Liu Fuling

Liu Fuling

Liufuling (94-74) was the eighth emperor in the Western Han Dynasty (including the former Shaodi and the latter Shaodi in the later period of the system), liuche Shaozi, the emperor of Han Dynasty, and his mother was Madame hook Yi.

Huo Guang, Jin Rili and sang Hongyang were appointed as the crown prince in the second year of the later Yuan Dynasty (87 BC) and ascended the throne in the same year. Huo Guang, Jin Rili and sang Hongyang were assisted by the imperial edict of Emperor Wu. Because of the domestic waste and the people's poverty, they adopted the policy of paying less taxes and resting with the people, and repeatedly reduced taxes and rents to appease the refugees. In the sixth year of the first Yuan Dynasty (81 BC), the Xianliang literature of the Prefecture was convened to hold a meeting of salt and iron, and then the discussion was stopped. He restored peace with Xiongnu. Political stability, social and economic recovery. It opened a good situation of "Zhaoxuan Zhongxing".

In the first year of Yuanping (June 5, 74 BC), Liu Fuling died of illness. At the age of 21, he was in power for 13 years, posthumously named emperor Xiaozhao, and was buried in Pingling.

(overview chart source)

Life of the characters

Early experience

Liu Fuling was the youngest son of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. His mother, Zhao Jieyu (Mrs. Gou Yi), was favored by her "strange femininity" and lived in Gou Yi palace. In 94 BC, Zhao Jieyu gave birth to Liu Fuling, known as "gouyizi". It is said that Liu Fuling, like the ancient emperor Yao, was born 14 months after his birth, so the gate of his birth is called "the gate of Yao mother".

In the second year of Zhenghe (91 BC), there was a famous witchcraft disaster. Empress Wei Zifu and crown prince Liu Ju were framed by Su Wen, Jiang Chong and Han Shuo, and they were unable to fight in the Ming Dynasty. They committed suicide after defeat. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not establish a crown prince for several years.

After the death of Prince Li, Liu Dan, the third son of the emperor, wrote a letter to his father and volunteered to go to Beijing to defend the Imperial Palace, hoping to be the prince. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was so angry that he killed the messenger sent by Liu Dan and cut off his three counties. Liu Xu, the fourth son of the emperor, was extravagant and fond of amusement. He had no law in his behavior and was not authorized as a crown prince. Liu Xiang, the fifth son of the emperor, was born to Mrs. Li and a nephew of Li Guangli. In the third year of Zhenghe (the first 90 years), Li Guangli and Prime Minister Liu Qufeng planned to make Liu Feng the crown prince. After the incident, Li Guangli surrendered to the Xiongnu and Liu Qufeng was beheaded. In the first month of the first year of the later Yuan Dynasty (88 BC), the year before the death of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang died.

In the third or fourth year of Zhenghe (90bc, 89bc), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty believed that Liu Fuling, who was only five or six years old, was strong and intelligent, much like when he was young, he especially loved Liu Fuling and had great expectations for him. Emperor Wu wanted to pass the story to Liu Fuling, so he ordered the painters of the inner court to draw a picture of "King Zhou Gong Fu" and give it to Huo Guang, the commander of Fengche, implying that the ministers wanted to make Liu Fuling their youngest son Prince. In order to prevent the recurrence of the affairs of his young mother Zhuang and empress Lu after his death, Emperor Wu gave Liu Fuling's mother death.

On February 12, the second year of the second Yuan Dynasty (March 27, 87 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was seriously ill and made Liu Fuling, who was only eight years old, the crown prince. On February 13, Emperor Wu issued an imperial edict to Tuogu, a close minister, and appointed Huo Guang, the commander of fengchedu, as the chief commander of the army and general of the army. Jin RIYUAN was appointed as a general of chariots, Jie as the left general, and sang Hongyang as the imperial censor.

Ascend to the throne as Emperor

On February 14, the second year of the second Yuan Dynasty, on March 29, 1987, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty died of illness. On the fifth day of February 15 (March 30, 87 B.C.), Liu Fuling ascended the throne as emperor, which was Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty. His elder sister, Princess Eyi, was granted the title of the eldest princess and was admitted to the palace. In accordance with Emperor Wu's edict, general Huo Guang presided over the state affairs and recorded books. General Jin RI Li and general Zuo Shangguan Jie were his deputies.

Assistant ministers fight for power

In the first year of the first Yuan Dynasty (86 BC), Jin RIYUAN, who assisted the government for more than a year, died of illness, and Huo Guang held the supreme power of the Han government. Huo Guang was married to Jin riji and Shangguan Jie, who were also assistant ministers. Shangguan an, the son of Shangguan Jie, married Huo Guang's eldest daughter and had a daughter Shangguan family. The two families were closely related by marriage. Whenever Huo Guang went out on vacation or took a bath, Shangguan Jie often took his place in national affairs.

In the fourth year of the first Yuan Dynasty (83 BC), Emperor Zhao was 12 years old. The princess of Changyi chose the empress for him. Shangguan'an intended to let his six-year-old daughter Shangguan's family take charge of the harem, but Huo Guang objected. Shangguan'an had a good relationship with Ding, the lover of Princess Eyi. She succeeded in achieving her goal through the princess. She established the female Shangguan family as the empress (that is, Shangguan empress), while she was promoted to the general of motorcycles and became the Marquis of sangle. In order to repay Princess Eyi, the Shangguan family wanted to make a foreigner a marquis (it was stipulated in the Han Dynasty that no Marquis could marry a princess), which was rejected by Huo Guang. Huo Guang had repeatedly prevented other relatives of the Shangguan family from becoming officials, so the two sides became enemies. Sanghongyang, the imperial historian, refused to apply for an official position for his children because of his high achievements, and their political views were seriously different, so sanghongyang resented Huo Guang. Liu Dan, the elder brother of emperor Zhao of Han Dynasty, was also resentful because he was not made emperor. So these political forces temporarily united to try to kill Huo Guang and abolish Liu Fuling.

See through slander

In the sixth year of the first Yuan Dynasty (81 BC), shangguanjie, yanwang Liudan and others stepped up preparations for the coup. Liu Dan, the king of Yan, bet on Shangguan Jie to win the throne. He sent more than ten people with a large number of gold, silver and jewelry to bribe Princess Chang, Shangguan Jie, sang Hongyang and others to support him to win the throne. They used the old trick of "Qing emperor's side" to make people write to Emperor Zhao in the name of Liu Dan, the king of Yan, falsely saying: "Huo Guang is reviewing the military equipment in Kyoto, and the roads near Kyoto are under martial law; Huo Guang will return Su Wuzhao, who was detained by Xiongnu for 19 years, to Kyoto as a typical vassal state, intending to borrow Xiongnu's troops; Huo Guang will transfer his troops without authorization. All this is to overthrow emperor Zhao and make himself Emperor. " He claimed that Liu Dan, the king of Yan, wanted to stay in the imperial court in order to prevent the treacherous officials from going into trouble.

At that time, when the officials and the people wrote a letter, Huo Guang read it first (in fact, Huo Guang read it first). If something bad happened, he could not report it. Shangguan Jie could only replace Huo Guang when he was on vacation. So Shangguan Jie took advantage of Huo Guang's bath and sent the memorial to Emperor Zhao. Shangguan Jie wanted to approve the matter through emperor Zhao, and then he would announce Huo Guang's "crime" according to the contents of the memorial. Sang Hongyang organized his courtiers to coerce Huo Guang to abdicate. They did not expect that when the letter from Liu Dan, the king of Yan, arrived in the hands of emperor Zhao of Han Dynasty, it was detained there and ignored by Emperor Zhao of Han Dynasty.

The next morning, Huo Guang knew Shangguan Jie's action, so he stood in the studio where he posted the picture of Zhou Gongfu becoming king, which was given by Emperor Wu. He didn't go to the court, so he asked emperor Zhao to show his attitude. When Emperor Zhao saw that there was no Huo Guang in the court, he asked his courtiers. Shangguan Jie took the opportunity to reply, "because the king of Yan denounced him, he did not dare to go to court." Emperor Zhao summoned the general. Huo Guang entered the palace, removed the general crown and kowtowed to himself. Emperor Zhao said: "the general wears the crown. I know that letter is slander. The general is not guilty." Huo Guang said, "how does your majesty know?" Emperor Zhao said, "general, go to Guangming Pavilion and call up Langguan's subordinates. If you want to mobilize your troops, it will take less than ten days, and Liu Danyuan, the king of Yan, is out of town. How can you know! Besides, if you really want to overthrow me, you don't have to fight like this! " The conspiracy of Shangguan Jie and others was exposed by the 14-year-old emperor Zhao. All the ministers in the court marveled at the emperor Zhao's intelligence and judgment, and Huo Guang's assistant political position was stabilized.

The person who played the book later disappeared, and the government was very tight in pursuit. Shangguan Jie and others were afraid, so they said to Emperor Zhao, "little things are not worth investigating." Emperor Zhao did not listen. After that, the first party of Shangguan Jie still sent people to slander Huo Guang. Emperor Zhao said angrily, "the general is a loyal minister. The former Emperor asked him to help me. I dare to slander him and deal with him according to the crime." Shangguan Jie and others dare not say any more. Therefore, Emperor Zhao became closer to Huo Guang and alienated Shangguan school.

Pacify civil strife

In September of the first year of Yuanfeng (80 BC), after the plot of Shangguan Jie and others was exposed, they prepared to launch an armed coup. They plan to invite Huo Guang to a banquet hosted by the princess Chang, and order the soldiers in ambush to kill Huo Guang and abolish emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty. Yancang, the rice field emissary (the official in charge of rice field tax) under the princess of e'yi, knows about their plot and reports it to Yang Chang, the son-in-law of Sima Qian. However, Yang Chang has always been cautious and didn't report it. He just pretends to be ill and lies in bed at home. Yancang told the remonstrant doctor Du Yannian about it, and Du Yannian made a report. So emperor Zhao and Huo Guang mastered the armed coup plan of Shangguan Jie and others. Before the coup was launched, Shangguan Jie and sang Hongyang were arrested and their families were killed. The eldest princess and the king of Yan, Liu Dan, knew that they could not be pardoned and committed suicide one after another. The nine year old Shangguan queen was not dethroned because she was young and Huo Guang's granddaughter.

Appointment of Huo Guang

After the civil strife was settled, Huo Guang was fully trusted by Emperor Zhao of Han Dynasty. Not only Huo Guangquan's son Huo Yu and his nephew Huo Yun were the generals in charge of the palace guards; Huo Shan Guan, Huo Yun's younger brother, served as the bodyguards of the East Palace and the West Palace respectively, and took charge of the guards of the whole imperial palace; his cousins and relatives also held important positions in the imperial court, forming an intricate system throughout the Western Han Dynasty The huge network of influence of the imperial court. So far, Huo Guang has become the actual supreme ruler at that time. After Huo Guang was in power, in the 13 years before and after he was in power, "the people were enriched, and all the foreigners were served.".

He died of illness

Liu Fuling died in Weiyang palace of Chang'an on April 17, the first year of Yuanping (June 5, 74 BC). He was only 21 years old. On the seventh day of Renshen in June (July 24, 74 BC), he was buried in Pingling, with the posthumous title of emperor Xiaozhao.

Political initiatives

Politics

After emperor Zhao of Han Dynasty ascended the throne, he was very young

Chinese PinYin : Liu Fu Ling