Wei Xiangshu

Wei Xiangshu

Wei Xiangshu

(1617-1687)

Circumpolar

(a ring stream), No

Yongzhai

, also

Pinus koraiensis

Yuzhou (now Yuxian County, Hebei Province). Before the 32nd year of Kangxi reign of Qing Dynasty, he was a member of Datong Prefecture of Shanxi Province. Jinshi origin, official to the left are censor, Minister of the Ministry of punishment. As an official, Wei dared to tell the truth; as an able minister, he made great contributions to pacify the San Francisco rebellion; as an incorruptible official, he "vowed to give up money" and was willing to be poor; as a scholar, he paid attention to real talents and practical learning.

Later generations summed up his life with the six words of "good man, honest official and Scholar". There are nine volumes of Han Song Tang complete works by Wei Xiangshu.

Life of the characters

Wei Xiangshu was born on September 20, 1617 (October 19). He was a Jinshi in the third year of Shunzhi. He was selected as an imperial scholar of Hanlin Academy. He successively held the posts of gongkegeishizhong, gongkeyougeishizhong, gongkezuoggeishizhong, lidkedugeishizhong, zuojindu Yushi of duchayuan, shuntianfu Yin, Dalisi minister, Hubu Shilang, zuodu Yushi of duchayuan, Shangshu of Xingbu, etc.

Wei Xiangshu, as a speech officer, dared to tell the truth, and took the task of rectifying the discipline as his own duty. He was praised by historians as the most direct minister in the early Qing Dynasty. As an able minister, he made great achievements in calming down the rebellion of San Francisco and rectifying corrupt officials. As an honest official, he vowed to give up money and was willing to be poor. As a scholar, he paid attention to real talents and practical learning. Later generations summed up his life with the six words of "good man, honest official and Scholar". In particular, Wei Xiangshu's thought of straightening out the administration of officials and his upright style played a role in promoting the formation of a happy situation of clean and honest administration of officials during the Kangxi period. Wei Xiangshu had been an official twice for more than 20 years. He wrote more than 100 memorials, all of which were well founded and effective. At that time, he was regarded as a model. Until the reign of Emperor Qianlong, he ordered his officials to "say that officials should write memorials like Wei Xiangshu".

Wei Xiangshu tasted the couplet and said, "deceiving others is like deceiving the heaven. Don't deceive yourself. To be negative to the people is to be negative to the country. How can you bear to be negative?". When he returned to his official career, he was granted the plaque of "hansongtang" by the emperor. After his death in the 25th year of Kangxi, he was named Minguo. There are "hansongtang collection", "hansongtang poetry collection" handed down.

However, some scholars pointed out that although Tang bin, Wei Xiangshu and Wei Yijie were well-known scholars of Song Dynasty, they did not have any systematic research on Song Dynasty. They only relied on Zhu's learning to carry forward the intention of Qing Dynasty and adorned their appearance with great talents.

Historical records

Wei Xiangshu, a native of Weizhou, Shanxi Province, was born in Huanji. In the third year of Shunzhi period, Jinshi was elected to be a good scholar. Four years later, he was given the criminal division to Shizhong. Shuyan: "in the Ming Dynasty, those who did not ban the reform of the great malpractice were too miscellaneous in the official houses of governor, governor, governor, and governor, and those who used to listen to them were too indiscriminate in the official houses of Dao, Fu, Zhou, and Xian. Please be strict and clear." The report is acceptable. Five years, impeachs Anhui governor Wang, receives protects the corrupt official, sits. Transfer engineering right to work. At that time, it was inconvenient for Manchu and Han people to live together, which made the merchants move to Nancheng. Xiangshu said: "the land in the south city is narrow, and the merchants and the people have no houses to rent and buy, and no land to demolish and build. Please inspect the official houses in the lower part of the government so that the people can transfer their money to the bank. " Please revise the meeting ceremony. And the lower part of the Council. 7、 Transfer to the criminal division. In the eighth year of the reign of emperor Shizu, there were some officials who committed the crime of illegally collecting money. They asked the prefectures and counties to make eye books according to the Yi Zhi sheet, indicating the names of households, grain and silver, items, and the amount of relief. They also asked the senior officials to check and print out the levy. They also asked the government to set up the accounting law, and set up the limits of internal and external official affairs, so as to clear the stagnation. Fu Shuyan said: "the holy government is new, and there are many aircraft maintenance holes. It is not the same as in the past that China and foreign countries look forward to peace. When he visited the capital, the assistant minister served as a servant to fulfill his loyalty. If you are lucky far away, you should also admonish zhiluanyu, deputy Baofu It is said that the change of heaven and earth is caused by the abnormality of human beings. Language invasion is especially urgent. In the ninth year, the officials were transferred to the central government. In the past ten years, we have made great plans. We have asked the government to rectify the old system. We have said that it is inappropriate for the government to rectify the old system. We should not sit back. We will take charge of the Department and write the order. As a result of Fu Shu's words, Liu Zhen was punished for his work in the fourth year of Shunzhi. He should be given to Zhaoxue, who was the official of Fu Zhen. Ren Zhen, the chief of the army, complained about his dereliction of duty and killed his family. He went down to Jiuqing to discuss the crime. Chen Mingxia, the Bachelor of the army, and other 28 people had different opinions. They were like Shu and Yan. He was held responsible for favoritism of the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party, was held responsible by the party. In the 11th year, the University scholar Ning finished my impeachment of Mingxia, and said that Xiangshu had a connection with Mingxia's marriage family Niu shedou. Xiangshu corrected the impeachment error, the Ministry of officials proposed demotion, Mingxia changed the ticket, punished the salary, and ordered him to be arrested. If the elephant pivot does not know how to shoot, it is not necessary to discuss it. In the name of Xia, his father and son helped the evil. He said that officials should not be impeached in advance. All subjects were given the rank in the affairs, such as Shu descending to fill the book of Zhan Shifu and moving to Guanglu temple. Sixteen years later, he was raised by his mother.

In the 11th year of Kangxi reign, when his mother died, he used Feng Pujian, a bachelor, to confer the title of Guizhou Taoist censor. After entering into the opposition, he retreated and said happily, "the Lord is above, and the cause of peace begins. It's not appropriate to use the words of Buju for the time being. " It is divided into three parts: "Wang Daoshou's education, Manchu and Han officials should be tutored." "It is the most important task for a governor to be appointed. There are duties that can not be neglected and reasons that can not be ignored. Therefore, it is appropriate to instruct and correct each other." "The system of salary is the reason for maintaining integrity. Today's punishment rules are too strict. It is appropriate to record demerits to show punishment and increase ranks to show kindness." "It is urgent to harness the river, and it is advisable to reserve talents for appointment." "It's better to correct people's mind to abstain from obscenity and extravagance, to encourage customs and to cultivate etiquette." More praise from ancestors. Fu Shu corrected that Liu Xiangui, Hunan's political emissary, had invaded public funds and was not promoted internally. Yu siren, who was in charge of the affair, was dismissed. In the 12th year, he was promoted to the imperial censor of Zuojin capital with the title of senior minister and senior minister. Thirteen years, three years old moved to the Ministry of minister. They will use troops in the southwest, take measures to feed them, inspect money and collect them, and make many plans. On the issue of raising rates, please make sure that the price is straight, check the tariff strictly, and use the provincial envoys carefully. In the 17th year, he was granted the imperial censor of zuodu. Shuyan: "the country lies in the people, and the safety of the people lies in the governor. The former ministers left blood for the people and cultivated the vitality of the country. I can't help being the official of the imperial court, and encouraging the officials to be famous. " Because of the ten issues mentioned in the constitution, Shangjia was right on the spot. Lu Longqi, the magistrate of Jiading County in Jiangsu Province, was impeached because he had the name of Qing Dynasty. Liu Ding, the magistrate of Zhenjiang, drowned in his duty and was promoted to the state of grain; Cao Tingyu, the magistrate of Jiangzhou, Shanxi, did a lot of bad deeds and was not able to rectify them. Because of the shortcomings of Chen Kechang, we need to set up an inner curtain to supervise and test the imperial censor. We should examine the learning ways of the provinces directly under the leadership of Lao Zhibian and Shao Jia, and impeach Lu Yuanpei and Cheng RUPU, just as we thought.

Eighteen years, moved to the Ministry of justice. Xiangshu said: "I'm a minister of the Han Dynasty, but I'm still in charge of discipline. I dare to help the Han Dynasty minister Ji'an and ask him to be a lang. I'll leave the censor's desk to clean up the discipline for the imperial court." On May its play, by the Ministry of punishment minister left all censor. All the illegal pleadings of impeaching Wang Keshan, the governor of Shanxi Province, and Liu Yuan, the principal of Wuhu, who was in charge of Taxation, were dismissed. July, the earthquake, Xiangshu and vice governor Shi Weihan sparsely said: "tunnel, minister also. I'm sorry for my dereliction of duty, but I'm not at peace with you. I'll plead with you to return to heaven. " The upper calling image pivot into the right, the language shift, to cry. Tomorrow, the imperial court will gather its ministers at the left wing gate and issue a edict that the ministers will not be concerned about their integrity if they are treated favoritism; the generals will defeat the enemy, burn their houses, capture their children and bustle with property; the foreign officials will not talk about the hardships of the people's livelihood; the prison proceedings will not be settled according to the time; the kings, Baylor and the family members of the ministers will ignore the interests of the market and make a preliminary lawsuit: they will go to heaven to make peace, and strictly discipline the province. At that time, the imperial edicts were mostly issued on the basis of demanding the amount of money, which was called "Xiang Shu Shi Qi". They are: Lei Hu, ban Di, Da ha TA, Gao Heng, Qing Hu Mishe of Dali temple, song Wenyun, Xiao Weiyu, Bi Zhenji, magistrate, Lu Longqi and Zhang Mufan. The imperial edict said: "Lei Hu Zhen also heard that he was in the Qing Dynasty. He was deposed by his laziness. He was specially recommended by Xiangshu and was awarded a bachelor degree in the cabinet. Ban Di was very careful. Because his envoy went to Jiangxi Province, he could not make it clear. He asked about the hardships and happiness of the people, and he did not know how to thank them. I asked the Ministry of officials to discuss the employment. " In nineteen years, he was still the Minister of the Ministry of punishment. Looking for life, he and his Chamberlain ke'erkun inspected Jifu. According to the rules, he was clever and played the title. If Xiangshu is ill, he will be given ginseng and ginseng ointment. He will ask how to eat. In the 23rd year of the reign of emperor qianqingmen, when he was in a hurry, he begged for a rest and played again, which was a promise. When he was ordered to play again, he was given the imperial calligraphy hall and ordered Chi Yi to return. Twenty five years, death, seventy-one years, give sacrifice burial, posthumous Minguo.

Xiang Shu rose again with Feng Pu's recommendation. When Xiang Shu saw Pu, he asked why he knew? Pu said: "in the past, I was sacrificial wine. According to the story, those who were not allowed to accompany the Ding sacrifice should pay homage the day before. Every time you arrive, you will be respectful. One year old straight rain, you still to, solemnly worship and go, in addition to no one to. I know you are sincere. " Zi Xuecheng, a Jinshi, teaches Zhongshu. On the push like Shu en, adapted repair, official to Yu De. During the Jiaqing period, the descendants of the ministers in the Xianliang ancestral hall were recorded, and the descendants of the fourth generation of Xiangshu, Sun Yu, were bestowed.

Posterity evaluation

Deng Zi said: I described a generation of academic, but not as high as those in the Song school, such as Wei Xiangshu, Yi Jie, Tang bin, Li Guangdi, Han school, Xu Qianxue, Ji Yun, Ruan Yuan, Bi Yuan. All of them were great men, holding the leading position in the academic circle. However, none of them took the pseudonym of Daoism, flattering Shijun by their plumpness, or pretending to be their diners This is the thief of the giant beetle, and the Qing school also declined. (Deng Shi: academic changes in the Qing Dynasty, on Sinology today, Journal of quintessence of Chinese culture, 1905, No.4 and No.5)

Anecdotes

Wei Xiangshu was a famous minister and scholar in the early Qing Dynasty. He played an important role in the history of the early Qing Dynasty. He came from an ordinary official family. His ancestor was a general of Mingyuan, and his father was the leader of Xincheng in Jiangxi Province for six years. At the age of six, he began to study the four books and five classics. By the age of twelve, "a composition can be finished.". He became a scholar at the age of 19. In 1642, when he was 25 years old, he was elected. During the change of Jiashen, the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wei Xiangshu was still eager to seek fame. In the third year of Shunzhi (1646), Jinshi was selected as a scholar of the Imperial Academy and began his official career. In the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), Wei Xiangshu was given a lenient demotion. In 1654, because of the involvement of Chen Mingxia case, he was demoted. The 16th year of Shunzhi (1)

Chinese PinYin : Wei Xiang Shu