Qiu Kui

Qiu Kui

Qiu Kui (1244-1333), a native of Tongan County, was named Jifu and diaojiweng. He devoted himself to the study of Zhu Zi's theory of human nature and lived in seclusion all his life. During the song and Yuan Dynasties, Pu Shoucheng had a poem called "Jiqiu diaoji" (Volume I of xinquanxue poetry manuscript). In the fourth year of Yanyou's reign (1317), the imperial censor Ma Zu often held the money, but he was not accepted, and wrote poems to show his ambition. As a recluse poet, his "quepin poetry" was quite famous at that time. There are four volumes of diaoji Poetry Anthology (other five volumes), but the biographical edition is rare. Except for "KEPIN poetry", the history of Yuan poetry has never had its name, and its poems have not been included in the anthology of Yuan poetry, such as Huang Yuan Fengya, Yuan Shi Xuan, GUI Ji and Yuan Shi Ji. Quanyuanwen (Volume 13) records four of its articles. Another "Zhou Li Bu Wu" (also known as "Zhou Li Quan Shu") six volumes. His life story can be seen in volume 68 of Song Yuan Xuean and volume 235 of new yuan history. Volume 7 of Yigutang collection by Lu Xinyuan of Qing Dynasty has Preface to Qiu diaoji's poetry collection, and Volume 19 has postscript to diaoji's poetry collection.

Character experience

Seclusion and learning

At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, social unrest, Qiu Kui secluded at home, when walking in Wenling (Tongan county), the character of knowledge respected by the world. "Qiu Kui, a native of Tongan County, Xiamen, is named diaoji, whose name is Jifu. It's as graceful as a crane. At first, he studied from Xin Jieshu, and then from Wu Pingfu in Xinzhou, he taught the spring and Autumn Annals. He personally visited Lu Dagui and Hong Daxi for the longest time. At the end of the Song Dynasty, the imperial examination was abolished, and the official records were engraved in Dumen Li Qingfu, Qing Dynasty, in his research on the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian, Vol.33, Mr. Qiu diaoji, a scholar of Zhengshi, said: "Qiu Kui, whose name is Jifu, was born in Tong'an, Xiamen, and he was named diaoji in his home on Haiyu island. Zhu Xi first learned from Xin Jiefu, and then from Wu Pingfu in Xinzhou, who taught the spring and Autumn Annals. He personally visited the gate of Lu Dagui and Hong Tianxi for the longest time. The demeanor is like a crane standing in front of a heron. At the end of the Song Dynasty, the imperial examination was abolished, and Dumen encouraged learning "Lv Chun, the disciple." When the famous song dynasty anti Jin general Liu Bi and Sun Wen lived in Zhishan, Jinjiang, they had invited Qiu Kui to teach in Zhishan, and left inscriptions in cement palace and Zhishan. Qiu diaoji and Pu Shousheng are very close friends. There is a saying in Pu Shousheng's Xinquan's xinquanxue poem manuscript Volume 1, Jiqiu diaoji: "painting blocks my eyes, and it's a long way from here; if you want to carry my coir hat, it's where the wind and rain are ripe." It expresses the deep memory of friends living in seclusion on the island. Qiu Kui's poems include "He Xin Quan Wen Liu", "Ti Xin Quan's portrait of Li Bai" and "WAN Xin Quan Pu Chu Shi".

Hard to be an official

In the first year of Deyou (1275), Pu shougeng of Tong'an was demoted to the Yuan Dynasty. Lu Dakui, Qiu Kui's teacher, was coerced into signing the surrender form. Lu Dakui refused in national indignation and was chased after escaping. In order to show his patriotism and loyalty, Qiu Kui specially asked his eldest son to follow the Prime Minister of Song Dynasty, Zhang Shijie, into King Qin of Guangdong. When he entered the Yuan Dynasty, the emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty sent an envoy to recruit Qiu Kui as an official. Qiu kuijian was not an official in the Yuan Dynasty. Under the influence of Qiu Kui, none of the scholars in Jinmen of the Yuan Dynasty was an official. Li Qingfu of the Qing Dynasty wrote in his book the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian, Vol.33, Mr. Qiu diaoji, a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty: "when the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty heard his name, he sent the imperial censor Ma Boyong and Dalu gaqi (that is, Dalu Huachi, the official seal of the prefecture and county) to offer money for recruitment, but they did not come out and wrote poems to see their aspirations." Qiu Kui wrote a poem: "the emperor came to recruit the old scholar, and the scholar was lazy to go to the reading desk. Shangshan is willing to go out for Qin Ying, but Huangshi comes from Ruzi. The prefect paid homage to the hall, and the envoys returned to the sun. There is a spring and autumn brush in the sleeve, which is not a second cut for people nearby. "

Writing

Li Qingfu in the Qing Dynasty wrote "Yi Jie", "Yi Shu Jie", "Shi Jie", "Chunqiu Tong Yi", "Si Shu RI Shuo", "Jing Shi Shu", "Sheng Ji Tu", "Zhou Li Bu Wu" and so on In the Yuan Dynasty, the Japanese pirates came to his house, and he did nothing but take the posthumous notes. Therefore, most of his works have no biography, and only four volumes of Zhou Li Bu Wu and Shi Ji have been published. "Zhou Li Bu Wu" is still in existence today, and scholars say that its reference is detailed and accurate. " In the Qing Dynasty, Lin haoxiu, a Juren of Jinmen, wrote the records of Jinmen, which collected relevant materials of Qiu Kui, and called Qiu Kui's collection of poems and essays "rare edition".

Death

Huang zhongzhao, Ming Dynasty, wrote the book of eight min annals, vol.67, characters, Quanzhou Prefecture, scholars, Song Dynasty, Qiu Kui: "death, sacrifice to the sages of the city." In Li Qingfu's the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian, Volume 33, Mr. Qiu guai, a scholar of Zhengshi, in Qing Dynasty: "he died more than 80 years ago." It is not very clear about Qiu Kui's age, but there is a simple textual research on Li Qingfu's "the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian" (Volume 33) Zhengshi Qiu Diao Mr. Kui ":" his poem still has "eighty four year old Yin", and Ruan's min Xi said: "Mr. eighty four year old is still there." The date of his death is not recorded, and his descendants must know it when they are sacrificial at the age of. Zhou Li Xu was written in 1324, the first year of TAIDING, when it was 81. When Tai was appointed to the emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty, he was in his seventies. " In other words, Qiu Kui died in 1332 at the age of 90. Qiu Kui's mausoleum was not discovered until the Ming Dynasty, Shenzong and Wanli (1573-1620), when the villagers of xiaodengyu dug the ground and found a stone tablet engraved with Qiu Kui's self writing. In the first year of Emperor Shun Zhizheng (1341), Tong'an county magistrate Kong Junjian built Datong academy to worship Zhu Xi, with LV Dakui and Qiu Kui. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), Qiu Kui and LV Dakui were worshipped in the Zhuzi Temple of Tong'an.

social relations

The poem "to bear is not Xuan" written by Li Qingfu in Qing Dynasty, Volume 33, the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian: "re examination: Zheng Shi and Xiong are good friends. His poem" to bear is not Xuan "says:" Mu Mu Zhu, master of Taoism, has achieved great success. It is difficult to understand the profound meaning of giving. I'm so lucky that I'm a fellow townsman. Although after more than a hundred years, Yuan machine if personally inherited. Fortunately, he did not fall. He came to Tongcheng with his way. In my life, when I was in doubt, I was happy to study. the autumn wind blows on the trees in the courtyard and makes a parting sound. When will we merge when we are old. Be willing to speak and live less. Don't abandon the literary alliance. Sages speak thousands of words, only in knowing and doing. "What can we do for the future?" he said Lin Huo's visit to Mr. Qiu diaoji's former address in Qing Dynasty, Kangxi, Wanli and Zhang Yiyi's visit to Mr. Qiu diaoji's former address in Ming Dynasty, and Li Qingfu's research on the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian, Volume 33, Zhengshi, Mr. Qiu diaoji's Kui, preparation for examination in Qing Dynasty, collected "Lin Huo's visit to Mr. Qiu diaoji's former address", saying: "Tongyi follows the sea to the south, big islands are staggered, small islands are floating on the sea, the most remote; and 500 Zhongling is produced by Mr. Qiu diaoji in Song Dynasty Above it. Mr. Zhu kaoting (Zhu Xi) was born more than one hundred years ago, while Mr. kaoting, the only ancestor of Daoism, was a master of Taoism. He was able to collect his moral integrity and study for a long time. The Duke of CAI xutai (CAI Xianchen) rebuilt the Yi Cheng (Tongan county annals). He was the only one with Mr. Gao's style, but he was given a water to live in. He could not tell in detail that his house had been destroyed and his illness was serious. It was on the eighth day of the summer season that Wang maocai, a member of the royal family, asked Wang maocai to visit Yan. In the East, before crossing the Shihu village, the boat spins to the cliff. Under the cliff, the white sand is more than Wu, and there are three springs out of the sand. Among the stones, the water is clear and sweet, which is the immortal well recorded in the spring "Jun Zhi". As a result, the cliff runs southwest, with many stones, either steep or round. A few feet around the square stone, it is engraved as "Xiang Ma Xi Ju". In the middle of the cliff, it is engraved with the cross of "Wanji molecular Road, return with a smile". It has been lost. The four characters of "Wanji molecular" can be copied completely. The grass is very skillful, and Mr. Gai's handwriting says. As the losing game moves westward, Mr. Yu is fishing for stones. From then on, a half mile to the East is the Zhongshan Mountain. To the south is a temple called Zhangfa, which originated in the Song Dynasty. In the north, Mr. Ze's house is not half an acre. It was built by Emperor Gaodi of Ming Dynasty, so he moved to the people. All the islets are empty. Chenghua (1465-1487) was restored to the old books at the beginning. All of Qiu's houses were at the foot of Zhongshan, but the former site of Mr. Qiu was abandoned. When Yu Yu and the other princes Fujing hesitated, he would leave his career as soon as he was born. As soon as you compile and read the poems you collected, you can see that you are true in your life. If you understand the great righteousness of living people, distinguish the great points of heaven and earth, and keep your thoughts in the examination Pavilion, you can do a great job! However, if you know the details of Mr. Gao's trace and rhyme from now on, are you not familiar with them. As soon as he returned to Shiji, he recorded it. In 1612, three days later, Zhang Yinyi, a later scholar, wrote in Yunhai Museum. In the sixty-first year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Renzi (1672), a later scholar, Lin Huo, was deleted. On the 20th day of midsummer, the book was written in Lanyuan Lu ruotang's preface to Qiu Kui's collection of poems in Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty and Li Qingfu's research on the origin of Neo Confucianism in central Fujian, Volume 33, Zhengshi, Mr. Qiu diaoji's preface to Qiu Kui's collection of poems in Shangzhi of Qing Dynasty included in "cangsu Lu ruotang's preface to Qiu Kui's collection of poems", which said: "Mr. Qiu diaoji, my city, wrote in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, which was scheduled for the Zhao Dynasty. He not only worshipped the sages in the countryside, but also enjoyed Zhu Wengong's ancestral temple. Among the Confucian biographies listed in the eight min general annals, he has made great contributions to the biography of Confucian scholars by his works, such as four books on the sun, Yi Jie Yi, Shu Zhi Shuo, Shi Yi, Chun Qiu Tong Yi, Li Ji Jie, Jing Shi Shu, Sheng Ji Tu, and Zhou Li Bu Wu. However, there is no biography of this book. The only remaining books are Zhou Li Bu Wu and Shi Ji, which the scholars want with regret. Mr. Chen, it is not the only one who values the future generations. If you want to learn, don't be eager to understand reason; if you want to understand reason, don't be greater than Veron. Mr. Liu is comfortable in his family and can be regarded as a regular script for later generations. That is to say, he doesn't write books and make speeches, which is worthy of being a forerunner of the Academy. He studies heaven and human beings thoroughly and knows his life well. In his later years, he chants articles, which is enough to see the general situation. Why should he regret the loss of books! Mr. Fu, once he has a piece of earth, does not erect a tablet. Wanli (1573-1620)

Chinese PinYin : Qiu Kui