tomb, there are cliff stone inscriptions such as "cliff and mountain stand together" and "high mountains and long rivers", and Huang Gong temple is built to sacrifice his loyal deeds. The platform in front of the ancestral temple is open and full of mountains.

There are caves on the mountain, called Beiyan rock. It is said that before emperor Chongzhen hanged himself in the late Ming Dynasty, he sent people to go away with his two sons. When Huang Gongfu's new society set out to fight against the Qing Dynasty, in order to encourage the fighting spirit of the king Qin, he asked the crown prince Zhu Yuwen to hide in the rock, so as to call on loyalty and encourage the fighting spirit of the king Qin. So Beiyan rock is also called taiziyan. There is a prince's pavilion built on the rock. The pavilion is linked with the following words: "the stone is old and the rock is empty. Today, I look forward to the future; the mountain and the water are still left, and I looked North at yaguzhong.". In the north of the pavilion, there is also a stone tablet named "beiyanyan" with "the remains of Mr. Chen Zizhuang and Mr. Huang Gongfu of Da Sima in the Ming Dynasty" under it.

Representative poems

[old man's first visit to chishiyan]

A school of green mountains is like a painting. The mountains are famous for their sheep and stones.

Who is going to chide Chu Ping fairy? It's even more interesting for the residents to come here today.

The place is remote, and the Qin people can't whip it. The yellow rock is quiet, and the legend is handed down.

I'm tired of floating dust for a long time, so I'd like to borrow one area with Shanling.

Chinese PinYin : Huang Gong Fu