Liu Zhang
Liu Zhang
Liu Zhang (200-177 BC), the grandson of Liu Bang in the early Western Han Dynasty, mourned the second son of Liu Fei. Empress Lu was granted the title of marquis Zhu Xu during the reign of emperor Lu. Later, she was granted the title of King Chengyang for her meritorious service in the process of killing Lv. After his death, he was named king Jing.
Life of the characters
Young and brave
Liu Zhang is the grandson of Liu Bang, the emperor of Han Dynasty, and the second son of Liu Fei, the king of Qi Dynasty. When Liu Zhang was 20 years old, he was very strong. Because Liu Bang's descendants couldn't get the position commensurate with their status, he was angry.
In 182 BC (the sixth year of empress Gao), Liu Zhang went to the palace to serve empress Gao and held a banquet. Empress Lu asked her to serve as a wine official. Liu Zhang asked himself: "I am the descendant of the general, please allow me to supervise the wine according to the military law." Empress Lu said, "yes." When everyone was drinking, Liu ZhangJin offered songs and dances. After singing and dancing, he said, "please let me sing the ballad of farming for the Empress Dowager." Empress Lu always raised Liu Zhang as her son, and said with a smile, "look, your father knows how to farm. You were born a prince. How do you know how to farm? " "I know," Liu said The Empress Dowager said, "then try to sing farming for me." Liu Zhang sang: "after deep ploughing, then sowing, seedlings should be sparse, not the same kind, resolutely eradicate." Empress Lu was silent.
Soon, a member of the LV family got drunk and ran away from the banquet. Liu Zhang chased him and killed him with his sword. Then he came back and reported, "one man ran away from the banquet and killed him in accordance with the military law." Empress Lu and his attendants were greatly surprised. However, he has been promised to supervise alcohol according to military law, so he can not be punished. So the banquet ended. Since then, all the people in the LV family have been afraid of Liu Zhang, and even the ministers in the court have been attached to Liu Zhang. Liu's power has become increasingly powerful.
Eradicate zhulv
Empress Lu died in 180 B.C. Lu Lu, the king of Zhao, was the superior general and Lu Chan was the prime minister. They all lived in Chang'an. They mobilized their troops together to intimidate their ministers and plot a rebellion. Because his wife is Lu Lu's daughter, Liu Zhang knew about Lu's plot, so he sent someone to tell his elder brother Liu Xiang, king of Qi, secretly that Liu Xiang planned to send troops from the west, and Liu Zhang and Liu Xingju, Marquis of Eastern Mou, were inside.
Liu Xiang sent envoys to the east of the state of Qi in the state of Langxie (the capital of Dongwu, now Shandong cities). He said that Lu's family had launched a rebellion and invited the king of Langxie to Linzi, the capital of Qi, to conduct a face-to-face business. Liu Ze, the king of Langxie, rushed to Linzi but was put under house arrest by the king of Qi. Liu Xiang immediately mobilized his troops to march westward, holding high the banner of "leading troops to eliminate those who should not be kings". LV Chan sent a general to fight with his soldiers. Guanying was originally the founder of the Han Dynasty and an important figure loyal to the Liu Dynasty. After he led the troops to Xingyang, he set up camp, defected and sent people to unite with Liu Xiang. He just waited for the rebellion of the Lu group and led the troops to attack.
Liu Zhang was in secret contact with Taiwei Zhou Bo and right Prime Minister Chen Ping. When LV Chan learned that the king of Qi and Guanying were united, he rushed into the palace to take the prince.
In the city of Chang'an, Taiwei Zhou Bo and right Prime Minister Chen Ping conspired in private to let general Lu Lu hand over military power. Zhou Bo and Chen Ping got the military amulet through Xiangping Hou Jitong, who was in charge of the emperor's Fujie, pretending that the emperor ordered Taiwei to lead the northern army. When Zhou Bo entered the northern army, he ordered "to support Lu's right shoulder and Liu's left shoulder!" Everyone bared their left shoulders one after another, and the voice was loud. Zhou Bo successfully controlled the northern army and became a main anti Lu force. Then Chen Ping asked Zhou Bo to help Liu Zhang control the southern army and strictly guard the army.
He also ordered Cao Xuan, the Marquis of Pingyang, to tell the guard of the imperial guards that he was not allowed to enter the gate of the palace. Zhou Bo ordered Liu Zhang to lead thousands of soldiers to kill Lu Chan, who was in charge of the southern army, in the name of guarding the emperor. Later, he killed Lu Lu, and sent his men to kill all Lu, no matter young or old. At this point, the Lu group was exterminated, and the ruling power returned to the Liu group.
Be crowned king
After the rebellion of zhulv was settled, Zhou Bo and Chen Ping, the ministers of secret business, elected the emperor. Liu Zejia proposed to Liu Xiang to go to Chang'an and lobby all the officials to make Liu Xiang the son of heaven. However, when he arrived in Chang'an, he said: Liu Xiang's uncle Si Jun is not a good person. If Liu Xiang was established, it would be a repeat of the history of "Lu's rule of the country". The ministers were very afraid of the recurrence of the influence of their relatives. After discussion, they agreed that Liu Heng was fit for the throne. The reason is that Shaodi and all the princes are not born of Huidi (this argument is controversial), but Daiwang is the son of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty. He is generous and kind-hearted, and his mother Bo is also very kind, so he won't support himself. The most important point is that Daiwang is the oldest, which is indisputable throughout the country. Therefore, Zhou Bo, Chen Ping and others personally welcomed Chang'an, who was the emperor. In September, Liu Heng and his entourage went from Dai to Chang'an. With the support of many ministers, they became Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty.
Liu Zhang first personally killed the Prime Minister Lu Chan and made a great contribution. He was awarded 2000 salaries by Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty. In 178 B.C. (the second year of Emperor Xiaowen), Liu Zhang was appointed king of Chengyang from zhuxu Marquis Jin and established the kingdom of Chengyang. At first, he was promised to be the king of Zhao by Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty because he had made great contributions to pacify the zhulv family. But later, Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty learned that Liu Zhang intended to support his elder brother Liu Xiang, the king of Qi, and he was not happy, so he only made him the king of Chengyang.
Liu Zhang, the king of Chengyang, was in power for two years and died in 177 BC (the third year of Emperor Xiaowen). His posthumous title was "Jing".
Representative works
Farming songs
Deep ploughing and deep planting make the seedlings sparse.
Those who are not of the same species will go away.
Historical evaluation
Li Bai: "Ying's filthy virtue is destroyed by Jin Jing. The Han Dynasty is very popular. The red dragon ascends the sky and the sun shines. The Yin rainbow is abused by thieves, and zhulv is disturbed. When Zhu Xu comes and goes, he will drink in the high court. The Empress Dowager was shocked by the fierce attack of the male sword. So hoe production Lu, Universiade is prosperous. The emperor's office won't die today. "
Sima Zhen: "Zhu Xu was an official of the Han Dynasty. He made great achievements and made long policies."
Wang Shizhen: "Zhang, with more than a thousand soldiers of the northern army, chased Lu's property and killed it. Knowing that he had the courage to annihilate his clan party, who could win?"
Cai Dongfan: "although zhulv's punishment was decided by Pingbo, the first one was Zhu xuhou Liu Zhang. It has been mentioned in the general review of the previous chapter. If Zhou Bo had captured the northern army, he should arrest and punish chanlu, but he didn't dare to make a sudden attack. However, he sent Liu Zhang into the guard and set up a chapter not to kill LV Chan, so the success or failure of Liu Lu is still unknown. Chen Ping was resourceful but not courageous. He did things according to people's needs. On the later day, he failed to redeem the previous day's crime of flattery. When Emperor Wen ascended the throne, he was generous and prosperous, but Liu Zhang did not reward him immediately. Did Emperor Wen also have his private intention? To give way to three in the West and to give way to another in the south is nothing more than a kind of hypocrisy. Liu Zhang's desire to wear elder brother Dai Nai is more suspicious than to be respected? Kuang Shaodi's brothers were killed at the same time, but they didn't care about it
Commemoration of later generations
Chengyang king temple is the temple of Chengyang King Liu Zhang. According to the records in the biography of Guangwu ten kings in the later Han Dynasty, Liu Jing, the son of Guangwu emperor Liu Xiu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was granted the title of King Langya, and the capital was built in Jucheng. The temple of King Chengyang was first built in the Western Han Dynasty. According to the article "the temple of King Chengyang" written by Ying Shao in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Zhang was granted the title of King Chengyang for his meritorious deeds in killing the LV family, and his capital was built in Ju. After Liu Zhang died, "it was built from Langya, Qingzhou six counties, the capital of Bohai Sea, and the settlement of rural pavilions.". It can be inferred that the temple of King Jingwang in Chengyang should be built in 176 BC, the first year of the second Emperor (Liu Xi). By the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the sacrificial circle of chengyangjingwang had rapidly expanded to the whole Qi area. Not only Langxie County of Xuzhou, but also the six counties of Qingzhou and Bohai city of Jizhou belonged to chengyangjingwang's ancestral temple. The ancestral temple was all over the villages and pavilions of all capitals, and chengyangjingwang's God might have become a community God. The destruction took place in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, and lasted for more than 1000 years. "Chengyang Jingwang Temple (in the city of Juzhou)...." The temple has been abandoned for a long time It shows that there are remains of ancient temples in Yuan Dynasty. The following goes: "there are ancient locust trees in the State Department, half of which are as withered as stubble, and the roots and leaves are luxuriant. It is said that they are planted by Zhang hand." The Huaihe tree planted by Liu Zhang is no longer in existence. It was originally located in Dagao street, Chengyang Town, and the king temple of Chengyang should also be near here. There is a poem written by the Imperial Academy of Qing Dynasty: "the cattle sleeping in perennial grass, the general nest of the swallow, the crow singing in ancient locust, the king's temple." It is also said that the ancient pagoda tree is close to Jingwang temple.
Family members
parent
brother
wife
Lu family
son
Liu Xi, king of Chengyang
offspring
Liu Penzi, the emperor of the red eyebrow Army
Film and television image
2010 TV series "beauty scheming": Feng Shaofeng plays Liu Zhang;
2011 TV series "gale song": Zhou Shuai plays Liu Zhang.
Chinese PinYin : Liu Zhang
Liu Zhang
