Liu Zhi

Liu Zhi

Liu Zhi (AD 1030-1098) was born in Dongguang, Yongjing. In the four years of Jiayou's career, he was a scholar with outstanding ability and achievements. After the death of song zhezong, Han Zhongyan, the right prime minister, overturned Liu Zhi's case and gave him the title of "Zhongsu". Later, he was awarded the title of "Yuanyou Zhongxian". Liu Zhi loved learning all his life. He was rigorous and talented. His Zhongsu collection was widely spread by later generations.

Basic information

full name:

Liu Zhi

Words:

Old man

dynasty:

Northern Song Dynasty

Previous positions:

Nangong county magistrate of Jizhou and Jiangling Prefecture observe tuiguan, collate the pavilion, write a work of Lang, check and rectify the official affairs of Zhongshu ritual room, supervise Yushi Lixing, Hengzhou supervise Yancang, Jixian academy Li, know dazongzhengsi Cheng, tuiguan of Kaifeng Prefecture, Li Bu Lang, Yousi Lang, Secretary Shaojian, Shi Yushi, Yushi Zhongcheng, Shangshu youpushe, guangluqing.

My Lord

Song Renzong Zhao Zhen, song Yingzong zhao shu, song Shenzong Zhao Xu, song zhezong Zhao Xu

nation:

Han nationality

one's native heath:

Yongjing Dongguang

time of birth:

The eighth year of Tiansheng in Northern Song Dynasty (1030 A.D.)

Time of death:

December 3, the fourth year of Shaosheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (January 8, 1098 A.D.)

Age:

68 years old

Introduction to Liu Zhi

When he was the magistrate of Nangong County in Jizhou at the beginning, because of his outstanding political achievements, Li Chong and Huang Shen were called the three orders of Heshuo. Later, he was an official of Jiangling government, recommended by Han Qi to collate the pavilion, and promoted to a writer. At that time, Wang Anshi had just begun to take charge of the political power. He attached great importance to Liu Zhi and promoted Liu Zhi to be the official of Zhongshu Li Fang. After that, Liu Zhi was promoted to supervise the imperial censor Li Xing. After Wang Anshi worshipped the prime minister, he carried out the new law. Liu Zhi thought that the new law had many disadvantages, so he wrote to song Shenzong to state the disadvantages of the new law. At that time, Shenzong favored Wang Anshi and demoted Liu Zhi to Hengzhou salt warehouse. In the early years of Yuanfeng, he was appointed as the director of Jixian University. He was the official of Kaifeng Prefecture. Later, he was appointed to be the doctor of rites department, and soon became the doctor of right department.

After song zhezong succeeded to the throne, Liu Zhi was appointed secretary Shaojian and promoted to imperial censor. In the first year of Yuanyou, he was promoted to Zhongcheng. In the sixth year of Yuanyou's reign, he worshipped Shangshu's right pushe and ruled at the same time as Shangshu's left pushe, and abandoned the new law. Later, there was a conflict between Lu Dafang and Liu Zhi. The censor Yang Wei attached himself to Lu Dafang, impeached Liu Zhi, and Liu Zhi was dismissed.

In the eighth year of Yuanyou, song zhezong was in charge of the government and carried out the new law. The next year, Liu Zhi was demoted to guangluqing.

Liu Zhi was exiled to Xinzhou (Xinxing, Guangdong) in the fourth year of Shaosheng (1097 A.D.), and soon died of resentment.

Historical chronology

He was born in the eighth year of Tiansheng (1030 A.D.) in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In the first year of Baoyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty (1038 AD), he was 9 years old and worked with his father Jiang Hua (Yongzhou, Hunan). His mother and Uncle Chen Xiaoruo went together.

In the second year of Baoyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty (1039 AD), at the age of 10, his parents died one after another. His mother died in Jianghua and his father died in Hengzhou (Hengyang, Hunan). Later, he moved to Dongping, Shandong Province, where his grandparents lived and went to school.

In the first year of Huangyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1049 AD), he was 20 years old and lived in Yunzhou (Yuncheng, Shandong Province). While reading, while traveling mountains and rivers, looking for bosom friends, making friends.

In the third year of Jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1058 AD), he was 29 years old and met Wen Ying, a famous monk in Jingzhou.

In the fourth year of Jiayou reign in the Northern Song Dynasty (1059 AD), he was a 30-year-old scholar of Jiake. In May of the same year, he was appointed Nangong Ling of Jizhou.

In the third year of Zhiping in the Northern Song Dynasty (1066 AD), he was 37 years old and was appointed as the official of Jiangling observatory.

He was 41 years old in the third year of Xining (1070 AD) of the Northern Song Dynasty. In April, he was recommended by the Prime Minister Han Qi to collate the pavilion.

In the fourth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1071 AD), at the age of 42, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty and Wang Anshi's officials worked hand in hand, determined to get rid of the bad politics and reform to strengthen the country. Liu Zhi was appreciated by Wang Anshi. In February, he served as the procurator of the central library. In April, he served as the censor.

In the fifth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1072 AD), he was 43 years old. Because he had different opinions on the new law (Zhi advocated gradual change and opposed violent change, he thought that the new law was carried out too fast and the people could not adapt quickly), he was demoted to Hengzhou to supervise the salt warehouse. After demotion, he returned to Yunzhou to move his ancestral graves.

In the seventh year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1074), he was 45 years old and served as a magistrate in Nanjing.

In 1077, Wang Anshi retired to Jiangning at the age of 48. Liu Zhi returned to Kaifeng as a member of the taichangli academy, preparing for the production of Yuanfeng.

In the first year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1078 AD), he was 49 years old. He was appointed as a school manager of Jixian. He was promoted as an official in Kaifeng Prefecture and was converted to a minister of Yilang.

In the fifth year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1082 AD), he was 53 years old. In April, he served as a doctor in the Ministry of rites. In August, he was sent to Liao state on the day of Zhengdan.

In the sixth year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1083 A.D.), he was 54 years old and served as a doctor of Yousi. He was dismissed in April and returned to the countryside.

In the seventh year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1084 AD), he was 57 years old and left Zhihua prefecture (Hua county, Henan Province) in July.

In the eighth year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1085 AD), he was 56 years old. In March, song Shenzong died of illness and zhe Zong ascended the throne. Empress dowager Gao listened to the government behind the curtain. In April, Liu Zhi made an imperial edict to become a doctor of the Ministry of official affairs. In June, Sima Guangshang, the prime minister, was promoted to the post of secretary Shaojian, and later to the post of Shi Yushi.

In the first year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1086 AD), he was 57 years old and promoted to Zhongcheng in February. In September, Sima Guang died of illness. After Sima Guang died, Cheng Yi (Luo party), Su Shi (Shu party) and Liu Zhi (Shuo party) fought against each other and Shuo party won. In November, he was promoted to the position of middle school doctor, Shangshu Youcheng.

In the second year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1087 AD), he was 58 years old and was promoted to zuocheng in May.

In the third year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1088 AD), he was 59 years old and was promoted to Zhongshu Shilang in April.

In the fourth year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1089 AD), he was 60 years old and concurrently served as a servant.

In the sixth year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1091 A.D.), he was 62 years old. In February, he served as Taizhong's official, Shangshu's right servant and Zhongshu's servant.

In 1092, he was 63 years old. In November, he was impeached by Zheng Yong and Yang Wei. He was demoted as a Bachelor of Guanwen temple. He went out to Yunzhou and moved to Qingzhou (Qingxian County, Hebei Province).

In the eighth year of Yuanyou (1093 A.D.) in the Northern Song Dynasty, at the age of 64, Empress Dowager Gao died in September. He was in charge of zhezong and the new French school. Liu Zhi was demoted to Huangzhou (Huangzhou, Hubei Province), and then to guangluqing branch in Nanjing. He lived in Qizhou (Qichun, Hubei Province).

In the ninth year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (commonly known as the first year of Shaosheng, 1094 A.D.), he was 65 years old and demoted to Huangzhou in June. He was demoted to guangluqing.

In the fourth year of Shaosheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1097 AD), he was 68 years old. He was demoted to Dingzhou (Changde, Hunan) as the Deputy envoy of tuanlian, and was resettled in Xinzhou (Xinxing, Guangdong). On December 3 (January 8, 1098 A.D.), he died in the banishment office, 68 years old.

In May of the sixth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1136 A.D.), Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty made Liu Zhi a grand master.

Historical evaluation

The ninety ninth biography of the history of the Song Dynasty states:

Lu Da's defense is heavy and thick, and his sincere bone is stuck. Su Song has virtue and quantity. All of them were in the autumn when their mother was sitting behind the curtain to listen to the government. It was not easy for them to make Yuanyou's governance better than longjiayou's! The eight events of Da Fang's sparing the laws of the Song family are not praiseworthy, they are reserved for all ages. The debate between the true and the evil was very strict. At last, he was angry with the others, so he died in demotion together with Da Fang. Praises alone Kui ran Gao Nian, has not been polluted by the treachery, the world said that it is wise to protect oneself. However, Zhang Zhongxuan, the governor of the state, was not punished as a senior official because he was not punished as a senior official. Since the Song Dynasty ordered officials to pay for the dead with stolen goods, if there was no additional punishment, was it not a matter of being a gentleman with many virtues, and the creator had his own appearance?

personal works

Zhongsu collection is one of Liu Zhi's works. Liu Zhi's works can be found in the description or citation. From the existing materials, there are mainly Liu Zhi's collection, Liu Zhongsu's collection, Liu Zhi's Memorial, Liu Zhi's manuscript and Liu Zhi's diary, but the last three kinds have been lost.

Liu Zhi's Zhongsu collection, at least in the early Ming Dynasty, was still widely spread in the world. It was recorded in wenyuange bibliography in the Ming Dynasty. When he was working on Yongle Dadian, he also earned money. In Chen Zhensun's Zhi Zhai Shu Lu Jie Ti, Ma duanlin's Wen Xue Tong Kao and Jing Ji Kao, Zhongsu Ji is described as 40 volumes. From the existing fragments of Dadian, we can find some poems in Liu Zhi Ji, Liu Zhongsu Ji and Liu Zhongsu's official documents. However, by the time of compiling Siku Quanshu in the Qing Dynasty, it had been a long time since it was published, so that the librarian of Siku had to compile it from Yongle Dadian according to its rhyme.

Introduction to the general catalogue of Sikuquanshu

Zhongsuji is introduced in the general catalogue of Sikuquanshu as follows: zhongsuji has 20 volumes, which was written by Liu Zhi of Song Dynasty. Forty volumes of his works can be found in the history of the Song Dynasty - records of Arts and culture. As there is no biographical version for a long time, we have compiled 285 articles from the rhymes of Yongle Dadian, which is 67% of the original volume. I'd like to compile it in 20 volumes.

Present edition of Zhongsu collection

In the present edition of Zhong Su Ji, there are 70 memorials in five volumes, with nearly 50000 words, accounting for a quarter of the whole book. There are two volumes of table and two volumes of opening, accounting for one fourth of the whole book. The preface, miscellaneous works and memorials are in one volume. The steles and epitaphs are in four volumes, accounting for a quarter of the whole book. The rest are seven character poems, five character poems, five character poems and seven character poems.

Chinese PinYin : Liu Zhi