Ouyang Shoudao

Ouyang Shoudao

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Ouyang Shoudao (1208-1272), an educator in the Southern Song Dynasty. The word Gongquan, the word circuitous father, was named Xun at the beginning and Xun Zhai at the end. Scholars call it Mr. Xun Zhai. Luling, Jizhou (now Ji'an, Jiangxi) people. Few lonely poor, no teacher, self-reliance in learning. He was employed as a teacher for his children in the village. He acted as a Confucian school in the village and was known as the mellow Confucian of Luling. Chunyou Jinshi was appointed as the master of Yudu and the governor of Ganzhou. He was employed by Jiang Wanli and went to Bailuzhou academy to speak for students. Later, he was employed by Wu Ziliang, the Deputy envoy of Hunan Province. In the first year of Baoyou's reign (1253), he was the deputy head of Yuelu Academy. He invented Meng's theory of upholding the people's will and inheriting the three saints. Jiang Wanli recommended it as a review of the Museum of history, and gave the secretary the correct word of the province. He was also a professor of Jing Xianfu, a scholar of Chongzheng palace, and a government official. He paid special attention to the former generation's governance of chaos, prosperity and abolishment. Wen Tianxiang, Deng Guangjian, Liu Chenweng and so on are all out of their doors. His main works are Yi Gu and Xun Zhai Wen Ji. The preface to the gift of respect in the anthology is one of the most important historical materials in the history of Yuelu Academy.

Life of the characters

After Ouyang was a Jinshi in daozhong, he worked as a Si Hu in Ganzhou. At this time, Jizhou governor Jiang Wanli founded Bailuzhou Academy in order to promote education and cultivate talents of Luling. In the second year of Chunyou (1242), Jiang Wanli hired Ouyang, a famous Confucian, to return home and serve as the first mountain leader of Bailuzhou Academy. He is knowledgeable, upright and well managed. In particular, he advocated a democratic style of study, so that teachers and students can discuss knowledge with each other, making students active and open-minded. Under his leadership, the Academy became better and better. Not only the young people in Jizhou were eager to enroll, but also the students from neighboring counties were attracted by it. In 1256, Wen Tianxiang won the first prize in the examination, and at the same time, he got 40 Jinshi, ranking among the top in the country. Emperor LiZong wrote a plaque on "Bailuzhou academy" to show his reward, which made the Academy famous all over the world and was known as one of the "three academies" in Jiangxi Province. Ouyang has been on duty for more than ten years and has made outstanding contributions to the cultivation of talents in Jizhou. In 1260, Ouyang Shoudao served in the imperial court for six years. Later, he served as a local official and then in the imperial court. This famous teacher and minister who has been in officialdom for more than ten years has been honest and selfless all his life. When Ouyang was the head of Bailuzhou academy, many dignitaries sent their children to study and asked him to take care of them. But he treats students equally, no matter whether they are rich or poor. He refused all the gifts from the rich gentry. Ren Shan has lived for more than ten years and still lives in a dilapidated house. His brother died early and his two nephews were brought up by him. My nephew is going to have a family, but he can't afford any financial support, so he has to ask the student Wen Tianxiang for help. Wen Tianxiang didn't have much savings either. He had to lend Ouyang Shoudao a gold bowl that the emperor had awarded him when he was the crown prince's teacher in the imperial court to pawn in the pawnshop. Then Ouyang Shoudao did the wedding for his nephew and gave up a wish. In the second year of Xianchun (1266), Ouyang Shoudao served as secretary Lang in the central court. He was dismissed because of his disagreement with the powerful officials. When he left the capital for his hometown, he did not have any treasure. His luggage was just two boxes of books and clothes. He hated the greedy officials very much. In the memorial to the court, he said: "if you want to enrich the country and the people, you must make the officials and workers in the world wash away the evil of greed." The author thinks that only by eliminating the corruption in the officialdom can the country have long-term stability. All his life, he adhered to the integrity of poverty and did not seek personal interests, so that when he died of illness, there was no money in his family, and the students donated money to bury him. After his death, the Prime Minister Jiang Wanli wrote Mo Zhiming for him, and Wen Tianxiang wrote touching funeral rites for him. Liu Chenweng and other celebrities at that time came to mourn. His honest conduct has become a model for generations of Luling people.

Documentation

original text

The history of the Song Dynasty

Ouyang Shoudao, word public power, word circuitous father, Jizhou people. The original name of Xun, since the name should be changed, should not be, when the sacrifice will be called Xun. Few lonely poor, no teacher, self-reliance in learning. Li was employed as a teacher for his children. The master showed that every meat he ate was given to his mother. In order to provide two utensils, he was willing to eat meat. All his neighbors were moved by the sigh. At the age of 30, Xiran acted as a Confucian school in Xiangjun by virtue. Jiang Wanli defends Jizhou, defends Daoshi, and pays tribute to the countryside.

In the first year of Chunyou's reign, he was elected to the imperial court, saying: "the success or failure of state affairs lies in the prime minister, and the growth or decline of talents lies in the admonition of the stage. In the past, when the country was in charge of evil rules, the speaker doubted and touched the wrong, and when he left his position, he was called a non talented person. Sometimes they pander to the emperor and are attentive to himself. Sometimes they are obedient to the evil, and they are so insistent that they can't distinguish between loyalty and evil Xu Yanfu was the first to sing the title of the song. He said, "I'm ashamed to be on the throne. I'm not afraid that I'm on the throne." He is the master of teaching Yu.

After ten years, Wan Li became the Bailuzhou Academy. She was the first to keep the Tao and speak for the students. Wu Ziliang, deputy envoy of Hunan Province, appointed Shoudao as the deputy head of Yuelu Academy. He invented the theory of Mencius' rectifying people's heart and inheriting the three sages, which was well accepted by scholars. Xinhe and zibitai, who lived in Changsha, went to visit them after hearing about the Tao. At the beginning, I didn't know it, so I met with each other. I asked Yu Ziliang to teach for Yuelu Academy. In the new chapter of the book of rites, "when the sky rains, mountains and rivers come out of the clouds," he said, "Changsha has its own Zhongqi. Why do I come here?" Zhongqi is a new word. More than years old, the new death, Shoudao wail, since the inscription of his tomb, but also recommend his son will be Thai in the road. Ziliang generation, Shoudao back to Jizhou.

There is Zhang's death of his father, Xiao Xiang, and his uncle's lawsuit, the Department of prison, so that no sacrifice, invited to sell their own land for burial. When I heard it, I sighed and said, "I can't cry for my son, but what can I do for his father?" Tomorrow, he told the city magistrate, "it's not the heart of the people. It's a sacrifice by the shore, and it's a snatch by scratching the grave. My uncle is eating his own flesh. Please let him go out and return to prison. " It's urgent. His uncle ugly falsely defends Tao, but he does not distinguish himself. Bao Hui, the transport envoy, was invited to the temple. Wan Li entered the imperial palace to offer sacrifices to the son of the state, recommended him to the historical museum for inspection, called for the examination of the museum, and granted him the title of secretary.

Chen Rizhao, king of Annan, passed on the throne to his son, seeking to be the supreme king and the provincial official. Shoudao said: "the supreme, the Han emperor to respect his father, tired of the dynasty has not changed, if the imperial edict called the king, not convenient. Tuo, a Nanyue captain, called himself "the great elder of barbarians" and was also responsible for the affairs of Nanyi. In the book of rites, uncle Fang claimed to be "the old man of the son of heaven", the official said "the old man", and he also claimed to be "the old man". From barbarians, there is the story of Wei Tuo; from China, it is also known as Fang Bo's official. In the Han Dynasty, there was also the name of "Lao Shang Shan Yu". The word "Tai" is different from that of "Shao". If the father is too much, the son is too little. If you speak with respect, the empress dowager, the imperial concubine, the prince, and the grandson will speak with respect; if you speak with inferiority, the Taishi, the Taibu, the Taizhu, the Letai, and the Abbess will be used by the whole society. " When sick enough, less than with the discussion.

Mr. Qian Shulang, Professor of Jing Xianfu and Secretary of Jing Xianfu, turned to the right and said, "if you want to give enough to your family, you must make it impossible for Chinese and foreign officials to return to the previous days of saying good things. Weathering is only reflected in the body. If we turn it into thrift, and the other is not thrifty, we can only humble the palace and eat the rich food; if we turn it into cheap, but the other is not thrifty, we can only have the goods that are not expensive and rare, and the goods that are not thick and useless. " Let's just say it. There are only two suitcases of books to go out of Qiantang gate on foot. After hearing the imperial edict, Li Zong and his disciples wept, while the boys, slaves and children mourned. Xianchun three years, special purpose and temple. The imperial edict ministers and the young Fu LV Wende gave 96 people to guard the way. Tianchai ordered the Jianchang army to thank the temple hall with a letter, saying: "shizan's general didn't recommend scholars. Today's general recommends scholars. How can someone get this from the general. If you are lucky enough to be summoned and promoted to several three halls, or if it is boring to let go of them at different times, or if you entrust yourself to the noble people and hurt the national body, you'd rather be relieved. It's enough to still pay for the ancestral temple. " He was also an official of Chongzheng palace. As far as Jingyan is concerned, it's all about the affairs of the time. He moved to be a writer, died, and had no money at home.

His son Yan was more than five years old and sick. He was only a few months old. He had no room for his thirty year old son. He was unable to nurse. He held his second son day and night, weeping and pitying in the lane. Since the performance is long, I don't know what I'm going to do. I'll keep the Tao and cry for the wild, but I can't get it in the end. If I don't eat meat for three years, I'll live a lifetime. Ji Youxian defends, but everybody resents the thick, falsely accuses with the stolen goods, under its matter Changping emissary. When the drought was severe, he prayed for Yunteng and said, "there is no way to pray. The God of Yunteng is the governor of the Tang Dynasty. There is no more injustice than the former defense. The injustice is not straight, but the Marquis of Wu is praying. The Marquis has his words. Every woman has her grievances. In the drought or three years, the grievances lie with the people and herdsmen, and the harm is not so small. " Over a thousand words, or circuitous smile, keep the road does not change, tell those who are tireless, keep the soldiers straight. His works include Yi Gu and anthology.

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He was born in Jizhou. At first, he was named Xun, but he thought it was wrong to change his name to imperial examination. He must call himself Ouyang Xun when he met a sacrifice. When I was young, I lost my father. My family was poor and had no teacher. I studied hard by myself. The villagers hired him to be a teacher for their young children. When the host saw that he never ate meat at meals, he secretly sent it home to his mother. (the host) immediately prepared two bowls and sent them to Ouyang Taoist school. Then he agreed to eat meat. The neighbor's women and children were not moved. In his late 30s, he became the master of the Confucianists in rural areas because of his moral character. Jiang Wanli is the governor of Jizhou, and Ouyang Shoudao is recommended by the township. Jiang Wanli attaches great importance to him. In the first year of Chunyou's reign, when he passed the imperial examination, he went to the palace to take countermeasures, saying: "the success or failure of state affairs lies in the prime minister, and the prosperity or decline of talents lies in the censor's admonishment. In the past, those who were in power hated admonishment. Admonishmen suspected that they had offended him. When he left, they all said that he was not a prime minister. Some flattered the prime minister at that time and worked hard, while others resented evil and were abnormal, and criticized shortcomings so severely that they could not distinguish between loyalty and evil and were demoted and promoted

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