Wang Taiji

Wang Taiji

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During the transition of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wang Taiji was a famous scholar and hermit in Jiading.

Basic information

Wang Taiji was born in the 27th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1599). He is now a native of malubang. In the early Ming Dynasty, Wang moved to Jianbang, Southeast of Jiading City, where he worked and studied for generations, and later became a wealthy local family. The Wang family has a good reputation in the local village. Wang Bian, Wang Taiji's grandfather, once paid to build more than ten stone bridges to provide convenience for villagers. In the 36th year of Wanli (1608), Jiading was hit by a flood, and the hungry people were crying for food. Wang Bian took out grain and opened a porridge factory to relieve the victims. He also helped the villagers return the taxes they owed. In order to commend him, the government prepared to award him an official position. Wang Bian declined and said, "I don't want to be an official and make a fortune. Let our descendants be independent." Family has an important influence on Wang Taiji.

Life of the characters

Wang Taiji was smart and studious when he was young, and he was calm and mature. In 1630, the third year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, Wang Taiji, 32, took part in the Jiangnan Rural examination and was elected. In 1643, Wang Taiji and Huang Chunyao from the same county were selected as Jinshi. This year, he was 45. As a rule, scholars can be granted official posts after they have passed the entrance examination. But at this time, the Ming Dynasty was in a precarious situation. After discussing with Huang Chunyao, Wang Taiji decided not to be an official in troubled times and went back to his hometown to study in seclusion.

The next year, Li Zicheng's peasant army invaded Beijing, and the Ming Dynasty was destroyed. Soon after, the Qing army entered the pass, defeated Li Zicheng, and established the Qing Dynasty in Beijing. King Fu, the Ming clan, established a small court of the Southern Ming Dynasty in Nanjing. Knowing the situation at that time, Wang Taiji wrote to Huang Chunyao and put forward the plan of living in seclusion together. Huang Chunyao agreed with Wang Taiji very much. In his letter back to Wang Taiji, he said: "to go to the city and the countryside, though you can't bury your name, you can get it all over. Crown, marriage, funeral, sacrifice, with a deep cloth cloth salute, lifetime known as the former Jinshi. It has nothing to do with the state or county. It's a good idea to go extinct and endure hunger. "

Later, Huang Chunyao was pushed to be the head of the "Jiading Hui Zhen righteous teacher" and could not live in seclusion. He died for resisting the Qing Dynasty, while Wang Taiji kept his promise to live in seclusion. After the death of Ming Dynasty, he almost stayed at home for more than 30 years, continued to study and farm in his hometown, and did not cooperate with the Qing government all his life. In his poem Shuhuai, there is a poem like this: "to be a Jinshi in life, to be a martyr in Jin Dynasty." This is a true portrayal of his heart.

In the east of the city, he has his own garden shouyantang and Donggao, including eryatang, meilou, zhaoxuezhai, yaolan, Hemu, conggui, Gusong, Hanmei and Shouzhu. He often invited poetry friends and held poetry meetings in his garden. Taicang famous poets Wu Meicun and Chen Hu, as well as the county celebrities Su Zhen and Lu Yuanfu often gather in Donggao. Wu Meicun appreciates Wang Taiji's hermit life very much. He once wrote four poems about it. There are some sentences in the poems, such as "Cha Pu Gang tou has cultivated his own land, but he lives better than Jiao Xian", "green bamboo and yellow flowers in a thatched cottage, chaimen moon rises, and deep cultivation of mulberry".

Although living in seclusion at home, Wang Taiji still keeps the feeling of loving people and hometown. In the early years of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, when the county magistrate of Jiading determined the amount of Jiazu grain, he deliberately increased the amount of collection and increased the burden of farmers. Wang Taiji argued with Jiading County Magistrate. The county magistrate was speechless, so he sent someone to present silver to Wang Taiji secretly, which was rejected by Wang Taiji. Once in Wang Taiji's dream, a man of God said to him, "if you dare to fight for the people's strength, accumulate virtue and do good deeds, you will get a great great grandson." The next morning, sure enough, sun's daughter-in-law gave birth to a son, Wang Jingming, who later won the first place in the exam.

In his later years, Wang Taiji loved to associate with Wen Peng's poetry friends. He answered poems with Song Wan, Wu Meicun, Lu Yuanfu, Zhang hongpan, Su Yuan, Yu Huai, sun Zhimi and Hou Han. In the ninth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1670), he attended the "moon poetry meeting" held by Hou Han in Jueyuan.

Wang Taiji attached great importance to the education of his descendants. His eldest son, Wang Linru, was elected at the age of 23, and his second son, Wang Jiru, was also elected. His grandson, Wang Wan, was a Jinshi and a former imperial scholar. His great grandson, Wang Jingming, was the number one scholar. His family, can be called a family of imperial examination and culture.

Works related

Wang Taiji is diligent in writing, and has written complete works of shouyantang, copy of poetry of past dynasties, Guanggu annotation of four books, Yi annotation of Zhouyi, genealogy of Wang's family, bingbao old man collection, etc. At that time, he was said to be "loyal to the monarch and patriotic, and to keep his own way of doing things", "to express and explain his poems clearly, to mark his oddities, to enter the Austria, to be rooted in Du (Fu) and Han (Yu), to go to Wenchang (Zhang Ji) and Zhenyao (Meng Jiao), to cast a hundred families, and to become his own family."

Other information

In 1675, Wang Taiji died in his hometown at the age of 77.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Tai Ji